Repair and Diagnosis (Single Page)

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• Quick Lookups
  • Common Specs & Procedures
    • Specifications Index
  • DTC Index
    • A/C-Heater System DTCS
    • Air Bag Restraint DTCS
    • Anti-Lock Brakes DTCS
    • Anti-Theft Systems DTCS
    • Automatic Transmission DTCS
    • Handles, Locks, Latches And Entry Systems DTCS
    • Instrument Cluster DTCS
    • Lighting (Interior) DTCS
    • MULTIFUNCTION Electronic Module DTCS
    • Power Windows DTCS
    • Self-Diagnostics DTCS
    • Steering Column Switches DTCS
    • Transfer Case DTCS
    • Warning Devices
    • Wiper/Washer System DTCS
  • Electrical Component Locations
    • Diagnostic Connector (DLC) Locations
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    • Electrical Component Locator
      • Buzzers, Relays & Timers
      • Circuit Protection Devices
      • Control Units
      • Motors
      • Sending Units & Sensors
      • Solenoids & Solenoid Valves
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      • Miscellaneous
      • Connectors
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  • Technical Bulletins
    • Campaigns
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    • Technical Service Bulletins
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • OEM Connector End Views
      • Connector End Views
        • A/C clutch solenoid connector end view (C100)
        • Crankshaft position sensor connector end view (C101)
        • Generator connector end view (C102a)
        • Generator connector end view (C102b)
        • Oil pressure switch connector end view (C103)
        • Knock sensor connector end view (C109)
        • Inline Connector end view (C110)
        • Speed control servo connector end view (C122)
        • Brake fluid level switch connector end view (C124)
        • Windshield wiper motor connector end view (C125)
        • Inline Connector end view (C126)
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor connector end view (C128)
        • Horn connector end view (C131)
        • Ambient air temperature sensor connector end view (C132)
        • ABS control module connector end view (C135)
        • Windshield washer pump motor connector end view (C137)
        • Inline Connector end view (C139)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #12 connector end view (C142)
        • Inline Connector end view (C144)
        • Inline Connector end view (C146)
        • Wheel speed sensor, left front connector end view (C150)
        • Fog lamp, left front connector end view (C152)
        • Wheel speed sensor, right front connector end view (C160)
        • Fog lamp, right front connector end view (C162)
        • Intermediate Shaft Speed (ISS) sensor connector end view (C164)
        • Digital Transmission Range (DTR) sensor connector end view (C167)
        • Reversing lamps switch connector end view (C169)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #11 connector end view (C171)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #21 connector end view (C172)
        • Ignition transformer capacitor 1 connector end view (C174)
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) connector end view (C175)
        • Camshaft position sensor connector end view (C180)
        • Injector 1 connector end view (C181)
        • Injector 2 connector end view (C182)
        • Injector 3 connector end view (C183)
        • Injector 4 connector end view (C184)
        • Injector 5 connector end view (C185)
        • Injector 6 connector end view (C186)
        • Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) connector end view (C189)
        • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) sensor connector end view (C193)
        • Starter motor connector end view (C197a)
        • Starter motor connector end view (C197b)
        • 5R55E Transmission connector end view (C199)
        • Multifunction switch connector end view (C202a)
        • Multifunction switch connector end view (C202b)
        • Main light switch connector end view (C205)
        • Instrument panel dimming module connector end view (C206)
        • Inline Connector end view (C210)
        • Inline Connector end view (C211)
        • Inline Connector end view (C212)
        • Inline Connector end view (C213)
        • Inline Connector end view (C214)
        • Inline Connector end view (C215)
        • Air bag sliding contact connector end view (C218a)
        • Air bag sliding contact connector end view (C218b)
        • Inline Connector end view (C219)
        • Instrument cluster connector end view (C220a)
        • Instrument cluster connector end view (C220b)
        • Instrument cluster connector end view (C220c)
        • Inline Connector end view (C237)
        • Inline Connector end view (C238)
        • Fog lamp switch connector end view (C240)
        • Rear window defrost switch connector end view (C241)
        • Ignition switch connector end view (C250)
        • Data Link Connector End View (DLC) connector end view (C251)
        • Glove box lamp connector end view (C254)
        • Passenger air bag module connector end view (C256)
        • Clutch pedal position switch connector end view (C257)
        • Inline Connector end view (C263)
        • Inline Connector end view (C264)
        • Central security module connector end view (C274a)
        • Central security module connector end view (C274b)
        • Brake pedal position switch connector end view (C278)
        • Transmission control switch connector end view (C279)
        • Four... wheel drive control module connector end view (C281a)
        • Four... wheel drive control module connector end view (C281b)
        • Inertia Fuel Shutoff (IFS) switch connector end view (C282)
        • Four... wheel drive switch connector end view (C284)
        • Temperature blend door actuator connector end view (C289)
        • Radio connector end view (C290a)
        • Radio connector end view (C290b)
        • Radio connector end view (C290c)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294a)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294b)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294c)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294d)
        • Side air bag sensor, right connector end view (C304)
        • Side air bag sensor, left connector end view (C305)
        • Inline Connector end view (C311)
        • Inline Connector end view (C312)
        • Inline Connector end view (C313)
        • Inline Connector end view (C314)
        • Inline Connector end view (C316)
        • Safety belt buckle switch connector end view (C323)
        • Inline Connector end view (C327)
        • Inline Connector end view (C328)
        • Side air bag module, right connector end view (C337)
        • Inline Connector end view (C339)
        • Inline Connector end view (C340)
        • Rear Integrated Control Panel (RICP) connector end view (C349)
        • Transfer case assembly connector end view (C350)
        • Rear window motor connector end view (C351)
        • Power seat motor assembly, left connector end view (C357)
        • Seat adjust switch, driver side front connector end view (C360)
        • Side air bag module, left connector end view (C367)
        • Seat adjust switch, driver side front connector end view (C369)
        • Power point, console connector end view (C380)
        • Speaker, left rear connector end view (C395)
        • Speaker, right rear connector end view (C396)
        • Rear window defrost grid connector end view (C402a)
        • Rear window defrost grid connector end view (C402b)
        • Inline Connector end view (C406)
        • Inline Connector end view (C408)
        • Inline Connector end view (C410)
        • Inline Connector end view (C411)
        • Inline Connector end view (C421)
        • Inline Connector end view (C422)
        • Fuel tank unit connector end view (C433)
        • Fuel tank pressure transducer sensor connector end view (C435)
        • Trailer tow connector end view (C439)
        • Evaporative emission (EVAP) canister vent value connector end view (C450)
        • Reversing lamp, left connector end view (C451)
        • License plate lamp, left connector end view (C452)
        • License plate lamp left connector end view (C454)
        • Rear axle speed sensor connector end view (C455)
        • Liftgate door lock switch connector end view (C456)
        • Liftgate lock actuator connector end view (C457)
        • Liftgate ajar switch, left connector end view (C458)
        • Liftgate ajar switch, right connector end view (C459)
        • Reversing lamp, right connector end view (C461)
        • License plate lamp, right connector end view (C462)
        • License plate lamp, right connector end view (C464)
        • Subwoofer amplifier connector end view (C466)
        • Rear window wiper disable switch connector end view (C467)
        • Power point, rear connector end view (C474)
        • Rear wiper motor assembly connector end view (C476)
        • Master window adjust switch connector end view (C504a)
        • Master window adjust switch connector end view (C504b)
        • Door lock switch driver side connector end view (C505)
        • Inline Connector end view (C510)
        • Exterior rear view mirror, driver side connector end view (C520)
        • Exterior rear view mirror driver side connector end view (C521)
        • Speaker, left front connector end view (C523)
        • Power window motor, driver side front connector end view (C524)
        • Door lock actuator, driver side connector end view (C525)
        • Door ajar switch, driver side front connector end view (C526a)
        • Door ajar switch, driver side front connector end view (C526b)
        • Exterior rear view mirror switch connector end view (C527)
        • Key pad switch assembly connector end view (C530)
        • Exterior rear view mirror, passenger side connector end view (C601)
        • Door ajar switch, passenger side front connector end view (C602a)
        • Door ajar switch, passenger side front connector end view (C602b)
        • Door lock actuator, passenger side connector end view (C603)
        • Window adjust switch, passenger side connector end view (C604)
        • Door lock switch, passenger side connector end view (C605)
        • Power window motor, passenger side front connector end view (C608)
        • Speaker, right front connector end view (C612)
        • Exterior rear view mirror, passenger side connector end view (C615)
        • Window adjust switch, left rear connector end view (C701)
        • Speaker, left rear connector end view (C702)
        • Power window motor, left rear connector end view (C703)
        • Door lock actuator, left rear connector end view (C704)
        • Door ajar switch, driver side rear connector end view (C715a)
        • Door ajar switch, driver side rear connector end view (C715b)
        • Window adjust switch, right rear connector end view (C801)
        • Speaker, right rear connector end view (C802)
        • Power window motor, right rear connector end view (C803)
        • Door lock actuator, right rear connector end view (C804)
        • Door ajar switch, passenger side rear connector end view (C820a)
        • Door ajar switch, passenger side rear connector end view (C820b)
        • High mounted stop lamp connector end view (C904)
        • Roof opening panel switch connector end view (C912)
        • Inline Connector end view (C919)
        • Roof opening panel module connector end view (C921)
        • Inline Connector end view (C922)
        • Inline Connector end view (C925)
        • Cargo lamp assembly connector end view (C927)
        • Overhead console connector end view (C930)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, front connector end view (C931a)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, front connector end view (C931b)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, rear connector end view (C932a)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, rear connector end view (C932b)
        • Autolamp sensor connector end view (C995)
        • Wiper high/low relay connector end view (C1001)
        • Wiper run/park relay connector end view (C1002)
        • Windshield washer relay connector end view (C1004)
        • Horn relay connector end view (C1006)
        • Fog lamp relay connector end view (C1007)
        • A/C clutch relay connector end view (C1008)
        • Blower motor relay connector end view (C1011)
        • PCM power relay connector end view (C1016)
        • Starter relay connector end view (C1017)
        • PCM power diode connector end view (C1018)
        • Headlamp, left connector end view (C1021)
        • Park/turn lamp, left front connector end view (C1023)
        • Deactivator switch connector end view (C1025)
        • EVAP canister purge valve connector end view (C1029)
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) module connector end view (C1030)
        • Heater blower motor connector end view (C1031)
        • Heater blower motor resistor, front connector end view (C1032)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) connector end view (C1035)
        • Rear window wiper raise relay connector end view (C1036)
        • Rear window wiper lower relay connector end view (C1037)
        • Fog lamp isolation relay connector end view (C1038)
        • Washer pump relay rear connector end view (C1039)
        • Headlamp, right connector end view (C1041)
        • Park/turn lamp, right front connector end view (C1043)
        • Fuel pump relay connector end view (C1051)
        • High speed fan control relay connector end view (C1056)
        • Rear wiper relay connector end view (C1059)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sender connector end view (C1061)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sensor connector end view (C1064)
        • Ignition coil connector end view (C1065)
        • Idle air control valve (IAC) connector end view (C1066)
        • Differential pressure feedback EGR (DPFE) sensor connector end view (C1068)
        • EGR vacuum regulator solenoid connector end view (C1072)
        • A/C high pressure switch connector end view (C1078)
        • A/C compressor cycling switch connector end view (C1081)
        • Park lamp relay connector end view (C1095)
        • Window safety relay connector end view (C1096)
        • Battery connector end view (C1100a)
        • Battery connector end view (C1100b)
        • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) sensor connector end view (C1107)
        • Rear window wiper/washer switch connector end view (C2000)
        • Brake shift interlock connector end view (C2008)
        • Ashtray illumination lamp connector end view (C2014)
        • Parking brake switch connector end view (C2015)
        • Rear window defrost relay connector end view (C2021)
        • Interior lamps relay connector end view (C2022)
        • Cigar lighter, front connector end view (C2031a)
        • Cigar lighter, front connector end view (C2031b)
        • Power point connector end view (C2033)
        • Restraints control module connector end view (C2041a)
        • Restraints control module connector end view (C2041b)
        • Indicator flasher relay connector end view (C2047)
        • Battery saver relay connector end view (C2048)
        • Trailer low relay connector end view (C2049)
        • One... touch window relay connector end view (C2051)
        • Window safety relay connector end view (C2058)
        • Park lamp relay connector end view (C2059)
        • Rear window adjust switch connector end view (C2060)
        • Passive anti... theft transceiver connector end view (C2097)
        • Genetic Electronic Module (GEM) connector end view (C2100a)
        • General Electronic Module (GEM) connector end view (C2100b)
        • Neutral tow switch connector end view (C2126)
        • Autolamp headlamp relay connector end view (C2233)
        • Autolamp dimmer relay connector end view (C2234)
        • Blower motor, rear connector end view (C3002)
        • Heater blower motor resistor, rear connector end view (C3003)
        • Function selector switch assembly, rear connector end view (C3006)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3007)
        • Subwoofer connector end view (C3020)
        • Subwoofer amplifier connector end view (C3041a)
        • Subwoofer amplifier connector end view (C3041b)
        • Subwoofer amplifier connector end view (C3041c)
        • Park/stop/turn lamp, right rear connector end view (C4032)
        • Fuel tank unit connector end view (C4033)
        • Park/stop/turn lamp, left rear connector end view (C4035)
        • Rear wiper motor assembly connector end view (C4171)
    • System Wiring Diagrams
      • Using lemon2025'S Wiring Diagrams
      • Air Conditioning
      • Anti-Lock Brakes
      • Anti-Theft
      • Body Control Modules
      • Computer Data Lines
      • Cruise Control
      • Defoggers
      • Engine Performance
        • 4.0L
      • Exterior Lights
      • Ground Distribution
      • Headlights
      • Horn
      • Instrument Cluster
      • Interior Lights
      • Power Distribution
      • Power Door Locks
      • Power Mirrors
      • Power Seats
      • Power Top/Sunroof
      • Power Windows
      • Radio
      • Shift Interlock
      • Starting/Charging
      • Supplemental Restraints
      • Transmission
      • Warning Systems
      • Wiper/Washer
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
• Accessories & Equipment
  • Accessories Control Systems
    • Component Testing
      • Introduction
      • Component Testing
        • Headlamp Switch, Exterior Lamps
        • Headlamp Switch, Interior Lamps
        • Ignition Switch (11572)
        • MULTIFUNCTION Switch, Wiper/Washer Portion
        • Multifunction Switch, Lamp Portion
        • MULTIFUNCTION Switch, Turn Portion
        • Master Window Adjust Switch (14529) - Sport
        • Master Window Adjust Switch (14529) - Sport TRAC
        • Power Window Switch - Passenger Door
        • Power Window Switch - LH Side Rear
        • Power Window Switch - RH Side Rear
        • Exterior Rear View Mirror Switch (17B676)
        • Door Lock Switch - Driver Side
        • Door Lock Switch - Passenger Side
        • Liftgate Door Lock Switch
        • Seat Adjust Switch - With Side Air Bags
        • Seat Adjust Switch - Without Side Air Bags
        • Relay - Mini ISO
        • Relay - Micro ISO
  • Anti-Theft Systems
    • Anti-Theft - Pats
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Anti-Theft - Passive
          • Wiring Diagrams
          • Special Tools
          • Principles of Operation
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Powertrain Control Module Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: No Antenna Detected
            • Pinpoint Test B: PATS Ignition Key Transponder Signal Is Not Received
            • Pinpoint Test C: PATS Received Incorrect Key-Code From Ignition Key Transponder
            • Pinpoint Test D: PATS Received Invalid Format Of Key-Code From Ignition Key Transponder
            • Pinpoint Test E: The PATS Transceiver Module Signal Is Not Received
            • Pinpoint Test F: Anti-Theft Number Of Programmed Keys Is Below Minimum
            • Pinpoint Test G: The Anti-Theft Indicator Is Always/Never On
            • Pinpoint Test H: The Vehicle Does Not Start
      • General Procedures
        • Key Programming Using Two Programmed Keys
        • Key Programming Using Diagnostic Equipment
          • Special Tools
          • Key Programming
        • Key Programming Switch State Control
          • Special Tools
          • Key Programming Switch State Control
          • Unlimited Key Mode Programming
            • Enabling Unlimited Key Mode
            • Disabling Unlimited Key Mode
        • Spare Key Programming
          • Special Tools
          • Spare Key Programming
        • Anti-Theft Security Access
          • Special Tools
          • Anti-Theft Security Access
      • Removal & Installation
        • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats) Transceiver
          • Removal
    • Handles, Locks, Latches & Entry Systems
      • Specifications
        • General Specification
        • Lock Repair/Replacement Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Handles, Locks, Latches & Entry Systems
          • Notes
          • Keyless Entry
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Locks, Latches & Entry Systems - Non Module Controlled
          • Wiring Diagrams
          • Special Tools
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Symptom Chart
        • Pinpoint Tests
          • Pinpoint Test A: A Single Door Lock Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test B: All The Door Locks Are Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test C: The Door Locks Operate Only One Way
          • Pinpoint Test D: All Door Locks Are Inoperative From The Driver Door Lock Control Switch
          • Pinpoint Test E: All Door Locks Are Inoperative From The Passenger Door Lock Control Switch
          • Pinpoint Test F: All Door Locks Are Inoperative From The Liftgate Door Lock Control Switch
          • Pinpoint Test G: All Door Locks Are Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test H: A Passenger Door Lock Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test I: A Driver Door Lock Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test J: The Autolock Does Not Operate Correctly
          • Pinpoint Test K: The Doors Do Not Lock/Unlock Using The Keyless Entry Keypad
          • Pinpoint Test L: The Doors Do Not Lock/Unlock Using The Keyless Entry Remote Transmitter
          • Pinpoint Test M: Remote Keyless Entry Transmitter Out Of Synchronization
          • Pinpoint Test N: Panic Feature Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
          • Pinpoint Test O: The Keyless Entry Keypad Illumination Is Inoperative
        • Locks, Latches & Entry Systems - Module Controlled
          • Locks, Latches & Entry Systems - Module Controlled Wiring Diagrams
          • Special Tools
          • Principles Of Operation
            • Power Door Locks
            • Keyless Entry
            • Autolocks
        • Inspection & Verification
          • Notes
          • Central Security Module Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
      • General Procedures
        • Remote Transmitter Programming
        • Keyless Entry Keypad Code Programming
        • AUTOLOCK & Horn Chirp Programming
      • Removal & Installation
        • Hood Latch
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Front Door Latch
          • Special Tools
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Door Latch
          • Special Tools
          • Removal & Installation
        • Tailgate Latch
          • Removal & Installation
        • Liftgate Latch
          • Removal & Installation
        • Liftgate Latch - Window
          • Removal & Installation
          • Installation
        • Hood Latch Release Handle
          • Removal & Installation
        • Exterior Door Handle
          • Special Tools
          • Removal & Installation
        • Interior Door Handle
          • Removal
        • Liftgate Release Handle
          • Special Tools
          • Removal & Installation
        • Tailgate Release Handle
          • Removal & Installation
        • Door Lock Cylinder
          • Removal
        • Liftgate Lock Cylinder
          • Removal & Installation
        • Tailgate Lock Cylinder
          • Removal & Installation
        • Tonneau Cover Lock Cylinder
          • Removal & Installation
        • Liftgate Latch Remote Control
          • Removal & Installation
        • Tailgate Latch Remote Control
          • Removal & Installation
        • Tonneau Cover Latch Release Cable
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Push Button Rod - Rear
          • Special Tools
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Door Lock Actuator
          • Special Tools
          • Removal & Installation
        • Liftgate Latch Actuator
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Door Ajar Switch
          • Removal & Installation
        • Door Ajar Switch - Liftgate
        • Keyless Entry Keypad
          • Removal & Installation
    • Passive Anti-Theft System Job Aid
      • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats) Specifications
        • Ford System (Pats) Specifications
        • LINCOLN System (Pats) Specifications
        • Mercury System (Pats) Specifications
      • Pats Key Types
      • Diagnostic Trouble Codes
      • Non-Pats Issues
      • Things To Do:
      • Things Not To Do:
      • Programming Procedures
        • Notes
        • Key Programming Using Diagnostic Tools
          • Procedure #1
          • Procedure #2
          • Procedure #3
        • Spare Key Programming Using Diagnostic Tools
          • Procedure #4
        • Spare Key Programming Using Programmed Keys
          • Procedure #5
          • Procedure #6
        • Replacing Pats Control Module Or Pcm
          • Procedure #7
          • Procedure #8
    • Remote Keyless Entry System [Transmitter Programming Procedures]
      • Programming Methods & Transmitter Types
        • Programming Method And Transmitter Type Application
        • Transmitter Type Identification
        • Programming Methods
          • Programming Method A
          • Programming Method D
          • Programming Method I
          • Programming Method K
          • Programming Method L
          • Programming Method M
          • Programming Method N
          • Programming Method O
      • Helpful Hints
        • Remote Entry Programming Procedure
        • Poor Operating Range Performance
        • Miscellaneous
  • Communication Devices
    • Module Communications Network
      • Specifications
        • General Specification
      • Description & Operation
        • Communications Network
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Communications Network
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Principles Of Operation
          • Inspection & Verification
          • System Precheck
            • Pinpoint Test PC: Data Link Diagnostics Test
          • Symptom Chart
            • Symptom Charts
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: Anti-Lock Brake Control (ABS) Module Does Not Respond To Diagnostic Tool
            • Pinpoint Test B: Restraint Control Module (RCM) Does Not Respond To Diagnostic Tool
            • Pinpoint Test C: Generic Electronic Module (GEM) Does Not Respond To Diagnostic Tool
            • Pinpoint Test D: Four-Wheel Drive (4WD) Control Module Does Not Respond To Diagnostic Tool
            • Pinpoint Test E: Central Security Module Does Not Respond To Diagnostic Tool
            • Pinpoint Test F: Powertrain Control Module (PCM) Does Not Respond To Diagnostic Tool
            • Pinpoint Test G: No ISO 9141 Network Communication
            • Pinpoint Test H: No SCP Network Communication
            • Pinpoint Test I: No Module/Network Communication - No Power To Diagnostic Tool
      • General Procedures
        • Communication Circuit Wiring Repair
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Communication Circuit Wiring Repair
    • Module Configuration
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Module Configuration
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Principles Of Operation
            • Notes
            • Programmable Module Installation (PMI)
            • Calibration Update
            • Programmable Parameters
            • Vehicle Identification (VID) Block
            • As-Built Data Center
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Configurable Modules
    • MULTIFUNCTION Electronic Control Modules
      • Description & Operation
        • Module Controlled Functions
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Diagnostic Trouble Code Chart
        • MULTIFUNCTION Electronic Module
        • Generic Electronic Module (Gem)
          • Special Tools
          • Principles Of Operation
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: No Communication With The Generic Electronic Module (GEM)
        • Vehicle Security Module
          • Special Tools
          • Principles of Operation
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test B: No Communication With The Central Security Module
      • Removal & Installation
        • Generic Electronic Module (Gem)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Vehicle Security Module
          • Removal & Installation
  • Cruise Control Systems
    • Speed Control
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Speed Control
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Speed Control
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Principles of Operation
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Self-Test Diagnostics
          • Symptom Chart
            • Notes
            • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: The Speed Control Is Inoperative - No Flash Codes
            • Pinpoint Test B: The Set Speed Fluctuates
            • Pinpoint Test C: The Speed Control Does Not Disengage When The Brakes Are Applied
            • Pinpoint Test D: The Speed Control Does Not Disengage When The Clutch Is Applied
            • Pinpoint Test E: The Speed Control Switch Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test F: Flash With Last Switch Pressed, But No Dynamic Pull Occurs At The Throttle And The Sped Control Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test G: Flash Code 2 - Brake Pedal Position Switch Circuit Failure
            • Pinpoint Test H: Flash Code 3 - DEACTIVATOR Switch Circuit Failure
            • Pinpoint Test I: The Speed Control Indicator Lamp Is Always On
      • General Procedures
        • Cable Adjustment
      • Removal And Installation
        • Speed Control Switch
          • Removal and Installation
        • Speed Control Deactivator Switch
          • Removal and Installation
        • Speed Control Cable
          • Removal and Installation
        • Speed Control Servo
          • Removal
  • Exterior Lights
    • Exterior Lighting
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Exterior Lighting
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Headlamps
          • Wiring Diagrams
          • Special Tools
          • Visual Inspection Chart
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: Both Headlamps Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test B: The Low Beams Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test C: The High Beams Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test D: One Low Beam Headlamp Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test E: One High Beam Headlamp Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test F: The Headlamps Are On Continuously
        • AUTOLAMPS
          • Wiring Diagrams
          • Special Tools
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test G: The Autolamps Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test H: The Autolamps Are On Continuously
        • STOPLAMPS
          • Wiring Diagrams
          • Special Tools
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test I: The Stoplamps Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test J: One Or More Stoplamps Are Inoperative
        • Turn Signal & Hazard Lamps
          • Wiring Diagrams
          • Special Tools
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test K: The Turn Signal Lamps Are Never On
            • Pinpoint Test L: The Hazard Lamp Is Never On - All Hazard Lamps
            • Pinpoint Test M: One Turn Signal/Hazard Lamp Is Never On
        • Parking, Rear & License Lamps
          • Wiring Diagrams
          • Special Tools
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test N: The Autolamps Operate, But Parking, Rear Or License Lamps Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test O: The Parking, Rear Or License Lamps Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test P: One Or More Parking, Rear Or License Lamps Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test Q: The Parking, Rear Or License Lamps Are On Continuously
            • Pinpoint Test R: The Parking, Rear Or License Lamps Are Inoperative - Rear Lamps
        • Fog Lamps
          • Wiring Diagrams
          • Special Tools
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test S: The Fog Lamps Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test T: The Individual Fog Lamp Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test U: The Fog Lamps Are On Continuously
        • Reversing Lamps
          • Notes
          • Special Tools
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test V: The Reversing Lamps Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test W: The Individual Reversing Lamp Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test X: The Reversing Lamps Are On Continuously
        • Trailer Lamps
          • Notes
          • Special Tools
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test Y: The Trailer Lamps Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test Z: The Trailer Lamps Are Inoperative - Both Trailer Turn Signals/Stoplamps/Hazard Lamps
            • Pinpoint Test AA: The Trailer Lamps Are Inoperative - RH Trailer Turn Signals/Stoplamps/Hazard Lamps
            • Pinpoint Test AB: The Trailer Lamps Are Inoperative - LH Trailer Turn Signals/Stoplamps/Hazard Lamps
            • Pinpoint Test AC: The Trailer Lamps Are Inoperative - Parking Lamps
      • General Procedures
        • Headlamp Adjustment
          • Headlamp Aiming
          • Photometric Aiming
          • Screen Method Aiming
            • All Headlamp Types
          • Mechanical Aiming
      • Removal & Installation
        • Headlamp Bulb
          • Removal & Installation
        • High Mounted STOPLAMP Bulb - Explorer Sport
          • Removal & Installation
        • Headlamp Assembly
          • Removal & Installation
        • Parking Lamp
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Lamp Assembly - Sport TRAC
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Lamp Assembly - Explorer Sport
          • Removal & Installation
        • Fog Lamp
          • Removal & Installation
        • Headlamp Switch
          • Removal & Installation
        • Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch
          • Removal & Installation
        • Fog Lamp Switch
          • Removal & Installation
  • Gauges & Instrument Panels
    • Instrument Cluster
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Instrument Cluster
          • Notes
          • Instrument Cluster Display
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Instrument Cluster
          • Instrument Cluster Wiring Diagrams
          • Special Tools
          • Principles Of Operation
          • Printed Circuit
          • Gauge Indication Systems
            • Notes
            • Instrument Cluster Gauge Amplifier/Check Gage Module
            • Water Temperature Indicator Sender Unit
            • Oil Pressure Indicator Switch
            • Charge Indicator System
            • Vehicle Speed Signal
            • Speedometer
            • Odometer
            • Trip Odometer
            • Tachometer
            • Fuel Gauge
          • Warning Indicators
            • Brake System
            • Charging System Warning Indicator
            • CHECK ENGINE Light
            • Air Bag
            • Safety Belt
            • Low Fuel
            • Door Ajar
            • High Beam
            • Overdrive (O/D) Off
            • Anti-Theft
            • Speed Control
            • CHECK FUEL CAP Indicator
            • Check Gage
          • Inspection & Verification
            • Notes
            • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: Incorrect Fuel Gauge Indication
            • Pinpoint Test B: Incorrect Temperature Gauge Indication
            • Pinpoint Test C: Incorrect Oil Pressure Gauge Indication
            • Pinpoint Test D: Inaccurate Speedometer Reading
            • Pinpoint Test E: The Speedometer/Odometer Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test F: The Tachometer Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test G: Incorrect Tachometer Indication
            • Pinpoint Test H: The Charging System Warning Indicator Is Never On
            • Pinpoint Test I: The Anti-Lock Brake Warning Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test J: The Anti-Lock Brake Warning Indicator Is Always On
            • Pinpoint Test K: The Check Fuel Cap Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test L: The High Beam Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test M: The Check Engine Warning Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test N: The LH Turn Signal Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test O: The RH Turn Signal Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test P: The O/D Off Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test Q: The Speed Control Indicator Is Never On
            • Pinpoint Test R: The Red Brake Warning Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test S: The Check Gage Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test T: The Door Ajar Indicator Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test U: The Safety Belt Warning Indicator Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test V: The 4X4 HIGH, 4X4 LOW Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test W: The Air Bag Indicator Is Inoperative
          • Component Tests
            • Gauge Test - Magnetic Gauge Test
            • Gauge Test - Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge
            • Gauge Test - Oil Pressure Gauge/Oil Pressure Switch
            • Gauge Test - Odometer Accuracy Test
      • Removal & Installation
        • Instrument Cluster
        • Instrument Cluster Printed Circuit
        • Instrument Cluster Lens
        • Warning Indicator Bulb
        • Gauges
    • Instrument Panel & Console
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Instrument Panel
        • Console - Overhead
        • Console - Floor
      • Removal & Installation
        • Instrument Panel
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Floor Console - High Series
          • Removal & Installation
        • Floor Console - Base Series
          • Removal & Installation
        • Overhead Console
          • Removal & Installation
  • Headlights
    • Daytime Running Lamps
      • Description And Operation
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
          • Notes
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Principles of Operation
            • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
            • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: The Daytime Running Lamps Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test B: The Daytime Running Lamps Are On With The Ignition Switch Off
            • Pinpoint Test C: The Daytime Running Lamps Are Inoperative-The Low Beam Headlamps Are On At Full Intensity In DRL Mode
      • Removal And Installation
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) Module
          • Removal and Installation
  • Horns
    • Specifications
      • Torque Specifications
    • Description & Operation
      • Horn
        • Notes
        • Horn Switch, Steering Wheel Mounted
    • Diagnosis & Testing
      • Horn
        • Notes
        • Special Tools
        • Inspection & Verification
        • Symptom Chart
        • Pinpoint Tests
          • Pinpoint Test A: The Horn Does Not Sound
          • Pinpoint Test B: The Horn Sounds Continuously With Central Security Module
    • Removal & Installation
      • Horn
        • Removal & Installation
      • Horn Switch
        • Removal & Installation
  • Interior/Illumination Lights
    • Interior Lighting
      • Description And Operation
        • Interior Lighting
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Interior Lighting
          • Notes
          • Principles of Operation
          • Inspection and Verification
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: The Interior Lamps Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test B: The Interior Lamps Do Not Turn On With One Door Open
            • Pinpoint Test C: The Interior Lamps Stay On Continuously
            • Pinpoint Test D: The Illuminated Entry Is Inoperative When Using The Remote Transmitter
            • Pinpoint Test E: The Battery Saver Does Not Deactivate After Timeout
            • Pinpoint Test F: An Individual Demand Lighting Lamp Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test G: An Individual Interior Lamp Or Puddle Lamp Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test H: The Interior Lamps Are Inoperative - When The Liftgate Is Open
            • Pinpoint Test I: The Interior Lamps Are Inoperative - When The Liftgate Glass Is Open
      • Removal And Installation
        • Interior/Map Reading Lamp - Front or Rear
          • Removal and Installation
  • Rear View Mirrors
    • Specifications
      • Torque Specifications
    • Description & Operation
      • Rear View Mirrors
    • Diagnosis & Testing
      • Rear View Mirrors
        • Wiring Diagrams
        • Special Tools
        • Inspection & Verification
        • Symptom Chart
        • Pinpoint Tests
          • Pinpoint Test A: The Mirrors Are Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test B: A Single Mirror Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test C: A Single Mirror Does Not Function With Switch Logic
          • Pinpoint Test D: The Auto Dimming Mirror Does Not Operate Correctly
    • Removal & Installation
      • Exterior Mirror
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Exterior Mirror Motor
      • Exterior Mirror Glass
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Interior Mirror
        • Special Tools
        • Removal
        • Installation
  • Seats
    • Specifications
      • Torque Specifications
    • Description & Operation
      • Seats
        • Notes
        • Side Air Bag
    • Diagnosis & Testing
      • Seats
        • Wiring Diagrams
        • Special Tools
        • Restraint System Diagnostic Tool Warning
        • Inspection & Verification
        • Symptom Chart
        • Pinpoint Tests
          • Pinpoint Test A: The Power Seat Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test B: The Power Seat Is Inoperative - Leather High-Back Seat With Side Air Bag
          • Pinpoint Test C: The Power Seat Moves But Is Noisy
          • Pinpoint Test D: The Power Seat Moves But Is Loose
          • Pinpoint Test E: The Power Seat Does Not Make Full Travel
          • Pinpoint Test F: The Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically
          • Pinpoint Test G: The Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically - Leather High-Back Seat With Side Air Bag
    • General Procedures
      • Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) Deactivation & Reactivation
        • Special Tools
        • Deactivation
        • Reactivation
    • Removal & Installation
      • Seat Control Switch - With Side Air Bag
        • Special Tools
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Seat Control Switch - Without Side Air Bag
        • Removal & Installation
      • Front Seat Backrest - With Side Air Bag
        • Special Tools
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front Seat Backrest - Without Side Air Bag
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front Seat Backrest - Manual With E-Z Entry
        • Removal & Installation
      • Rear Seat Backrest - 50/50 Split Bench
        • Special Tools
        • Removal & Installation
      • Rear Seat Backrest - 60/40 Split Bench
        • Removal & Installation
      • Driver Seat
        • Special Tools
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Passenger Seat
        • Special Tools
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Seat - 50/50 Split Bench
        • Removal & Installation
      • Rear Seat - 60/40 Split Bench
        • Removal & Installation
      • Seat Track - Front Manual
        • Special Tools
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Seat Track - Front Power
        • Special Tools
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front Seat Cushion
        • Special Tools
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Seat Cushion - 60/40 Split Bench
        • Removal & Installation
      • Rear Seat Cushion - 50/50 Split Bench
        • Removal & Installation
    • Disassembly & Assembly
      • Front Seat Cushion - Manual With E-Z Entry
        • Special Tools
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Front Seat Cushion - With Side Air Bag
        • Special Tools
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Front Seat Cushion - Without Side Air Bag
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Rear Seat Cushion - 40 Percent Portion Of 60/40 Split Bench
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Rear Seat Cushion - 50/50 Split Bench
        • Disassembly & Assembly
      • Rear Seat Cushion - 60 Percent Portion Of 60/40 Split Bench
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Front Seat Backrest - High Back
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Front Seat Backrest - With Side Air Bag
        • Special Tools
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Front Seat Backrest - Without Side Air Bag
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Rear Seat Backrest - 40 Percent Portion Of 60/40 Split Bench
        • Disassembly & Assembly
      • Rear Seat Backrest - 50/50 Split Bench
        • Disassembly & Assembly
      • Rear Seat Backrest - 60 Percent Portion Of 60/40 Split Bench
        • Disassembly & Assembly
  • Steering Column Switches
    • Specifications
    • Description & Operation
      • Steering Column Switches
    • Diagnosis & Testing
      • Steering Column Switches
        • Wiring Diagrams
        • Special Tools
        • Inspection & Verification
        • GEM/CTM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
        • Symptom Chart
        • Pinpoint Tests
          • Pinpoint Test A: The Ignition Switch Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test B: No Power In ACC
          • Pinpoint Test C: No Power In Run
          • Pinpoint Test D: No Power In Start
    • Removal & Installation
      • MULTIFUNCTION Switch
        • Removal & Installation
      • Ignition Switch
        • Removal & Installation
  • Warning Systems
    • Instrument Cluster
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Instrument Cluster
          • Notes
          • Instrument Cluster Display
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Instrument Cluster
          • Instrument Cluster Wiring Diagrams
          • Special Tools
          • Principles Of Operation
          • Printed Circuit
          • Gauge Indication Systems
            • Notes
            • Instrument Cluster Gauge Amplifier/Check Gage Module
            • Water Temperature Indicator Sender Unit
            • Oil Pressure Indicator Switch
            • Charge Indicator System
            • Vehicle Speed Signal
            • Speedometer
            • Odometer
            • Trip Odometer
            • Tachometer
            • Fuel Gauge
          • Warning Indicators
            • Brake System
            • Charging System Warning Indicator
            • CHECK ENGINE Light
            • Air Bag
            • Safety Belt
            • Low Fuel
            • Door Ajar
            • High Beam
            • Overdrive (O/D) Off
            • Anti-Theft
            • Speed Control
            • CHECK FUEL CAP Indicator
            • Check Gage
          • Inspection & Verification
            • Notes
            • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: Incorrect Fuel Gauge Indication
            • Pinpoint Test B: Incorrect Temperature Gauge Indication
            • Pinpoint Test C: Incorrect Oil Pressure Gauge Indication
            • Pinpoint Test D: Inaccurate Speedometer Reading
            • Pinpoint Test E: The Speedometer/Odometer Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test F: The Tachometer Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test G: Incorrect Tachometer Indication
            • Pinpoint Test H: The Charging System Warning Indicator Is Never On
            • Pinpoint Test I: The Anti-Lock Brake Warning Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test J: The Anti-Lock Brake Warning Indicator Is Always On
            • Pinpoint Test K: The Check Fuel Cap Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test L: The High Beam Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test M: The Check Engine Warning Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test N: The LH Turn Signal Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test O: The RH Turn Signal Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test P: The O/D Off Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test Q: The Speed Control Indicator Is Never On
            • Pinpoint Test R: The Red Brake Warning Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test S: The Check Gage Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test T: The Door Ajar Indicator Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test U: The Safety Belt Warning Indicator Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test V: The 4X4 HIGH, 4X4 LOW Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test W: The Air Bag Indicator Is Inoperative
          • Component Tests
            • Gauge Test - Magnetic Gauge Test
            • Gauge Test - Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge
            • Gauge Test - Oil Pressure Gauge/Oil Pressure Switch
            • Gauge Test - Odometer Accuracy Test
      • Removal & Installation
        • Instrument Cluster
        • Instrument Cluster Printed Circuit
        • Instrument Cluster Lens
        • Warning Indicator Bulb
        • Gauges
    • Warning Devices
      • Description & Operation
        • Warning Devices
          • Notes
          • Audible Warnings
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Gauges & Warning Devices
          • Wiring Diagrams
          • Special Tools
          • Principles Of Operation
            • Safety Belt Warning Chime
            • Belt Minder
            • Door Ajar Warning Chime
            • Headlamp On Warning Chime
          • Inspection & Verification
            • Notes
            • GEM/CTM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
            • Gauges & Warning Devices Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Notes
            • Pinpoint Test A: The Safety Belt Warning Chime Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test B: The Headlamp On Reminder Chime Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test C: The Key In Ignition Warning Chime Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test D: The Door Ajar Chime Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test E: The Belt Minder Feature Does Not Operate Correctly - Early Production
            • Pinpoint Test F: The Belt Minder Feature Does Not Operate Correctly - Cannot Be Reconfigured - Early Production
      • General Procedures
        • Belt Minder Deactivating/Activating
          • Preparation
          • Deactivating/Activating
      • Removal & Installation
        • Switch - Key-In-Ignition Warning
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Module - Belt Minder
  • Window Motors & Regulators
    • Glass, Frames & Mechanisms
      • Specifications
        • General Specification
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Glass, Frames & Mechanisms
        • Glass, Frames & Mechanisms - Window Control
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Glass, Frames & Mechanisms
          • Wiring Diagrams
          • Special Tools
          • Principles Of Operation
            • Features & Operation
            • Auto Mode
            • One-Touch Down Relay
            • Power Rear Window
          • Inspection & Verification
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTCs) Index
          • Symptom Chart
        • Pinpoint Tests
          • Pinpoint Test A: All Power Windows Are Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test B: The Driver Power Window Is Inoperative - Explorer Sport Trac
          • Pinpoint Test C: The Driver Power Window Is Inoperative - Explorer Sport
          • Pinpoint Test D: The Passenger Power Window Is Inoperative - Explorer Sport Trac
          • Pinpoint Test E: The Passenger Power Window Is Inoperative - Explorer Sport
          • Pinpoint Test F: The Left Rear Power Window Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test G: The Right Rear Power Window Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test H: The One-Touch Down Feature Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test I: The Rear Window Will Not Defrost
          • Pinpoint Test J: The Heated Rear Window Will Not Shut Off Automatically
          • Pinpoint Test K: The Power Rear Window Is Inoperative - Explorer Sport Trac Only
      • General Procedures
        • Rear Window Motor Initialization
        • Rear Window Positioning
        • Heated Window Grid Wire Repair
          • Special Tool(s)
        • Lead Terminal Repair
      • Removal & Installation
        • Window Control Switch
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Door Window Glass
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Door Window Glass
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Quarter Window Glass - Movable Quarter
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Quarter Window Glass - Fixed
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Rear Window Glass - Power
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Window Glass - Fixed
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Window Glass - Motor
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Window Glass - Regulator
          • Removal & Installation
        • Liftgate Window Glass
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Door Window Regulator Motor
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Door Window Regulator Motor
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Door Window Regulator
          • Special Tools
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Door Window Regulator
          • Special Tools
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Door Glass Top Run
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Door Glass Top Run
          • Removal & Installation
        • Windshield Glass
          • Special Tools
          • Removal
          • Installation
  • Wiper/Washer Systems
    • Wipers & Washers
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Wipers & Washers
          • Windshield Wipers & Washers
          • Rear Window Wipers & Washers
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Wipers & Washers
          • Wiring Diagrams
          • Special Tools
          • Principals Of Operation
            • Front Wiper Washer
            • Dwell Intervals For Each Switch State
            • Rear Wiper Washer
          • Inspection & Verification
            • Notes
            • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: The Windshield Wipers Are Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test B: The Windshield Wipers Stay On Continuously
            • Pinpoint Test C: The High/Low Wiper Speeds Do Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test D: The Intermittent Wiper Mode Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test E: The Windshield Washer Pump Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test F: The Speed Dependent Interval Mode Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test G: The Low Speed Wipers Do Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test H: The Rear Wipers Stay On Continuously
            • Pinpoint Test I: The Rear Washer Pump Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test J: The Rear Wiper Is Inoperative - Early Build
            • Pinpoint Test K: The Rear Wiper Does Not Operate Correctly - Early Build
            • Pinpoint Test L: The Rear Wiper Is Inoperative - Late Build
          • Component Test
            • Windshield Wiper Motor
      • General Procedures
        • Windshield Wiper Blade & Pivot Arm Adjustment
      • Removal & Installation
        • Wiper Pivot Arm - Front
          • Removal & Installation
        • Wiper Pivot Arm - Rear
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Wiper Mounting Arm & Pivot Shaft
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Windshield Wiper Motor
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Rear Window Wiper Switch
          • Removal
        • Rear Window Wiper Motor
          • Removal & Installation
        • Washer Pump & Reservoir - Front
          • Removal & Installation
• Body & Frame
  • Door Locks
    • Anti-Theft - Pats
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Anti-Theft - Passive
          • Wiring Diagrams
          • Special Tools
          • Principles of Operation
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Powertrain Control Module Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: No Antenna Detected
            • Pinpoint Test B: PATS Ignition Key Transponder Signal Is Not Received
            • Pinpoint Test C: PATS Received Incorrect Key-Code From Ignition Key Transponder
            • Pinpoint Test D: PATS Received Invalid Format Of Key-Code From Ignition Key Transponder
            • Pinpoint Test E: The PATS Transceiver Module Signal Is Not Received
            • Pinpoint Test F: Anti-Theft Number Of Programmed Keys Is Below Minimum
            • Pinpoint Test G: The Anti-Theft Indicator Is Always/Never On
            • Pinpoint Test H: The Vehicle Does Not Start
      • General Procedures
        • Key Programming Using Two Programmed Keys
        • Key Programming Using Diagnostic Equipment
          • Special Tools
          • Key Programming
        • Key Programming Switch State Control
          • Special Tools
          • Key Programming Switch State Control
          • Unlimited Key Mode Programming
            • Enabling Unlimited Key Mode
            • Disabling Unlimited Key Mode
        • Spare Key Programming
          • Special Tools
          • Spare Key Programming
        • Anti-Theft Security Access
          • Special Tools
          • Anti-Theft Security Access
      • Removal & Installation
        • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats) Transceiver
          • Removal
    • Handles, Locks, Latches & Entry Systems
      • Specifications
        • General Specification
        • Lock Repair/Replacement Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Handles, Locks, Latches & Entry Systems
          • Notes
          • Keyless Entry
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Locks, Latches & Entry Systems - Non Module Controlled
          • Wiring Diagrams
          • Special Tools
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Symptom Chart
        • Pinpoint Tests
          • Pinpoint Test A: A Single Door Lock Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test B: All The Door Locks Are Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test C: The Door Locks Operate Only One Way
          • Pinpoint Test D: All Door Locks Are Inoperative From The Driver Door Lock Control Switch
          • Pinpoint Test E: All Door Locks Are Inoperative From The Passenger Door Lock Control Switch
          • Pinpoint Test F: All Door Locks Are Inoperative From The Liftgate Door Lock Control Switch
          • Pinpoint Test G: All Door Locks Are Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test H: A Passenger Door Lock Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test I: A Driver Door Lock Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test J: The Autolock Does Not Operate Correctly
          • Pinpoint Test K: The Doors Do Not Lock/Unlock Using The Keyless Entry Keypad
          • Pinpoint Test L: The Doors Do Not Lock/Unlock Using The Keyless Entry Remote Transmitter
          • Pinpoint Test M: Remote Keyless Entry Transmitter Out Of Synchronization
          • Pinpoint Test N: Panic Feature Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
          • Pinpoint Test O: The Keyless Entry Keypad Illumination Is Inoperative
        • Locks, Latches & Entry Systems - Module Controlled
          • Locks, Latches & Entry Systems - Module Controlled Wiring Diagrams
          • Special Tools
          • Principles Of Operation
            • Power Door Locks
            • Keyless Entry
            • Autolocks
        • Inspection & Verification
          • Notes
          • Central Security Module Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
      • General Procedures
        • Remote Transmitter Programming
        • Keyless Entry Keypad Code Programming
        • AUTOLOCK & Horn Chirp Programming
      • Removal & Installation
        • Hood Latch
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Front Door Latch
          • Special Tools
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Door Latch
          • Special Tools
          • Removal & Installation
        • Tailgate Latch
          • Removal & Installation
        • Liftgate Latch
          • Removal & Installation
        • Liftgate Latch - Window
          • Removal & Installation
          • Installation
        • Hood Latch Release Handle
          • Removal & Installation
        • Exterior Door Handle
          • Special Tools
          • Removal & Installation
        • Interior Door Handle
          • Removal
        • Liftgate Release Handle
          • Special Tools
          • Removal & Installation
        • Tailgate Release Handle
          • Removal & Installation
        • Door Lock Cylinder
          • Removal
        • Liftgate Lock Cylinder
          • Removal & Installation
        • Tailgate Lock Cylinder
          • Removal & Installation
        • Tonneau Cover Lock Cylinder
          • Removal & Installation
        • Liftgate Latch Remote Control
          • Removal & Installation
        • Tailgate Latch Remote Control
          • Removal & Installation
        • Tonneau Cover Latch Release Cable
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Push Button Rod - Rear
          • Special Tools
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Door Lock Actuator
          • Special Tools
          • Removal & Installation
        • Liftgate Latch Actuator
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Door Ajar Switch
          • Removal & Installation
        • Door Ajar Switch - Liftgate
        • Keyless Entry Keypad
          • Removal & Installation
    • Passive Anti-Theft System Job Aid
      • Passive Anti-Theft System (Pats) Specifications
        • Ford System (Pats) Specifications
        • LINCOLN System (Pats) Specifications
        • Mercury System (Pats) Specifications
      • Pats Key Types
      • Diagnostic Trouble Codes
      • Non-Pats Issues
      • Things To Do:
      • Things Not To Do:
      • Programming Procedures
        • Notes
        • Key Programming Using Diagnostic Tools
          • Procedure #1
          • Procedure #2
          • Procedure #3
        • Spare Key Programming Using Diagnostic Tools
          • Procedure #4
        • Spare Key Programming Using Programmed Keys
          • Procedure #5
          • Procedure #6
        • Replacing Pats Control Module Or Pcm
          • Procedure #7
          • Procedure #8
    • Remote Keyless Entry System [Transmitter Programming Procedures]
      • Programming Methods & Transmitter Types
        • Programming Method And Transmitter Type Application
        • Transmitter Type Identification
        • Programming Methods
          • Programming Method A
          • Programming Method D
          • Programming Method I
          • Programming Method K
          • Programming Method L
          • Programming Method M
          • Programming Method N
          • Programming Method O
      • Helpful Hints
        • Remote Entry Programming Procedure
        • Poor Operating Range Performance
        • Miscellaneous
  • Rear View Mirrors
    • Specifications
      • Torque Specifications
    • Description & Operation
      • Rear View Mirrors
    • Diagnosis & Testing
      • Rear View Mirrors
        • Wiring Diagrams
        • Special Tools
        • Inspection & Verification
        • Symptom Chart
        • Pinpoint Tests
          • Pinpoint Test A: The Mirrors Are Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test B: A Single Mirror Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test C: A Single Mirror Does Not Function With Switch Logic
          • Pinpoint Test D: The Auto Dimming Mirror Does Not Operate Correctly
    • Removal & Installation
      • Exterior Mirror
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Exterior Mirror Motor
      • Exterior Mirror Glass
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Interior Mirror
        • Special Tools
        • Removal
        • Installation
  • Seats
    • Specifications
      • Torque Specifications
    • Description & Operation
      • Seats
        • Notes
        • Side Air Bag
    • Diagnosis & Testing
      • Seats
        • Wiring Diagrams
        • Special Tools
        • Restraint System Diagnostic Tool Warning
        • Inspection & Verification
        • Symptom Chart
        • Pinpoint Tests
          • Pinpoint Test A: The Power Seat Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test B: The Power Seat Is Inoperative - Leather High-Back Seat With Side Air Bag
          • Pinpoint Test C: The Power Seat Moves But Is Noisy
          • Pinpoint Test D: The Power Seat Moves But Is Loose
          • Pinpoint Test E: The Power Seat Does Not Make Full Travel
          • Pinpoint Test F: The Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically
          • Pinpoint Test G: The Power Seat Does Not Move Horizontally/Vertically - Leather High-Back Seat With Side Air Bag
    • General Procedures
      • Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) Deactivation & Reactivation
        • Special Tools
        • Deactivation
        • Reactivation
    • Removal & Installation
      • Seat Control Switch - With Side Air Bag
        • Special Tools
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Seat Control Switch - Without Side Air Bag
        • Removal & Installation
      • Front Seat Backrest - With Side Air Bag
        • Special Tools
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front Seat Backrest - Without Side Air Bag
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front Seat Backrest - Manual With E-Z Entry
        • Removal & Installation
      • Rear Seat Backrest - 50/50 Split Bench
        • Special Tools
        • Removal & Installation
      • Rear Seat Backrest - 60/40 Split Bench
        • Removal & Installation
      • Driver Seat
        • Special Tools
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Passenger Seat
        • Special Tools
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Seat - 50/50 Split Bench
        • Removal & Installation
      • Rear Seat - 60/40 Split Bench
        • Removal & Installation
      • Seat Track - Front Manual
        • Special Tools
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Seat Track - Front Power
        • Special Tools
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Front Seat Cushion
        • Special Tools
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Rear Seat Cushion - 60/40 Split Bench
        • Removal & Installation
      • Rear Seat Cushion - 50/50 Split Bench
        • Removal & Installation
    • Disassembly & Assembly
      • Front Seat Cushion - Manual With E-Z Entry
        • Special Tools
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Front Seat Cushion - With Side Air Bag
        • Special Tools
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Front Seat Cushion - Without Side Air Bag
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Rear Seat Cushion - 40 Percent Portion Of 60/40 Split Bench
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Rear Seat Cushion - 50/50 Split Bench
        • Disassembly & Assembly
      • Rear Seat Cushion - 60 Percent Portion Of 60/40 Split Bench
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Front Seat Backrest - High Back
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Front Seat Backrest - With Side Air Bag
        • Special Tools
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Front Seat Backrest - Without Side Air Bag
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Rear Seat Backrest - 40 Percent Portion Of 60/40 Split Bench
        • Disassembly & Assembly
      • Rear Seat Backrest - 50/50 Split Bench
        • Disassembly & Assembly
      • Rear Seat Backrest - 60 Percent Portion Of 60/40 Split Bench
        • Disassembly & Assembly
  • Sun Roof/T-Top/Convertible Top
    • Roof Opening Panel
      • Specifications
        • General Specification
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Roof Opening Panel
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Roof Opening Panel
          • Special Tools
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: The Roof Opening Panel Has Excessive Wind Noise
            • Pinpoint Test B: The Roof Opening Panel Leaks
            • Pinpoint Test C: The Roof Opening Panel Rattles
            • Pinpoint Test D: The Roof Opening Panel Is Noisy During Operation
            • Pinpoint Test E: The Roof Opening Panel Does Not Open Or Close
      • General Procedures
        • Manual Operation
        • Roof Opening Panel Alignment
      • Removal & Installation
        • Roof Opening Panel
          • Removal & Installation
        • Roof Opening Panel Shield
          • Removal & Installation
        • Roof Opening Panel Motor
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Air Deflector
          • Removal & Installation
        • Roof Opening Panel Frame
          • Removal & Installation
        • Roof Opening Panel Control Switch
          • Removal & Installation
  • Windows
    • Glass, Frames & Mechanisms
      • Specifications
        • General Specification
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Glass, Frames & Mechanisms
        • Glass, Frames & Mechanisms - Window Control
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Glass, Frames & Mechanisms
          • Wiring Diagrams
          • Special Tools
          • Principles Of Operation
            • Features & Operation
            • Auto Mode
            • One-Touch Down Relay
            • Power Rear Window
          • Inspection & Verification
          • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTCs) Index
          • Symptom Chart
        • Pinpoint Tests
          • Pinpoint Test A: All Power Windows Are Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test B: The Driver Power Window Is Inoperative - Explorer Sport Trac
          • Pinpoint Test C: The Driver Power Window Is Inoperative - Explorer Sport
          • Pinpoint Test D: The Passenger Power Window Is Inoperative - Explorer Sport Trac
          • Pinpoint Test E: The Passenger Power Window Is Inoperative - Explorer Sport
          • Pinpoint Test F: The Left Rear Power Window Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test G: The Right Rear Power Window Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test H: The One-Touch Down Feature Is Inoperative
          • Pinpoint Test I: The Rear Window Will Not Defrost
          • Pinpoint Test J: The Heated Rear Window Will Not Shut Off Automatically
          • Pinpoint Test K: The Power Rear Window Is Inoperative - Explorer Sport Trac Only
      • General Procedures
        • Rear Window Motor Initialization
        • Rear Window Positioning
        • Heated Window Grid Wire Repair
          • Special Tool(s)
        • Lead Terminal Repair
      • Removal & Installation
        • Window Control Switch
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Door Window Glass
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Door Window Glass
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Quarter Window Glass - Movable Quarter
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Quarter Window Glass - Fixed
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Rear Window Glass - Power
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Window Glass - Fixed
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Window Glass - Motor
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Window Glass - Regulator
          • Removal & Installation
        • Liftgate Window Glass
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Door Window Regulator Motor
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Door Window Regulator Motor
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Door Window Regulator
          • Special Tools
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Door Window Regulator
          • Special Tools
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Door Glass Top Run
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Door Glass Top Run
          • Removal & Installation
        • Windshield Glass
          • Special Tools
          • Removal
          • Installation
• Brakes
  • Anti-Lock Brakes
    • Torque Specifications
    • Description & Operation
      • Anti-Lock Control - (4WABS)
        • Anti-Lock Control System Components
    • Diagnosis & Testing
      • Anti-Lock Control
        • Anti-Lock Control
        • Special Tools
        • Principles Of Operation
        • Hydraulic Control Unit
        • Anti-Lock Brake Control Module
        • Anti-Lock Brake Sensor
        • Inspection & Verification
        • Warning Lamp Indicators
        • Anti-Lock Brake Control Module Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
        • Anti-Lock Brake Control Module Parameter Identification (PID) Index
        • Anti-Lock Brake Control Module Active Command Index
        • Symptom Chart
        • Pinpoint Tests
          • Pinpoint Test A: No Communication With The Module - Anti-Lock Brake Control Module
          • Pinpoint Test B: DTC B1676 - Battery Voltage Out Of Range
          • Pinpoint Test C: DTCS C1145, C1155 & C1230 - Anti-Lock Brake Sensor Circuit Failure
          • Pinpoint Test D: DTCS C1233, C1234 & C1237 - Anti-Lock Brake Sensor Output Failure
          • Pinpoint Test E: DTC C1095 - Hydraulic Pump Motor Circuit Failure
          • Pinpoint Test F: The Yellow ABS Warning Indicator Does Not Self-Check
          • Pinpoint Test G: DTC B2607 Harness/Configuration Mismatch
          • Pinpoint Test H: Yellow ABS Light Always On, No DTCS
    • Removal & Installation
      • Hydraulic Control Unit
        • Removal & Installation
      • Module - Anti-Lock Brake Control
        • Removal & Installation
      • SENSOR - FRONT 4x2
        • Removal & Installation
      • SENSOR - FRONT 4x4
        • Removal & Installation
      • Sensor - Rear
        • Removal & Installation
      • SENSOR INDICATOR - FRONT 4x2
        • Removal & Installation
      • SENSOR INDICATOR - FRONT 4x4
        • Removal & Installation
      • Sensor Indicator - Rear
        • Removal & Installation
  • Mechanical - Hydraulic
    • Disc Brakes & Drum Brakes
      • Description & Operation
        • Brake System
          • Hydraulic Brake Actuation
          • Front Disc Brakes
          • Rear Disc Brakes
          • Rear Drum Brakes
        • Parking Brake
          • Notes
          • With Drum Brakes
          • With Rear Disc Brakes
        • System Components
          • Brake Booster
          • Master Cylinder
          • Speed Control Deactivator Switch
      • Bleeding Brake System
        • Notes
        • Manual Bleeding
          • Notes
          • Caliper
          • Master Cylinder Bleeding (Bench)
          • Master Cylinder Bleeding (On-Vehicle)
          • 4-Wheel Anti-Lock Brake Hydraulic Control Unit
          • Gravity Bleeding
          • System Bleeding
        • Pressure Bleeding
        • Bleeding Sequence
      • Adjustments
        • Parking Brake
          • Notes
          • Parking Brake Shoe Adjustment
        • Brake Shoes
          • Drums Removed
          • Drums Installed
        • Disc Pads
      • Component Tests
        • Brake Warning Light
        • Master Cylinder
          • Bypass Condition Test
          • Compensator Port Check
        • Vacuum Power Booster
        • Vacuum Booster Check Valve
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Backing Plate
          • Removal & Installation
        • Brake Drum
          • Removal & Installation
        • Brake Pedal & Bracket
          • Removal & Installation
        • Brake Shoes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Calipers & Pads
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Disc Shield (Front)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Disc Shield (Rear)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Front Brake Disc
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Inspection
          • Installation
        • Master Cylinder
          • Removal & Installation
        • Parking Brake
          • Removal & Installation (Control)
          • Removal & Installation (Front Cable & Conduit)
          • Removal & Installation (Rear Parking Brake Cable)
          • Removal & Installation (Shoes)
        • Rear Brake Disc
          • Removal & Installation
        • Vacuum Power Booster
          • Removal & Installation
        • Wheel Cylinders
          • Removal & Installation
      • Overhaul
        • Disc Brake Caliper
          • Disassembly
          • Cleaning & Inspection
          • Reassembly
        • Master Cylinder
        • Wheel Cylinders
      • Torque Specifications
      • Brake Specifications
  • Traction Control
    • Anti-Lock Brakes
      • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Anti-Lock Control - (4WABS)
          • Anti-Lock Control System Components
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Anti-Lock Control
          • Anti-Lock Control
          • Special Tools
          • Principles Of Operation
          • Hydraulic Control Unit
          • Anti-Lock Brake Control Module
          • Anti-Lock Brake Sensor
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Warning Lamp Indicators
          • Anti-Lock Brake Control Module Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Anti-Lock Brake Control Module Parameter Identification (PID) Index
          • Anti-Lock Brake Control Module Active Command Index
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: No Communication With The Module - Anti-Lock Brake Control Module
            • Pinpoint Test B: DTC B1676 - Battery Voltage Out Of Range
            • Pinpoint Test C: DTCS C1145, C1155 & C1230 - Anti-Lock Brake Sensor Circuit Failure
            • Pinpoint Test D: DTCS C1233, C1234 & C1237 - Anti-Lock Brake Sensor Output Failure
            • Pinpoint Test E: DTC C1095 - Hydraulic Pump Motor Circuit Failure
            • Pinpoint Test F: The Yellow ABS Warning Indicator Does Not Self-Check
            • Pinpoint Test G: DTC B2607 Harness/Configuration Mismatch
            • Pinpoint Test H: Yellow ABS Light Always On, No DTCS
      • Removal & Installation
        • Hydraulic Control Unit
          • Removal & Installation
        • Module - Anti-Lock Brake Control
          • Removal & Installation
        • SENSOR - FRONT 4x2
          • Removal & Installation
        • SENSOR - FRONT 4x4
          • Removal & Installation
        • Sensor - Rear
          • Removal & Installation
        • SENSOR INDICATOR - FRONT 4x2
          • Removal & Installation
        • SENSOR INDICATOR - FRONT 4x4
          • Removal & Installation
        • Sensor Indicator - Rear
          • Removal & Installation
• Drivelines & Axles
  • Axle Shafts (4WD)
    • Description & Operation
      • Axle Shafts
    • Service Precautions
      • Axle Shaft Handling
    • Lubrication
    • Trouble Shooting
      • Notes
      • Clicking, Popping Or Grinding Noises While Turning
        • Inadequate Or Contaminated Lubricant In Inner/Outer Axle Shaft CV Joint
        • Another Component Contacting Axle Shaft Assembly
        • Brake Components
        • Wheel Bearings, Suspension Or Steering Components
      • Shudder Vibration During Acceleration
        • High CV Joint Operating Angles Caused By Incorrect Ride Height
        • Front Suspension Components
        • Excessively Worn Or Damaged Inner Or Outer CV Joint
      • Vibration At Speeds Greater Than 35 Mph
        • Out Of Balance Or Out-Of-Round Tires
        • Incorrectly Seated Outer CV Joint In Front Wheel Hub
        • Lateral & Radial Tire & Wheel Runout
        • Worn CV Joint
    • Removal & Installation
      • Left Axle Shaft
        • Removal & Installation
      • Right Axle Shaft
        • Removal & Installation
    • Overhaul
      • Axle Shafts
        • Disassembly (Inner Joint)
        • Reassembly
        • Disassembly & Reassembly (Outer Joint)
    • Torque Specifications
  • Differentials & Drive Axles
    • Front Drive Axle/Differential - DANA 35
      • Specifications
        • General Specification
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Front Drive Axle & Differential
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Front Drive Axle
      • General Procedures
        • Axle & Differential Drain & Refill
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Axle & Differential Drain & Refill
      • In-Vehicle Repair
        • Axle Tube Bearing
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Drive Pinion Seal
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Removal & Installation
        • Axle Assembly - Front
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Removal & Installation
        • Bushing
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Disassembly & Assembly
        • Axle
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Differential Case
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
    • Rear Drive Axle/Differential
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Rear Drive Axle & Differential
      • In-Vehicle Repair
        • Axle Shaft
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Rear Wheel Bearing & Axle Shaft Oil Seal - Drum Brake
          • Special Tools
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Rear Wheel Bearing & Axle Shaft Oil Seal - Disc Brake
          • Special Tools
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Drive Pinion Flange & Drive Pinion Seal
          • Special Tools
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Differential Housing Cover
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Drive Pinion
          • Special Tools
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Differential Case
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Removal & Installation
        • Axle Housing
          • Removal & Installation
      • Disassembly & Assembly
        • Differential Case & Ring Gear - Conventional
          • Special Tools
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Differential Case & Ring Gear - Traction-LOK
          • Special Tools
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
  • Driveshaft & Universal Joints
    • Drive Shafts
      • Identification
      • Description
      • Trouble Shooting
        • Notes
        • Drive Shaft Angles
        • Drive Shaft RUNOUT
        • U-Joint Bearings
      • Removal & Installation
        • Front Drive Shaft
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Rear Drive Shaft (2WD)
          • Removal & Installation
        • Rear Drive Shaft (4WD)
          • Removal & Installation (Explorer, Mountaineer & Ranger)
          • Removal & Installation (Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport Trac)
        • Rear Drive Shaft Slip Yoke Boot
          • Removal & Installation
      • Overhaul
        • Notes
        • Single CARDAN Universal Joints
          • Notes
          • Removal & Disassembly
          • Reassembly & Installation
        • Drive Shaft Slip Yoke
          • Removal & Disassembly
          • Installation
      • Torque Specifications
• Electrical
  • Body Electrical
    • OEM Connector End Views
      • Connector End Views
        • A/C clutch solenoid connector end view (C100)
        • Crankshaft position sensor connector end view (C101)
        • Generator connector end view (C102a)
        • Generator connector end view (C102b)
        • Oil pressure switch connector end view (C103)
        • Knock sensor connector end view (C109)
        • Inline Connector end view (C110)
        • Speed control servo connector end view (C122)
        • Brake fluid level switch connector end view (C124)
        • Windshield wiper motor connector end view (C125)
        • Inline Connector end view (C126)
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor connector end view (C128)
        • Horn connector end view (C131)
        • Ambient air temperature sensor connector end view (C132)
        • ABS control module connector end view (C135)
        • Windshield washer pump motor connector end view (C137)
        • Inline Connector end view (C139)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #12 connector end view (C142)
        • Inline Connector end view (C144)
        • Inline Connector end view (C146)
        • Wheel speed sensor, left front connector end view (C150)
        • Fog lamp, left front connector end view (C152)
        • Wheel speed sensor, right front connector end view (C160)
        • Fog lamp, right front connector end view (C162)
        • Intermediate Shaft Speed (ISS) sensor connector end view (C164)
        • Digital Transmission Range (DTR) sensor connector end view (C167)
        • Reversing lamps switch connector end view (C169)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #11 connector end view (C171)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #21 connector end view (C172)
        • Ignition transformer capacitor 1 connector end view (C174)
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) connector end view (C175)
        • Camshaft position sensor connector end view (C180)
        • Injector 1 connector end view (C181)
        • Injector 2 connector end view (C182)
        • Injector 3 connector end view (C183)
        • Injector 4 connector end view (C184)
        • Injector 5 connector end view (C185)
        • Injector 6 connector end view (C186)
        • Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) connector end view (C189)
        • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) sensor connector end view (C193)
        • Starter motor connector end view (C197a)
        • Starter motor connector end view (C197b)
        • 5R55E Transmission connector end view (C199)
        • Multifunction switch connector end view (C202a)
        • Multifunction switch connector end view (C202b)
        • Main light switch connector end view (C205)
        • Instrument panel dimming module connector end view (C206)
        • Inline Connector end view (C210)
        • Inline Connector end view (C211)
        • Inline Connector end view (C212)
        • Inline Connector end view (C213)
        • Inline Connector end view (C214)
        • Inline Connector end view (C215)
        • Air bag sliding contact connector end view (C218a)
        • Air bag sliding contact connector end view (C218b)
        • Inline Connector end view (C219)
        • Instrument cluster connector end view (C220a)
        • Instrument cluster connector end view (C220b)
        • Instrument cluster connector end view (C220c)
        • Inline Connector end view (C237)
        • Inline Connector end view (C238)
        • Fog lamp switch connector end view (C240)
        • Rear window defrost switch connector end view (C241)
        • Ignition switch connector end view (C250)
        • Data Link Connector End View (DLC) connector end view (C251)
        • Glove box lamp connector end view (C254)
        • Passenger air bag module connector end view (C256)
        • Clutch pedal position switch connector end view (C257)
        • Inline Connector end view (C263)
        • Inline Connector end view (C264)
        • Central security module connector end view (C274a)
        • Central security module connector end view (C274b)
        • Brake pedal position switch connector end view (C278)
        • Transmission control switch connector end view (C279)
        • Four... wheel drive control module connector end view (C281a)
        • Four... wheel drive control module connector end view (C281b)
        • Inertia Fuel Shutoff (IFS) switch connector end view (C282)
        • Four... wheel drive switch connector end view (C284)
        • Temperature blend door actuator connector end view (C289)
        • Radio connector end view (C290a)
        • Radio connector end view (C290b)
        • Radio connector end view (C290c)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294a)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294b)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294c)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294d)
        • Side air bag sensor, right connector end view (C304)
        • Side air bag sensor, left connector end view (C305)
        • Inline Connector end view (C311)
        • Inline Connector end view (C312)
        • Inline Connector end view (C313)
        • Inline Connector end view (C314)
        • Inline Connector end view (C316)
        • Safety belt buckle switch connector end view (C323)
        • Inline Connector end view (C327)
        • Inline Connector end view (C328)
        • Side air bag module, right connector end view (C337)
        • Inline Connector end view (C339)
        • Inline Connector end view (C340)
        • Rear Integrated Control Panel (RICP) connector end view (C349)
        • Transfer case assembly connector end view (C350)
        • Rear window motor connector end view (C351)
        • Power seat motor assembly, left connector end view (C357)
        • Seat adjust switch, driver side front connector end view (C360)
        • Side air bag module, left connector end view (C367)
        • Seat adjust switch, driver side front connector end view (C369)
        • Power point, console connector end view (C380)
        • Speaker, left rear connector end view (C395)
        • Speaker, right rear connector end view (C396)
        • Rear window defrost grid connector end view (C402a)
        • Rear window defrost grid connector end view (C402b)
        • Inline Connector end view (C406)
        • Inline Connector end view (C408)
        • Inline Connector end view (C410)
        • Inline Connector end view (C411)
        • Inline Connector end view (C421)
        • Inline Connector end view (C422)
        • Fuel tank unit connector end view (C433)
        • Fuel tank pressure transducer sensor connector end view (C435)
        • Trailer tow connector end view (C439)
        • Evaporative emission (EVAP) canister vent value connector end view (C450)
        • Reversing lamp, left connector end view (C451)
        • License plate lamp, left connector end view (C452)
        • License plate lamp left connector end view (C454)
        • Rear axle speed sensor connector end view (C455)
        • Liftgate door lock switch connector end view (C456)
        • Liftgate lock actuator connector end view (C457)
        • Liftgate ajar switch, left connector end view (C458)
        • Liftgate ajar switch, right connector end view (C459)
        • Reversing lamp, right connector end view (C461)
        • License plate lamp, right connector end view (C462)
        • License plate lamp, right connector end view (C464)
        • Subwoofer amplifier connector end view (C466)
        • Rear window wiper disable switch connector end view (C467)
        • Power point, rear connector end view (C474)
        • Rear wiper motor assembly connector end view (C476)
        • Master window adjust switch connector end view (C504a)
        • Master window adjust switch connector end view (C504b)
        • Door lock switch driver side connector end view (C505)
        • Inline Connector end view (C510)
        • Exterior rear view mirror, driver side connector end view (C520)
        • Exterior rear view mirror driver side connector end view (C521)
        • Speaker, left front connector end view (C523)
        • Power window motor, driver side front connector end view (C524)
        • Door lock actuator, driver side connector end view (C525)
        • Door ajar switch, driver side front connector end view (C526a)
        • Door ajar switch, driver side front connector end view (C526b)
        • Exterior rear view mirror switch connector end view (C527)
        • Key pad switch assembly connector end view (C530)
        • Exterior rear view mirror, passenger side connector end view (C601)
        • Door ajar switch, passenger side front connector end view (C602a)
        • Door ajar switch, passenger side front connector end view (C602b)
        • Door lock actuator, passenger side connector end view (C603)
        • Window adjust switch, passenger side connector end view (C604)
        • Door lock switch, passenger side connector end view (C605)
        • Power window motor, passenger side front connector end view (C608)
        • Speaker, right front connector end view (C612)
        • Exterior rear view mirror, passenger side connector end view (C615)
        • Window adjust switch, left rear connector end view (C701)
        • Speaker, left rear connector end view (C702)
        • Power window motor, left rear connector end view (C703)
        • Door lock actuator, left rear connector end view (C704)
        • Door ajar switch, driver side rear connector end view (C715a)
        • Door ajar switch, driver side rear connector end view (C715b)
        • Window adjust switch, right rear connector end view (C801)
        • Speaker, right rear connector end view (C802)
        • Power window motor, right rear connector end view (C803)
        • Door lock actuator, right rear connector end view (C804)
        • Door ajar switch, passenger side rear connector end view (C820a)
        • Door ajar switch, passenger side rear connector end view (C820b)
        • High mounted stop lamp connector end view (C904)
        • Roof opening panel switch connector end view (C912)
        • Inline Connector end view (C919)
        • Roof opening panel module connector end view (C921)
        • Inline Connector end view (C922)
        • Inline Connector end view (C925)
        • Cargo lamp assembly connector end view (C927)
        • Overhead console connector end view (C930)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, front connector end view (C931a)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, front connector end view (C931b)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, rear connector end view (C932a)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, rear connector end view (C932b)
        • Autolamp sensor connector end view (C995)
        • Wiper high/low relay connector end view (C1001)
        • Wiper run/park relay connector end view (C1002)
        • Windshield washer relay connector end view (C1004)
        • Horn relay connector end view (C1006)
        • Fog lamp relay connector end view (C1007)
        • A/C clutch relay connector end view (C1008)
        • Blower motor relay connector end view (C1011)
        • PCM power relay connector end view (C1016)
        • Starter relay connector end view (C1017)
        • PCM power diode connector end view (C1018)
        • Headlamp, left connector end view (C1021)
        • Park/turn lamp, left front connector end view (C1023)
        • Deactivator switch connector end view (C1025)
        • EVAP canister purge valve connector end view (C1029)
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) module connector end view (C1030)
        • Heater blower motor connector end view (C1031)
        • Heater blower motor resistor, front connector end view (C1032)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) connector end view (C1035)
        • Rear window wiper raise relay connector end view (C1036)
        • Rear window wiper lower relay connector end view (C1037)
        • Fog lamp isolation relay connector end view (C1038)
        • Washer pump relay rear connector end view (C1039)
        • Headlamp, right connector end view (C1041)
        • Park/turn lamp, right front connector end view (C1043)
        • Fuel pump relay connector end view (C1051)
        • High speed fan control relay connector end view (C1056)
        • Rear wiper relay connector end view (C1059)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sender connector end view (C1061)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sensor connector end view (C1064)
        • Ignition coil connector end view (C1065)
        • Idle air control valve (IAC) connector end view (C1066)
        • Differential pressure feedback EGR (DPFE) sensor connector end view (C1068)
        • EGR vacuum regulator solenoid connector end view (C1072)
        • A/C high pressure switch connector end view (C1078)
        • A/C compressor cycling switch connector end view (C1081)
        • Park lamp relay connector end view (C1095)
        • Window safety relay connector end view (C1096)
        • Battery connector end view (C1100a)
        • Battery connector end view (C1100b)
        • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) sensor connector end view (C1107)
        • Rear window wiper/washer switch connector end view (C2000)
        • Brake shift interlock connector end view (C2008)
        • Ashtray illumination lamp connector end view (C2014)
        • Parking brake switch connector end view (C2015)
        • Rear window defrost relay connector end view (C2021)
        • Interior lamps relay connector end view (C2022)
        • Cigar lighter, front connector end view (C2031a)
        • Cigar lighter, front connector end view (C2031b)
        • Power point connector end view (C2033)
        • Restraints control module connector end view (C2041a)
        • Restraints control module connector end view (C2041b)
        • Indicator flasher relay connector end view (C2047)
        • Battery saver relay connector end view (C2048)
        • Trailer low relay connector end view (C2049)
        • One... touch window relay connector end view (C2051)
        • Window safety relay connector end view (C2058)
        • Park lamp relay connector end view (C2059)
        • Rear window adjust switch connector end view (C2060)
        • Passive anti... theft transceiver connector end view (C2097)
        • Genetic Electronic Module (GEM) connector end view (C2100a)
        • General Electronic Module (GEM) connector end view (C2100b)
        • Neutral tow switch connector end view (C2126)
        • Autolamp headlamp relay connector end view (C2233)
        • Autolamp dimmer relay connector end view (C2234)
        • Blower motor, rear connector end view (C3002)
        • Heater blower motor resistor, rear connector end view (C3003)
        • Function selector switch assembly, rear connector end view (C3006)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3007)
        • Subwoofer connector end view (C3020)
        • Subwoofer amplifier connector end view (C3041a)
        • Subwoofer amplifier connector end view (C3041b)
        • Subwoofer amplifier connector end view (C3041c)
        • Park/stop/turn lamp, right rear connector end view (C4032)
        • Fuel tank unit connector end view (C4033)
        • Park/stop/turn lamp, left rear connector end view (C4035)
        • Rear wiper motor assembly connector end view (C4171)
  • Charging Systems
    • Generators & Regulators
      • Identification
      • Description
      • Adjustments
        • Belt Tension
      • Trouble Shooting
      • On-Vehicle Testing
        • Battery Test With Digital Battery Analyzer
        • Battery Drain Test
        • Electronic Drains Which Shut Off When Battery Cable Is Disconnected
        • Generator Load Test
        • Generator No-Load Test
      • System Tests
        • Notes
        • Test A: Battery Is Discharged Or Voltage Is Low
        • Test B: Warning Indicator Is On With Engine Running, System Is Not Charging
        • Test C: System Overcharges, Battery Voltage Is Greater Than 15.5 Volts
        • Test D: Warning Indicator Is On With Engine Running, System Is Charging
        • Test E: Warning Indicator Is Off With Ignition Switch On & Engine Off
        • Test F: Warning Indicator Flickers Or Is Intermittent
        • Test G: Generator Noisy
        • Test H: Radio Interference
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Generator
          • Removal & Installation
      • Generator Specifications
        • 2002-03 General Specifications
        • 2004 General Specifications
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
        • 2002
        • 2003
        • 2004
  • Component Locations
    • Diagnostic Connector (DLC) Locations
      • Domestic Cars
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
      • Domestic Light Trucks & Vans
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
      • Imported Cars & Trucks
        • ACURA
        • AUDI
        • BENTLEY
        • BMW
        • DAIHATSU
        • CHRYSLER Group LLC
        • FERRARI
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
        • HONDA
        • HYUNDAI
        • INFINITI
        • ISUZU
        • Jaguar
        • KIA
        • Land Rover
        • LEXUS
        • MAZDA
        • MERCEDES-BENZ
        • MITSUBISHI
        • NISSAN
        • PEUGEOT
        • PORSCHE
        • RENAULT
        • Rolls-ROYCE
        • SAAB
        • SUBARU
        • SUZUKI
        • TOYOTA
        • VOLKSWAGEN
        • VOLVO
    • Electrical Component Locator
      • Buzzers, Relays & Timers
      • Circuit Protection Devices
      • Control Units
      • Motors
      • Sending Units & Sensors
      • Solenoids & Solenoid Valves
      • Switches
      • Miscellaneous
      • Connectors
      • Grounds
      • Splices
      • Component Location Graphics
  • Fuses & Circuit Breakers
    • Identification
      • Notes
      • AUTOLAMP Headlamp Relay
      • Auxiliary Relay Box 1
      • Auxiliary Relay Box 2
      • Battery Junction Box
      • Central Junction Box
      • Fusible Links A, B & C
      • Park Lamp Relay
      • Rear Window Defrost Relay
  • Gauges
    • Instrument Cluster
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Instrument Cluster
          • Notes
          • Instrument Cluster Display
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Instrument Cluster
          • Instrument Cluster Wiring Diagrams
          • Special Tools
          • Principles Of Operation
          • Printed Circuit
          • Gauge Indication Systems
            • Notes
            • Instrument Cluster Gauge Amplifier/Check Gage Module
            • Water Temperature Indicator Sender Unit
            • Oil Pressure Indicator Switch
            • Charge Indicator System
            • Vehicle Speed Signal
            • Speedometer
            • Odometer
            • Trip Odometer
            • Tachometer
            • Fuel Gauge
          • Warning Indicators
            • Brake System
            • Charging System Warning Indicator
            • CHECK ENGINE Light
            • Air Bag
            • Safety Belt
            • Low Fuel
            • Door Ajar
            • High Beam
            • Overdrive (O/D) Off
            • Anti-Theft
            • Speed Control
            • CHECK FUEL CAP Indicator
            • Check Gage
          • Inspection & Verification
            • Notes
            • GEM Diagnostic Trouble Code (DTC) Index
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: Incorrect Fuel Gauge Indication
            • Pinpoint Test B: Incorrect Temperature Gauge Indication
            • Pinpoint Test C: Incorrect Oil Pressure Gauge Indication
            • Pinpoint Test D: Inaccurate Speedometer Reading
            • Pinpoint Test E: The Speedometer/Odometer Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test F: The Tachometer Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test G: Incorrect Tachometer Indication
            • Pinpoint Test H: The Charging System Warning Indicator Is Never On
            • Pinpoint Test I: The Anti-Lock Brake Warning Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test J: The Anti-Lock Brake Warning Indicator Is Always On
            • Pinpoint Test K: The Check Fuel Cap Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test L: The High Beam Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test M: The Check Engine Warning Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test N: The LH Turn Signal Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test O: The RH Turn Signal Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test P: The O/D Off Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test Q: The Speed Control Indicator Is Never On
            • Pinpoint Test R: The Red Brake Warning Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test S: The Check Gage Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test T: The Door Ajar Indicator Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test U: The Safety Belt Warning Indicator Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test V: The 4X4 HIGH, 4X4 LOW Indicator Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test W: The Air Bag Indicator Is Inoperative
          • Component Tests
            • Gauge Test - Magnetic Gauge Test
            • Gauge Test - Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge
            • Gauge Test - Oil Pressure Gauge/Oil Pressure Switch
            • Gauge Test - Odometer Accuracy Test
      • Removal & Installation
        • Instrument Cluster
        • Instrument Cluster Printed Circuit
        • Instrument Cluster Lens
        • Warning Indicator Bulb
        • Gauges
    • Instrument Panel & Console
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Instrument Panel
        • Console - Overhead
        • Console - Floor
      • Removal & Installation
        • Instrument Panel
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Floor Console - High Series
          • Removal & Installation
        • Floor Console - Base Series
          • Removal & Installation
        • Overhead Console
          • Removal & Installation
  • Horns
    • Specifications
      • Torque Specifications
    • Description & Operation
      • Horn
        • Notes
        • Horn Switch, Steering Wheel Mounted
    • Diagnosis & Testing
      • Horn
        • Notes
        • Special Tools
        • Inspection & Verification
        • Symptom Chart
        • Pinpoint Tests
          • Pinpoint Test A: The Horn Does Not Sound
          • Pinpoint Test B: The Horn Sounds Continuously With Central Security Module
    • Removal & Installation
      • Horn
        • Removal & Installation
      • Horn Switch
        • Removal & Installation
  • Motors, Switches, Relays
    • OEM Connector End Views
      • Connector End Views
        • A/C clutch solenoid connector end view (C100)
        • Crankshaft position sensor connector end view (C101)
        • Generator connector end view (C102a)
        • Generator connector end view (C102b)
        • Oil pressure switch connector end view (C103)
        • Knock sensor connector end view (C109)
        • Inline Connector end view (C110)
        • Speed control servo connector end view (C122)
        • Brake fluid level switch connector end view (C124)
        • Windshield wiper motor connector end view (C125)
        • Inline Connector end view (C126)
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor connector end view (C128)
        • Horn connector end view (C131)
        • Ambient air temperature sensor connector end view (C132)
        • ABS control module connector end view (C135)
        • Windshield washer pump motor connector end view (C137)
        • Inline Connector end view (C139)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #12 connector end view (C142)
        • Inline Connector end view (C144)
        • Inline Connector end view (C146)
        • Wheel speed sensor, left front connector end view (C150)
        • Fog lamp, left front connector end view (C152)
        • Wheel speed sensor, right front connector end view (C160)
        • Fog lamp, right front connector end view (C162)
        • Intermediate Shaft Speed (ISS) sensor connector end view (C164)
        • Digital Transmission Range (DTR) sensor connector end view (C167)
        • Reversing lamps switch connector end view (C169)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #11 connector end view (C171)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #21 connector end view (C172)
        • Ignition transformer capacitor 1 connector end view (C174)
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) connector end view (C175)
        • Camshaft position sensor connector end view (C180)
        • Injector 1 connector end view (C181)
        • Injector 2 connector end view (C182)
        • Injector 3 connector end view (C183)
        • Injector 4 connector end view (C184)
        • Injector 5 connector end view (C185)
        • Injector 6 connector end view (C186)
        • Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) connector end view (C189)
        • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) sensor connector end view (C193)
        • Starter motor connector end view (C197a)
        • Starter motor connector end view (C197b)
        • 5R55E Transmission connector end view (C199)
        • Multifunction switch connector end view (C202a)
        • Multifunction switch connector end view (C202b)
        • Main light switch connector end view (C205)
        • Instrument panel dimming module connector end view (C206)
        • Inline Connector end view (C210)
        • Inline Connector end view (C211)
        • Inline Connector end view (C212)
        • Inline Connector end view (C213)
        • Inline Connector end view (C214)
        • Inline Connector end view (C215)
        • Air bag sliding contact connector end view (C218a)
        • Air bag sliding contact connector end view (C218b)
        • Inline Connector end view (C219)
        • Instrument cluster connector end view (C220a)
        • Instrument cluster connector end view (C220b)
        • Instrument cluster connector end view (C220c)
        • Inline Connector end view (C237)
        • Inline Connector end view (C238)
        • Fog lamp switch connector end view (C240)
        • Rear window defrost switch connector end view (C241)
        • Ignition switch connector end view (C250)
        • Data Link Connector End View (DLC) connector end view (C251)
        • Glove box lamp connector end view (C254)
        • Passenger air bag module connector end view (C256)
        • Clutch pedal position switch connector end view (C257)
        • Inline Connector end view (C263)
        • Inline Connector end view (C264)
        • Central security module connector end view (C274a)
        • Central security module connector end view (C274b)
        • Brake pedal position switch connector end view (C278)
        • Transmission control switch connector end view (C279)
        • Four... wheel drive control module connector end view (C281a)
        • Four... wheel drive control module connector end view (C281b)
        • Inertia Fuel Shutoff (IFS) switch connector end view (C282)
        • Four... wheel drive switch connector end view (C284)
        • Temperature blend door actuator connector end view (C289)
        • Radio connector end view (C290a)
        • Radio connector end view (C290b)
        • Radio connector end view (C290c)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294a)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294b)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294c)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294d)
        • Side air bag sensor, right connector end view (C304)
        • Side air bag sensor, left connector end view (C305)
        • Inline Connector end view (C311)
        • Inline Connector end view (C312)
        • Inline Connector end view (C313)
        • Inline Connector end view (C314)
        • Inline Connector end view (C316)
        • Safety belt buckle switch connector end view (C323)
        • Inline Connector end view (C327)
        • Inline Connector end view (C328)
        • Side air bag module, right connector end view (C337)
        • Inline Connector end view (C339)
        • Inline Connector end view (C340)
        • Rear Integrated Control Panel (RICP) connector end view (C349)
        • Transfer case assembly connector end view (C350)
        • Rear window motor connector end view (C351)
        • Power seat motor assembly, left connector end view (C357)
        • Seat adjust switch, driver side front connector end view (C360)
        • Side air bag module, left connector end view (C367)
        • Seat adjust switch, driver side front connector end view (C369)
        • Power point, console connector end view (C380)
        • Speaker, left rear connector end view (C395)
        • Speaker, right rear connector end view (C396)
        • Rear window defrost grid connector end view (C402a)
        • Rear window defrost grid connector end view (C402b)
        • Inline Connector end view (C406)
        • Inline Connector end view (C408)
        • Inline Connector end view (C410)
        • Inline Connector end view (C411)
        • Inline Connector end view (C421)
        • Inline Connector end view (C422)
        • Fuel tank unit connector end view (C433)
        • Fuel tank pressure transducer sensor connector end view (C435)
        • Trailer tow connector end view (C439)
        • Evaporative emission (EVAP) canister vent value connector end view (C450)
        • Reversing lamp, left connector end view (C451)
        • License plate lamp, left connector end view (C452)
        • License plate lamp left connector end view (C454)
        • Rear axle speed sensor connector end view (C455)
        • Liftgate door lock switch connector end view (C456)
        • Liftgate lock actuator connector end view (C457)
        • Liftgate ajar switch, left connector end view (C458)
        • Liftgate ajar switch, right connector end view (C459)
        • Reversing lamp, right connector end view (C461)
        • License plate lamp, right connector end view (C462)
        • License plate lamp, right connector end view (C464)
        • Subwoofer amplifier connector end view (C466)
        • Rear window wiper disable switch connector end view (C467)
        • Power point, rear connector end view (C474)
        • Rear wiper motor assembly connector end view (C476)
        • Master window adjust switch connector end view (C504a)
        • Master window adjust switch connector end view (C504b)
        • Door lock switch driver side connector end view (C505)
        • Inline Connector end view (C510)
        • Exterior rear view mirror, driver side connector end view (C520)
        • Exterior rear view mirror driver side connector end view (C521)
        • Speaker, left front connector end view (C523)
        • Power window motor, driver side front connector end view (C524)
        • Door lock actuator, driver side connector end view (C525)
        • Door ajar switch, driver side front connector end view (C526a)
        • Door ajar switch, driver side front connector end view (C526b)
        • Exterior rear view mirror switch connector end view (C527)
        • Key pad switch assembly connector end view (C530)
        • Exterior rear view mirror, passenger side connector end view (C601)
        • Door ajar switch, passenger side front connector end view (C602a)
        • Door ajar switch, passenger side front connector end view (C602b)
        • Door lock actuator, passenger side connector end view (C603)
        • Window adjust switch, passenger side connector end view (C604)
        • Door lock switch, passenger side connector end view (C605)
        • Power window motor, passenger side front connector end view (C608)
        • Speaker, right front connector end view (C612)
        • Exterior rear view mirror, passenger side connector end view (C615)
        • Window adjust switch, left rear connector end view (C701)
        • Speaker, left rear connector end view (C702)
        • Power window motor, left rear connector end view (C703)
        • Door lock actuator, left rear connector end view (C704)
        • Door ajar switch, driver side rear connector end view (C715a)
        • Door ajar switch, driver side rear connector end view (C715b)
        • Window adjust switch, right rear connector end view (C801)
        • Speaker, right rear connector end view (C802)
        • Power window motor, right rear connector end view (C803)
        • Door lock actuator, right rear connector end view (C804)
        • Door ajar switch, passenger side rear connector end view (C820a)
        • Door ajar switch, passenger side rear connector end view (C820b)
        • High mounted stop lamp connector end view (C904)
        • Roof opening panel switch connector end view (C912)
        • Inline Connector end view (C919)
        • Roof opening panel module connector end view (C921)
        • Inline Connector end view (C922)
        • Inline Connector end view (C925)
        • Cargo lamp assembly connector end view (C927)
        • Overhead console connector end view (C930)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, front connector end view (C931a)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, front connector end view (C931b)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, rear connector end view (C932a)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, rear connector end view (C932b)
        • Autolamp sensor connector end view (C995)
        • Wiper high/low relay connector end view (C1001)
        • Wiper run/park relay connector end view (C1002)
        • Windshield washer relay connector end view (C1004)
        • Horn relay connector end view (C1006)
        • Fog lamp relay connector end view (C1007)
        • A/C clutch relay connector end view (C1008)
        • Blower motor relay connector end view (C1011)
        • PCM power relay connector end view (C1016)
        • Starter relay connector end view (C1017)
        • PCM power diode connector end view (C1018)
        • Headlamp, left connector end view (C1021)
        • Park/turn lamp, left front connector end view (C1023)
        • Deactivator switch connector end view (C1025)
        • EVAP canister purge valve connector end view (C1029)
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) module connector end view (C1030)
        • Heater blower motor connector end view (C1031)
        • Heater blower motor resistor, front connector end view (C1032)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) connector end view (C1035)
        • Rear window wiper raise relay connector end view (C1036)
        • Rear window wiper lower relay connector end view (C1037)
        • Fog lamp isolation relay connector end view (C1038)
        • Washer pump relay rear connector end view (C1039)
        • Headlamp, right connector end view (C1041)
        • Park/turn lamp, right front connector end view (C1043)
        • Fuel pump relay connector end view (C1051)
        • High speed fan control relay connector end view (C1056)
        • Rear wiper relay connector end view (C1059)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sender connector end view (C1061)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sensor connector end view (C1064)
        • Ignition coil connector end view (C1065)
        • Idle air control valve (IAC) connector end view (C1066)
        • Differential pressure feedback EGR (DPFE) sensor connector end view (C1068)
        • EGR vacuum regulator solenoid connector end view (C1072)
        • A/C high pressure switch connector end view (C1078)
        • A/C compressor cycling switch connector end view (C1081)
        • Park lamp relay connector end view (C1095)
        • Window safety relay connector end view (C1096)
        • Battery connector end view (C1100a)
        • Battery connector end view (C1100b)
        • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) sensor connector end view (C1107)
        • Rear window wiper/washer switch connector end view (C2000)
        • Brake shift interlock connector end view (C2008)
        • Ashtray illumination lamp connector end view (C2014)
        • Parking brake switch connector end view (C2015)
        • Rear window defrost relay connector end view (C2021)
        • Interior lamps relay connector end view (C2022)
        • Cigar lighter, front connector end view (C2031a)
        • Cigar lighter, front connector end view (C2031b)
        • Power point connector end view (C2033)
        • Restraints control module connector end view (C2041a)
        • Restraints control module connector end view (C2041b)
        • Indicator flasher relay connector end view (C2047)
        • Battery saver relay connector end view (C2048)
        • Trailer low relay connector end view (C2049)
        • One... touch window relay connector end view (C2051)
        • Window safety relay connector end view (C2058)
        • Park lamp relay connector end view (C2059)
        • Rear window adjust switch connector end view (C2060)
        • Passive anti... theft transceiver connector end view (C2097)
        • Genetic Electronic Module (GEM) connector end view (C2100a)
        • General Electronic Module (GEM) connector end view (C2100b)
        • Neutral tow switch connector end view (C2126)
        • Autolamp headlamp relay connector end view (C2233)
        • Autolamp dimmer relay connector end view (C2234)
        • Blower motor, rear connector end view (C3002)
        • Heater blower motor resistor, rear connector end view (C3003)
        • Function selector switch assembly, rear connector end view (C3006)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3007)
        • Subwoofer connector end view (C3020)
        • Subwoofer amplifier connector end view (C3041a)
        • Subwoofer amplifier connector end view (C3041b)
        • Subwoofer amplifier connector end view (C3041c)
        • Park/stop/turn lamp, right rear connector end view (C4032)
        • Fuel tank unit connector end view (C4033)
        • Park/stop/turn lamp, left rear connector end view (C4035)
        • Rear wiper motor assembly connector end view (C4171)
  • Starters
    • Description
    • Component Locations
    • Adjustments
      • Digital Transmission Range Sensor
    • Trouble Shooting
    • System Tests
      • Notes
      • Test A: Engine Does Not Crank Or Relay Clicks
      • Test B: Unusual Starter Noise
    • Components Tests
      • Starter Relay
    • On-Vehicle Testing
      • Notes
      • Voltage Drop Test
      • Starter Ground Circuit Test
    • Removal & Installation
      • Notes
      • Starter Motor
        • Removal & Installation
    • Starter Motor Specifications
    • Torque Specifications
    • Wiring Diagrams
      • Explorer Sport
      • Explorer Sport TRAC
  • Wiring Diagrams
    • OEM Connector End Views
      • Connector End Views
        • A/C clutch solenoid connector end view (C100)
        • Crankshaft position sensor connector end view (C101)
        • Generator connector end view (C102a)
        • Generator connector end view (C102b)
        • Oil pressure switch connector end view (C103)
        • Knock sensor connector end view (C109)
        • Inline Connector end view (C110)
        • Speed control servo connector end view (C122)
        • Brake fluid level switch connector end view (C124)
        • Windshield wiper motor connector end view (C125)
        • Inline Connector end view (C126)
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) sensor connector end view (C128)
        • Horn connector end view (C131)
        • Ambient air temperature sensor connector end view (C132)
        • ABS control module connector end view (C135)
        • Windshield washer pump motor connector end view (C137)
        • Inline Connector end view (C139)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #12 connector end view (C142)
        • Inline Connector end view (C144)
        • Inline Connector end view (C146)
        • Wheel speed sensor, left front connector end view (C150)
        • Fog lamp, left front connector end view (C152)
        • Wheel speed sensor, right front connector end view (C160)
        • Fog lamp, right front connector end view (C162)
        • Intermediate Shaft Speed (ISS) sensor connector end view (C164)
        • Digital Transmission Range (DTR) sensor connector end view (C167)
        • Reversing lamps switch connector end view (C169)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #11 connector end view (C171)
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor (HO2S) #21 connector end view (C172)
        • Ignition transformer capacitor 1 connector end view (C174)
        • Powertrain Control Module (PCM) connector end view (C175)
        • Camshaft position sensor connector end view (C180)
        • Injector 1 connector end view (C181)
        • Injector 2 connector end view (C182)
        • Injector 3 connector end view (C183)
        • Injector 4 connector end view (C184)
        • Injector 5 connector end view (C185)
        • Injector 6 connector end view (C186)
        • Throttle Position Sensor (TPS) connector end view (C189)
        • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) sensor connector end view (C193)
        • Starter motor connector end view (C197a)
        • Starter motor connector end view (C197b)
        • 5R55E Transmission connector end view (C199)
        • Multifunction switch connector end view (C202a)
        • Multifunction switch connector end view (C202b)
        • Main light switch connector end view (C205)
        • Instrument panel dimming module connector end view (C206)
        • Inline Connector end view (C210)
        • Inline Connector end view (C211)
        • Inline Connector end view (C212)
        • Inline Connector end view (C213)
        • Inline Connector end view (C214)
        • Inline Connector end view (C215)
        • Air bag sliding contact connector end view (C218a)
        • Air bag sliding contact connector end view (C218b)
        • Inline Connector end view (C219)
        • Instrument cluster connector end view (C220a)
        • Instrument cluster connector end view (C220b)
        • Instrument cluster connector end view (C220c)
        • Inline Connector end view (C237)
        • Inline Connector end view (C238)
        • Fog lamp switch connector end view (C240)
        • Rear window defrost switch connector end view (C241)
        • Ignition switch connector end view (C250)
        • Data Link Connector End View (DLC) connector end view (C251)
        • Glove box lamp connector end view (C254)
        • Passenger air bag module connector end view (C256)
        • Clutch pedal position switch connector end view (C257)
        • Inline Connector end view (C263)
        • Inline Connector end view (C264)
        • Central security module connector end view (C274a)
        • Central security module connector end view (C274b)
        • Brake pedal position switch connector end view (C278)
        • Transmission control switch connector end view (C279)
        • Four... wheel drive control module connector end view (C281a)
        • Four... wheel drive control module connector end view (C281b)
        • Inertia Fuel Shutoff (IFS) switch connector end view (C282)
        • Four... wheel drive switch connector end view (C284)
        • Temperature blend door actuator connector end view (C289)
        • Radio connector end view (C290a)
        • Radio connector end view (C290b)
        • Radio connector end view (C290c)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294a)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294b)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294c)
        • Function selector switch assembly, front connector end view (C294d)
        • Side air bag sensor, right connector end view (C304)
        • Side air bag sensor, left connector end view (C305)
        • Inline Connector end view (C311)
        • Inline Connector end view (C312)
        • Inline Connector end view (C313)
        • Inline Connector end view (C314)
        • Inline Connector end view (C316)
        • Safety belt buckle switch connector end view (C323)
        • Inline Connector end view (C327)
        • Inline Connector end view (C328)
        • Side air bag module, right connector end view (C337)
        • Inline Connector end view (C339)
        • Inline Connector end view (C340)
        • Rear Integrated Control Panel (RICP) connector end view (C349)
        • Transfer case assembly connector end view (C350)
        • Rear window motor connector end view (C351)
        • Power seat motor assembly, left connector end view (C357)
        • Seat adjust switch, driver side front connector end view (C360)
        • Side air bag module, left connector end view (C367)
        • Seat adjust switch, driver side front connector end view (C369)
        • Power point, console connector end view (C380)
        • Speaker, left rear connector end view (C395)
        • Speaker, right rear connector end view (C396)
        • Rear window defrost grid connector end view (C402a)
        • Rear window defrost grid connector end view (C402b)
        • Inline Connector end view (C406)
        • Inline Connector end view (C408)
        • Inline Connector end view (C410)
        • Inline Connector end view (C411)
        • Inline Connector end view (C421)
        • Inline Connector end view (C422)
        • Fuel tank unit connector end view (C433)
        • Fuel tank pressure transducer sensor connector end view (C435)
        • Trailer tow connector end view (C439)
        • Evaporative emission (EVAP) canister vent value connector end view (C450)
        • Reversing lamp, left connector end view (C451)
        • License plate lamp, left connector end view (C452)
        • License plate lamp left connector end view (C454)
        • Rear axle speed sensor connector end view (C455)
        • Liftgate door lock switch connector end view (C456)
        • Liftgate lock actuator connector end view (C457)
        • Liftgate ajar switch, left connector end view (C458)
        • Liftgate ajar switch, right connector end view (C459)
        • Reversing lamp, right connector end view (C461)
        • License plate lamp, right connector end view (C462)
        • License plate lamp, right connector end view (C464)
        • Subwoofer amplifier connector end view (C466)
        • Rear window wiper disable switch connector end view (C467)
        • Power point, rear connector end view (C474)
        • Rear wiper motor assembly connector end view (C476)
        • Master window adjust switch connector end view (C504a)
        • Master window adjust switch connector end view (C504b)
        • Door lock switch driver side connector end view (C505)
        • Inline Connector end view (C510)
        • Exterior rear view mirror, driver side connector end view (C520)
        • Exterior rear view mirror driver side connector end view (C521)
        • Speaker, left front connector end view (C523)
        • Power window motor, driver side front connector end view (C524)
        • Door lock actuator, driver side connector end view (C525)
        • Door ajar switch, driver side front connector end view (C526a)
        • Door ajar switch, driver side front connector end view (C526b)
        • Exterior rear view mirror switch connector end view (C527)
        • Key pad switch assembly connector end view (C530)
        • Exterior rear view mirror, passenger side connector end view (C601)
        • Door ajar switch, passenger side front connector end view (C602a)
        • Door ajar switch, passenger side front connector end view (C602b)
        • Door lock actuator, passenger side connector end view (C603)
        • Window adjust switch, passenger side connector end view (C604)
        • Door lock switch, passenger side connector end view (C605)
        • Power window motor, passenger side front connector end view (C608)
        • Speaker, right front connector end view (C612)
        • Exterior rear view mirror, passenger side connector end view (C615)
        • Window adjust switch, left rear connector end view (C701)
        • Speaker, left rear connector end view (C702)
        • Power window motor, left rear connector end view (C703)
        • Door lock actuator, left rear connector end view (C704)
        • Door ajar switch, driver side rear connector end view (C715a)
        • Door ajar switch, driver side rear connector end view (C715b)
        • Window adjust switch, right rear connector end view (C801)
        • Speaker, right rear connector end view (C802)
        • Power window motor, right rear connector end view (C803)
        • Door lock actuator, right rear connector end view (C804)
        • Door ajar switch, passenger side rear connector end view (C820a)
        • Door ajar switch, passenger side rear connector end view (C820b)
        • High mounted stop lamp connector end view (C904)
        • Roof opening panel switch connector end view (C912)
        • Inline Connector end view (C919)
        • Roof opening panel module connector end view (C921)
        • Inline Connector end view (C922)
        • Inline Connector end view (C925)
        • Cargo lamp assembly connector end view (C927)
        • Overhead console connector end view (C930)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, front connector end view (C931a)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, front connector end view (C931b)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, rear connector end view (C932a)
        • Interior/map lamps assembly, rear connector end view (C932b)
        • Autolamp sensor connector end view (C995)
        • Wiper high/low relay connector end view (C1001)
        • Wiper run/park relay connector end view (C1002)
        • Windshield washer relay connector end view (C1004)
        • Horn relay connector end view (C1006)
        • Fog lamp relay connector end view (C1007)
        • A/C clutch relay connector end view (C1008)
        • Blower motor relay connector end view (C1011)
        • PCM power relay connector end view (C1016)
        • Starter relay connector end view (C1017)
        • PCM power diode connector end view (C1018)
        • Headlamp, left connector end view (C1021)
        • Park/turn lamp, left front connector end view (C1023)
        • Deactivator switch connector end view (C1025)
        • EVAP canister purge valve connector end view (C1029)
        • Daytime Running Lamps (DRL) module connector end view (C1030)
        • Heater blower motor connector end view (C1031)
        • Heater blower motor resistor, front connector end view (C1032)
        • Battery Junction Box (BJB) connector end view (C1035)
        • Rear window wiper raise relay connector end view (C1036)
        • Rear window wiper lower relay connector end view (C1037)
        • Fog lamp isolation relay connector end view (C1038)
        • Washer pump relay rear connector end view (C1039)
        • Headlamp, right connector end view (C1041)
        • Park/turn lamp, right front connector end view (C1043)
        • Fuel pump relay connector end view (C1051)
        • High speed fan control relay connector end view (C1056)
        • Rear wiper relay connector end view (C1059)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sender connector end view (C1061)
        • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sensor connector end view (C1064)
        • Ignition coil connector end view (C1065)
        • Idle air control valve (IAC) connector end view (C1066)
        • Differential pressure feedback EGR (DPFE) sensor connector end view (C1068)
        • EGR vacuum regulator solenoid connector end view (C1072)
        • A/C high pressure switch connector end view (C1078)
        • A/C compressor cycling switch connector end view (C1081)
        • Park lamp relay connector end view (C1095)
        • Window safety relay connector end view (C1096)
        • Battery connector end view (C1100a)
        • Battery connector end view (C1100b)
        • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) sensor connector end view (C1107)
        • Rear window wiper/washer switch connector end view (C2000)
        • Brake shift interlock connector end view (C2008)
        • Ashtray illumination lamp connector end view (C2014)
        • Parking brake switch connector end view (C2015)
        • Rear window defrost relay connector end view (C2021)
        • Interior lamps relay connector end view (C2022)
        • Cigar lighter, front connector end view (C2031a)
        • Cigar lighter, front connector end view (C2031b)
        • Power point connector end view (C2033)
        • Restraints control module connector end view (C2041a)
        • Restraints control module connector end view (C2041b)
        • Indicator flasher relay connector end view (C2047)
        • Battery saver relay connector end view (C2048)
        • Trailer low relay connector end view (C2049)
        • One... touch window relay connector end view (C2051)
        • Window safety relay connector end view (C2058)
        • Park lamp relay connector end view (C2059)
        • Rear window adjust switch connector end view (C2060)
        • Passive anti... theft transceiver connector end view (C2097)
        • Genetic Electronic Module (GEM) connector end view (C2100a)
        • General Electronic Module (GEM) connector end view (C2100b)
        • Neutral tow switch connector end view (C2126)
        • Autolamp headlamp relay connector end view (C2233)
        • Autolamp dimmer relay connector end view (C2234)
        • Blower motor, rear connector end view (C3002)
        • Heater blower motor resistor, rear connector end view (C3003)
        • Function selector switch assembly, rear connector end view (C3006)
        • Inline Connector end view (C3007)
        • Subwoofer connector end view (C3020)
        • Subwoofer amplifier connector end view (C3041a)
        • Subwoofer amplifier connector end view (C3041b)
        • Subwoofer amplifier connector end view (C3041c)
        • Park/stop/turn lamp, right rear connector end view (C4032)
        • Fuel tank unit connector end view (C4033)
        • Park/stop/turn lamp, left rear connector end view (C4035)
        • Rear wiper motor assembly connector end view (C4171)
    • System Wiring Diagrams
      • Using lemon2025'S Wiring Diagrams
      • Air Conditioning
      • Anti-Lock Brakes
      • Anti-Theft
      • Body Control Modules
      • Computer Data Lines
      • Cruise Control
      • Defoggers
      • Engine Performance
        • 4.0L
      • Exterior Lights
      • Ground Distribution
      • Headlights
      • Horn
      • Instrument Cluster
      • Interior Lights
      • Power Distribution
      • Power Door Locks
      • Power Mirrors
      • Power Seats
      • Power Top/Sunroof
      • Power Windows
      • Radio
      • Shift Interlock
      • Starting/Charging
      • Supplemental Restraints
      • Transmission
      • Warning Systems
      • Wiper/Washer
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
• Engine Mechanical
  • Accessory Drive Belts
    • Cooling System Specifications & Drive Belt Routing
      • Belt Adjustment
        • Notes
        • Belt Tension Adjustment Specifications (Villager)
        • Belt Tension Adjustment Specifications (Except Villager)
      • Drive Belt Routing
        • Notes
        • Drive Belt Routing (ECONOLINE & F150 Pickup - 4.2L)
        • Drive Belt Routing (BLACKWOOD, ECONOLINE, Excursion, Expedition, F150-550 Pickup & Navigator 4.6L, 5.4L & 6.8L With A/C, & Explorer & Mountaineer 4.6L)
        • Drive Belt Routing (ECONOLINE - 7.3L)
        • Drive Belt Routing (Escape - 2.0L)
        • Drive Belt Routing (Excursion & F250-550 Pickup 7.3L Diesel)
        • Drive Belt Routing (Explorer, Explorer Sport, Explorer Sport TRAC, Mountaineer & Ranger - 4.0L SOHC With A/C)
        • Drive Belt Routing (F150 Lightning 5.4L SC)
        • Ranger - Except 4.0L SOHC With A/C
          • Drive Belt Routing (Ranger - 2.3L)
          • Drive Belt Routing (Ranger - 3.0L)
          • Drive Belt Routing (Ranger - 4.0L SOHC)
        • Drive Belt Routing (Villager - 3.3L With A/C)
        • Drive Belt Routing (Windstar - 3.8L)
      • Cooling System Specifications
        • Coolant Replacement Interval
        • Cooling System Specifications (BLACKWOOD)
        • Cooling System Specifications (ECONOLINE)
        • Cooling System Specifications (Expedition & Navigator)
        • Cooling System Specifications (Excursion & F250-550 Pickups)
        • Cooling System Specifications (Escape)
        • Explorer, Explorer Sport, Explorer Sport TRAC, Mountaineer
        • Cooling System Specifications (F150 Pickup)
        • Cooling System Specifications (Ranger)
        • Cooling System Specifications (Villager)
        • Cooling System Specifications (WINDSTAR)
  • Auxiliary Emission Control Systems
    • Emission Control System Visual Inspection Procedures - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Emission Control Labels
      • Emission Control Visual Inspection
        • Notes
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation (PCV)
        • Thermostatic Air Cleaner (TAC)
        • Fuel Evaporative System (EVAP)
        • Catalytic Converters
          • Oxidation Catalyst (OC)
          • Three-Way Catalyst (TWC)
          • Three-Way Catalyst + Oxidation Catalyst (TWC + OC)
        • Fill Pipe RESTRICTOR (Fr)
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION (EGR) System
          • Single Diaphragm EGR Valve
          • Dual Diaphragm EGR Valve
          • Positive Backpressure EGR (BP/EGR) Valve
          • Negative Backpressure EGR (BP/EGR) Valve
          • Digital EGR Valve
          • Integrated Electronic EGR Valve
        • Spark Controls (SPK)
        • Air Injection System (AIS)
          • Air Pump Injection System (AP)
          • Pulsed Secondary Air Injection (PAIR) System
        • Oxygen Sensor (O2)
        • Computerized Engine Controls (CEC)
        • Early Fuel Evaporation (EFE)
        • Emission Maintenance Reminder Light (EMR) (If Equipped)
        • Malfunction Indicator Light (Mil)
  • Cooling System (Mechanical)
    • Cooling System Specifications & Drive Belt Routing
      • Belt Adjustment
        • Notes
        • Belt Tension Adjustment Specifications (Villager)
        • Belt Tension Adjustment Specifications (Except Villager)
      • Drive Belt Routing
        • Notes
        • Drive Belt Routing (ECONOLINE & F150 Pickup - 4.2L)
        • Drive Belt Routing (BLACKWOOD, ECONOLINE, Excursion, Expedition, F150-550 Pickup & Navigator 4.6L, 5.4L & 6.8L With A/C, & Explorer & Mountaineer 4.6L)
        • Drive Belt Routing (ECONOLINE - 7.3L)
        • Drive Belt Routing (Escape - 2.0L)
        • Drive Belt Routing (Excursion & F250-550 Pickup 7.3L Diesel)
        • Drive Belt Routing (Explorer, Explorer Sport, Explorer Sport TRAC, Mountaineer & Ranger - 4.0L SOHC With A/C)
        • Drive Belt Routing (F150 Lightning 5.4L SC)
        • Ranger - Except 4.0L SOHC With A/C
          • Drive Belt Routing (Ranger - 2.3L)
          • Drive Belt Routing (Ranger - 3.0L)
          • Drive Belt Routing (Ranger - 4.0L SOHC)
        • Drive Belt Routing (Villager - 3.3L With A/C)
        • Drive Belt Routing (Windstar - 3.8L)
      • Cooling System Specifications
        • Coolant Replacement Interval
        • Cooling System Specifications (BLACKWOOD)
        • Cooling System Specifications (ECONOLINE)
        • Cooling System Specifications (Expedition & Navigator)
        • Cooling System Specifications (Excursion & F250-550 Pickups)
        • Cooling System Specifications (Escape)
        • Explorer, Explorer Sport, Explorer Sport TRAC, Mountaineer
        • Cooling System Specifications (F150 Pickup)
        • Cooling System Specifications (Ranger)
        • Cooling System Specifications (Villager)
        • Cooling System Specifications (WINDSTAR)
    • Engine Cooling
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Engine Cooling
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Engine Cooling
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: Loss Of Coolant
            • Pinpoint Test B: The Engine Overheats
            • Pinpoint Test C: The Engine Does Not Reach Normal Operating Temperature
          • Component Tests
            • Pressure Test
          • Cap
            • Notes
            • Thermostat-Water
          • Thermostat-Electrical Test
          • Thermostat-Mechanical Test
          • Radiator Leak Test, Removed From Vehicle
          • Fan Clutch Test
            • Notes
            • Fan Clutch Test-Maximum Speed Requirement
            • Fan Clutch Test-Minimum Speed Requirement
      • General Procedures
        • Cooling System Draining, Filling and Bleeding
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Draining
          • Filling and Bleeding With RADKITPLUS
          • Filling and Bleeding Without RADKITPLUS
        • Cooling System Flushing
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Material
      • Removal And Installation
        • Block Heater
          • Removal and Installation
        • Thermostat
          • Removal and Installation
        • Water Pump
          • Material
          • Removal and Installation
        • Radiator
          • Removal and Installation
        • Cooling Fan
          • Removal and Installation
        • Cooling Fan Shroud
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Removal and Installation
        • Coolant Expansion Tank
          • Removal and Installation
        • Sender Unit - Water Temperature Indicator
          • Removal and Installation
  • Mechanical
    • Engine - 4.0L
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Engine
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Engine
      • In-Vehicle Repair
        • Intake Manifold
          • Removal & Installation
        • Valve Cover - RH
          • Removal & Installation
        • Valve Cover - LH
          • Special Tools
          • Removal & Installation
        • Crankshaft Pulley
          • Special Tools
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Crankshaft Front Oil Seal
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Engine Front Cover
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Timing Drive Components - Camshaft Timing
          • Special Tools
          • Timing Drive Components - Camshaft Timing
        • RH Hydraulic Chain TENSIONER
          • Removal & Installation
        • LH Hydraulic Chain TENSIONER
          • Removal & Installation
        • LH Camshaft Drive Cassette
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Valve - Valve Spring
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Removal & Installation
        • Valve - Valve Seals
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Hydraulic Lash Adjusters
          • Materials
          • Removal & Installation
        • Roller Followers
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Removal
        • Camshaft - LH
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Camshaft - RH
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Exhaust Manifold - LH
          • Removal & Installation
        • Exhaust Manifold - RH
          • Removal
        • Cylinder Head - RH
          • Special Tools
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Cylinder Head - LH
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Oil Pan
          • Materials
          • Removal & Installation
        • Oil Pump Screen & Pickup Tube
          • Removal & Installation
        • Flywheel
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • FLEXPLATE
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Crankshaft Rear Oil Seal
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Engine Support Insulators
          • Removal & Installation
      • Removal
        • Engine
          • Notes
          • Removal
      • Disassembly
        • Engine
          • Special Tools
          • Engine Disassembly
      • Disassembly & Assembly Of Subassemblies
        • Cylinder Head
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Piston
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
      • Assembly
        • Engine
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Engine Assembly
      • Installation
        • Engine
          • Special Tools
          • Installation
    • Engine System - General Information
      • Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Engine
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Engine
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Component Tests
            • Engine Oil Leaks
            • Engine Oil Leaks - Fluorescent Oil Additive Method
            • Leakage Points - Underhood
            • Leakage Points - Under Engine - With Vehicle on Hoist
            • Leakage Points - With Transmission & Flywheel Removed
          • Compression Test - Compression Gauge Check
            • Notes
            • Compression Test - Test Results
            • Compression Test - Interpreting Compression Readings
          • Cylinder Leakage Detection
          • Oil Consumption Test
          • Intake Manifold Vacuum Test
            • Notes
            • Intake Manifold Vacuum Test - Interpreting Vacuum Gauge Readings
          • Excessive Engine Oil Consumption
            • Notes
            • Oil Pressure Test
          • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Off - Valve Cover Removed
            • Notes
            • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Off, Rocker Arm
            • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Off, Camshaft Roller Followers & Hydraulic Lash Adjusters, Overhead Camshaft
            • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Off, Camshaft - Engines
            • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Off, Push Rods
            • Valve Train Analysis - Valve Springs
            • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Off, Valve Spring Retainer & Valve Spring Retainer Keys
            • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Off, Valves & Cylinder Head
          • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Running
            • Notes
            • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Running, Valves & Cylinder Head
            • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Running, Camshaft Lobe Lift - OHC Engines
            • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Running, Camshaft Lobe Lift - Push Rod Engine
            • Valve Train Analysis - Engine Running, Valve Tappet
      • General Procedures
        • Camshaft Journal - Diameter
        • Camshaft Journal - Clearance, PLASTIGAGE Method
          • Special Tools
          • Camshaft Journal - Clearance, Plastigage Method
        • Camshaft End Play - OHC Engines
          • Special Tools
          • Checking Camshaft End Play
        • Camshaft - Lobe Surface
        • Camshaft Lobe Lift
          • Special Tools
          • Checking Camshaft Lobe Lift
        • Camshaft RUNOUT
          • Special Tools
          • Checking Camshaft Runout
        • Crankshaft Main Bearing Journal - Diameter
        • Crankshaft Main Bearing Journal - Taper
        • Crankshaft Main Bearing Journal - Clearance
          • Special Tools
          • Crankshaft Main Bearing Journal - Clearance
        • Crankshaft End Play
          • Special Tools
          • Crankshaft End Play
        • Crankshaft RUNOUT
          • Special Tools
          • Crankshaft Runout
        • Crankshaft - Connecting Rod Journal Taper, Out Of Round
        • Cylinder Bore - Taper
        • Cylinder Bore - Out-Of-Round
        • Piston Inspection
          • Special Tools
          • Piston Inspection
        • Piston - Pin To Bore Diameter
        • Piston - Diameter
        • Piston - To Cylinder Bore Clearance
        • Piston - Selection
        • Piston - Ring End Gap
        • Piston - Ring-To-Groove Clearance
        • Piston - Pin Diameter
        • Connecting Rod - Cleaning
        • Connecting Rod - Large End Bore
        • Connecting Rod - Bushing Diameter
        • Connecting Rod - Bend
        • Connecting Rod - Twist
        • Connecting Rod - Piston Pin Side Clearance
        • Connecting Rod - Bearing Journal Clearance
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Connecting Rod - Bearing Journal Clearance
        • Roller Follower - Inspection
        • Valve Tappet - Inspection
        • Valve Tappet - LEAKDOWN Test, Hydraulic
        • Valve - Stem Diameter
        • Valve - Stem To Valve Guide Clearance
          • Special Tools
          • Measuring Valve Stem-To-Valve Guide Clearance
        • Valve - Inspection
        • Valve - Guide Inner Diameter
        • Valve - Guide Reaming
        • Valve - Spring Installed Length
        • Valve - Spring Free Length
        • Valve - Spring Squareness
        • Valve Spring Strength
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Valve Spring Strength
        • Valve - Seat Inspection
          • Valve & Seat Refacing Measurements
        • Valve - Seat Width
        • Valve - Seat RUNOUT
        • Cylinder Head - Distortion
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Cylinder Head - Distortion
        • Cylinder Bore - Honing
          • Special Tools
          • Honing Cylinder Bore
        • Cylinder Bore - Cleaning
        • Cylinder Block - Distortion
          • Special Tools
          • Cylinder Block Distortion
        • Cylinder Block Core Plug Replacement
          • Special Tools
          • Cylinder Block Core Plug Replacement Materials
          • Cup-Type
          • Expansion-Type
        • Spark Plug Hole Thread Repair
        • Spark Plug - Inspection
        • Exhaust Manifold - Inspection
          • Special Tools
          • Inspection Exhaust Manifold
        • Bearing - Inspection
  • Starters
    • Description
    • Component Locations
    • Adjustments
      • Digital Transmission Range Sensor
    • Trouble Shooting
    • System Tests
      • Notes
      • Test A: Engine Does Not Crank Or Relay Clicks
      • Test B: Unusual Starter Noise
    • Components Tests
      • Starter Relay
    • On-Vehicle Testing
      • Notes
      • Voltage Drop Test
      • Starter Ground Circuit Test
    • Removal & Installation
      • Notes
      • Starter Motor
        • Removal & Installation
    • Starter Motor Specifications
    • Torque Specifications
    • Wiring Diagrams
      • Explorer Sport
      • Explorer Sport TRAC
• Engine Performance
  • Engine Control System - Adjustments
    • Engine Mechanical
    • Valve Clearance
    • Ignition Timing
      • Gasoline Engines
        • Except Villager
        • Villager
    • Injector Timing
      • Diesel Engines
    • Idle Speed
      • Gasoline Engines
        • Except Villager
        • Villager
      • Diesel Engines
    • Throttle Position Sensor
      • Gasoline Engines
        • Except Villager
        • Villager
    • Accelerator Pedal Sensor
      • Diesel Engines
  • Application
    • Engine Introduction - Trucks
      • Engine Introduction - Trucks
        • Notes
        • Vehicle Identification Number Description
          • Notes
          • World Manufacturer Identifier - Position 1
          • Brake Type & Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) - Position 2
          • Line, Series & Body Type Code - Position 3
          • Engine Code - Position 4
          • Computer-Generated Check Digit - Position 5
          • Model Year Code - Position 6
          • Assembly Plant Code - Position 7
          • Production Sequence Number - Position 8
        • Model/Year VIN Code Applications
        • Engine Code Location
  • Emissions
    • EGR Function Testing - Ford - Trucks
      • EGR Function Testing - Ford - Trucks
        • Test 1
          • Ported EGR Valve
        • Test 2
          • Backpressure Transducer EGR System
        • Test 3
          • Integral Backpressure Transducer Assembly
        • Test 4
          • Electronic EGR Valve
        • Test 5
          • Vacuum Amplifier (If Equipped)
        • Test 6
          • EEC-V Equipped Vehicles
        • Test 7
          • 1996-97 EEC-IV Equipped Trucks
        • Test 8
          • EGR Valve
          • EGR Vacuum Regulator Solenoid
        • Test 9
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
      • ARIZONA
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • IDAHO
      • KENTUCKY
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • New YORK
      • OHIO
      • RHODE Island
      • UTAH
      • WASHINGTON
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
      • ALASKA
      • ARIZONA
      • CALIFORNIA
        • California Emission Standards ASM Tests
        • Legend
        • Pass/Fail Emission Standards = A+B / VTW
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • DELAWARE
      • District Of COLUMBIA
      • GEORGIA
      • IDAHO
      • ILLINOIS
      • INDIANA
      • KENTUCKY
      • MARYLAND
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • MISSOURI
      • NEVADA
      • New Jersey
      • New MEXICO
      • New YORK
      • North CAROLINA
      • OHIO
      • OREGON
      • PENNSYLVANIA
      • RHODE Island
      • TENNESSEE
      • TEXAS
      • UTAH
      • VIRGINIA
      • WASHINGTON
      • WISCONSIN
      • U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
      • U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
      • U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
        • Start-Up Standards
        • Final Standards
  • Mode 6 - 2002 Ford - Except Diesel
    • Introduction
    • Catalyst Monitor
    • Misfire Monitor
    • Air System Monitor
    • EVAP Monitor
    • Front Ho2S Monitor
    • Rear Ho2S Monitor
    • EGR Monitor
  • Engine Controls - Pin Voltage Charts
    • Introduction
    • Test Equipment
    • Test Procedures
      • Notes
      • Pin Voltage Testing
      • Symptom Testing
        • Notes
        • Reference Value Symptom-To-PID (Bi-Fuel)
        • Reference Value Symptom-To-PID (Gasoline & NGV)
      • PID Testing
        • Notes
        • Accessing Generic OBD-II PIDs
        • Accessing Ford Specific PIDs
      • Pcm Connectors
      • Powertrain Control Module Locations
    • PID Definitions & Pin Voltage/PID Values
      • Notes
      • PID Definitions
        • Generic OBD-II PID Definitions
        • Ford Motor Co. Gasoline OBD-II PID Definitions
        • Ford Motor Co. Bi-Fuel OBD-II PID Definitions
      • Pin Voltage/PID Value Tables
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Aids
        • Blackwood & Navigator 5.4L 4V A/T
          • BLACKWOOD & Navigator 5.4L 4V A/T - Inputs
          • BLACKWOOD & Navigator 5.4L 4V A/T - Outputs
          • BLACKWOOD & Navigator 5.4L 4V A/T - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Econoline 5.4L A/T (Compressed Natural Gas)
          • ECONOLINE 5.4L A/T (Compressed Natural Gas) - Inputs
          • ECONOLINE 5.4L A/T (Compressed Natural Gas) - Outputs
          • ECONOLINE 5.4L A/T (Compressed Natural Gas) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Econoline 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R70W)
          • ECONOLINE 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R70W) - Inputs
          • ECONOLINE 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R70W) - Outputs
          • ECONOLINE 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R70W) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Econoline 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R100)
          • ECONOLINE 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R100) - Inputs
          • ECONOLINE 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R100) - Outputs
          • ECONOLINE 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R100) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Econoline, Excursion & F250-550 7.3L Diesel
          • 7.3L Diesel - Inputs & Outputs
        • Econoline, Expedition & F150 4.6L A/T (4R70W)
          • ECONOLINE, Expedition & F150 4.6L A/T (4R70W) - Inputs
          • ECONOLINE, Expedition & F150 4.6L A/T - Outputs
          • ECONOLINE, Expedition & F150 4.6L A/T - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Econoline & F150 Pickup 4.2L A/T (4R70W)
          • ECONOLINE & F150 4.2L A/T (4R70W) - Inputs
          • ECONOLINE & F150 4.2L A/T (4R70W) - Outputs
          • ECONOLINE & F150 4.2L A/T (4R70W) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Econoline & F250-550 6.8L A/T (4R100)
          • ECONOLINE & F250-550 6.8L A/T (4R100) - Inputs
          • ECONOLINE & F250-550 6.8L A/T (4R100) - Outputs
          • ECONOLINE & F250-550 6.8L A/T (4R100) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Escape 2.0L 4V M/T
          • Escape 2.0L 4V M/T - Inputs
          • Escape 2.0L 4V M/T - Outputs
          • Escape 2.0L 4V M/T - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Escape 3.0L 4V A/T
          • Escape 3.0L 4V A/T - Inputs
          • Escape 3.0L 4V A/T - Outputs
          • Escape 3.0L 4V A/T - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Excursion 5.4L A/T (4R100)
          • Excursion 5.4L A/T (4R100) - Inputs
          • Excursion 5.4L A/T (4R100) - Outputs
          • Excursion 5.4L A/T (4R100) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Excursion 6.8L A/T (4R100)
          • Excursion 6.8L A/T (4R100) - Inputs
          • Excursion 6.8L A/T (4R100) - Outputs
          • Excursion 6.8L A/T (4R100) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Expedition & F150 5.4L 2V A/T (4R100)
          • Expedition & F150 5.4L 2V A/T (4R100) - Inputs
          • Expedition & F150 5.4L 2V A/T (4R100) - Outputs
          • Expedition & F150 5.4L 2V A/T (4R100) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Explorer & Mountaineer 4.0L A/T (5R55W)
          • Explorer & Mountaineer 4.0L A/T (5R55W) - Inputs
          • Explorer & Mountaineer 4.0L A/T (5R55W) - Outputs
          • Explorer & Mountaineer 4.0L A/T (5R55W) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Explorer 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R4)
          • Explorer 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R4) - Inputs
          • Explorer 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R4) - Outputs
          • Explorer 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R4) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Explorer & Mountaineer 4.6L A/T (5R55W)
          • Explorer & Mountaineer 4.6L A/T (5R55W) - Inputs
          • Explorer & Mountaineer 4.6L A/T (5R55W) - Outputs
          • Explorer & Mountaineer 4.6L A/T (5R55W) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport Trac 4.0L A/T (Flexible Fuel)
          • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC 4.0L A/T (Flexible Fuel) - Inputs
          • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC 4.0L A/T (Flexible Fuel) - Outputs
          • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC 4.0L A/T (Flexible Fuel) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport Trac 4.0L A/T (Gasoline)
          • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC 4.0L A/T (Gasoline) - Inputs
          • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC 4.0L A/T (Gasoline) - Outputs
          • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC 4.0L A/T (Gasoline) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport Trac 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R1)
          • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Inputs
          • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Outputs
          • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • F150 4.2L M/T (M5OD-R2)
          • F150 4.2L M/T (M5OD-R2) - Inputs
          • F150 4.2L M/T (M5OD-R2) - Outputs
          • F150 4.2L M/T (M5OD-R2) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • F150 4.6L M/T (M5OD-R2)
          • F150 4.6L M/T (M5OD-R2) - Inputs
          • F150 4.6L M/T (M5OD-R2) - Outputs
          • F150 4.6L M/T (M5OD-R2) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • F150 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R70W)
          • F150 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R70W) - Inputs
          • F150 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R70W) - Outputs
          • F150 5.4L Gasoline A/T (4R70W) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • F150 5.4L Compressed Natural Gas A/T (4R70W & 4R100)
          • F150 5.4L Compressed Natural Gas A/T (4R70W & 4R100) - Inputs
          • F150 5.4L Compressed Natural Gas A/T (4R70W & 4R100) - Outputs
          • F150 5.4L Compressed Natural Gas A/T (4R70W & 4R100) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • F150 5.4L (Bi-Fuel)
          • F150 5.4L (Bi-Fuel) - Inputs
          • F150 5.4L (Bi-Fuel) - Outputs
          • Cause PID Fault Definitions
        • F150 5.4L SC Lightning A/T (4R100)
          • F150 5.4L SC Lightning A/T (4R100) - Inputs
          • F150 5.4L SC Lightning A/T (4R100) - Outputs
          • F150 5.4L SC Lightning A/T (4R100) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • F250-550 5.4L A/T (4R100)
          • F250-350 5.4L A/T (4R100) - Inputs
          • F250-350 5.4L A/T (4R100) - Outputs
          • F250-350 5.4L A/T (4R100) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • F250-350 5.4L M/T (ZF S6-650)
          • F250-350 5.4L M/T (ZF S6-650) - Inputs
          • F250-350 5.4L M/T (ZF S6-650) - Outputs
          • F250-350 5.4L M/T (ZF S6-650) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • F250-550 6.8L M/T (S6-650)
          • F250-550 6.8L M/T (S6-650) - Inputs
          • F250-550 6.8L M/T (S6-650) - Outputs
          • F250-550 6.8L M/T (S6-650) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • F650-750 7.3L Diesel
          • 7.3L Diesel - Inputs & Outputs
        • Ranger 2.3L A/T (5R44E)
          • Ranger 2.3L A/T (5R44E) - Inputs
          • Ranger 2.3L A/T (5R44E) - Outputs
          • Ranger 2.3L A/T (5R44E) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Ranger 2.3L M/T (M5OD-R1)
          • Ranger 2.3L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Inputs
          • Ranger 2.3L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Outputs
          • Ranger 2.3L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Ranger 3.0L Gasoline A/T (5R44E)
          • Ranger 3.0L Gasoline A/T (5R44E) - Inputs
          • Ranger 3.0L Gasoline A/T (5R44E) - Outputs
          • Ranger 3.0L Gasoline A/T (5R44E) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Ranger 3.0L Flexible Fuel A/T (5R44E)
          • Ranger 3.0L Flexible Fuel A/T (5R44E) - Inputs
          • Ranger 3.0L Flexible Fuel A/T (5R44E) - Outputs
          • Ranger 3.0L Flexible Fuel A/T (5R44E) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Ranger 3.0L M/T (M5OD-R1)
          • Ranger 3.0L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Inputs
          • Ranger 3.0L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Outputs
          • Ranger 3.0L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Ranger 4.0L A/T (5R55E)
          • Ranger 4.0L A/T (5R55E) - Inputs
          • Ranger 4.0L A/T (5R55E) - Outputs
          • Ranger 4.0L A/T (5R55E) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Ranger 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R1)
          • Ranger 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Inputs
          • Ranger 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Outputs
          • Ranger 4.0L M/T (M5OD-R1) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
        • Villager 3.3L A/T (4F20E)
          • Villager 3.3L A/T (4F20E) - Inputs
          • Villager 3.3L - Outputs
        • Windstar 3.8L A/T (4F50N)
          • WINDSTAR 3.8L A/T (4F50N) - Inputs
          • WINDSTAR 3.8L A/T (4F50N) - Outputs
          • WINDSTAR 3.8L A/T (4F50N) - Generic OBD-II PID Values
  • Remove, Overhaul & Install
    • Engine Controls - Removal, Overhaul & Installation
      • Introduction
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Intake Manifold
          • Removal & Installation
        • Throttle Body
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Notes
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Removal & Installation
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
      • Cooling Systems
        • Notes
        • Cooling System Draining, Filling & Bleeding
      • Ignition Systems
        • Notes
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Removal & Installation
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Knock Sensor
          • Removal & Installation (4.0L)
        • Spark Plugs
          • Removal & Installation
      • Fuel Systems
        • Fuel System Safety Precautions
          • Safe Fuel Handling Practices
          • Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch Reset Procedure
        • Fuel System Pressure Release
        • Fuel Line Connectors
          • Push Connect Coupling
          • "R" Clip Coupling
          • Spring Lock Coupling
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
        • Fuel Filter
          • Fuel Filter Removal & Installation - Explorer Sport & Sport Trac (Built Before 03/2002)
            • Removal
            • Installation
          • Fuel Filter Removal & Installation - Explorer Sport & Sport Trac (Built After 03/2002)
        • Fuel Pump Module
          • Removal & Installation - Vehicles Built Before 03/2002
          • Removal & Installation - Vehicles Built After 03/2002
        • Fuel Rails & Injectors
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Fuel Tank
          • Removal & Installation(Explorer Sport)
          • Removal & Installation(Explorer Sport Trac)
        • Fuel Tank Draining
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Evaporative Emission Systems
        • Evaporative Emission System Safety Precautions
        • Vapor Tube Fittings
        • Charcoal Canister
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation - Explorer Sport
          • Removal & Installation - Explorer Sport Trac
        • Fuel Tank Pressure Sensor
          • Removal & Installation
        • After Repair Procedure
      • Emission Systems & Subsystems
        • PCV Valve
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
  • Sensor Range Charts
    • Engine Controls - Sensor Operating Range Charts
      • Introduction
  • Specifications
    • Engine Controls - Service & Adjustment Specifications
      • Introduction
      • Capacities
        • Cooling System Capacities
        • Engine Oil Capacities
        • Transmission & Transfer Case Capacities
        • Differential Fluid Capacities
      • Quick-Service
        • Service Intervals & Specifications
        • Belt Adjustment
      • Mechanical Checks
        • Engine Compression
          • Diesel Engines
          • Gasoline Engines
        • Valve Clearance
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Supercharger
      • Ignition Systems
        • High Tension Wire Resistance
        • Spark Plugs
          • Notes
          • Spark Plug Specifications (4-Cylinder)
          • Spark Plug Specifications (V6)
          • Spark Plug Specifications (V8)
          • Spark Plug Specifications (V10)
        • Firing Order & Timing Marks
          • Notes
          • Firing Order & Timing Marks (2.0L)
          • Spark Plug Wire Routing (2.0L)
          • Firing Order & Timing Marks (2.3L)
          • Firing Order & Timing Marks (3.0L Ranger)
          • Firing Order & Timing Marks (3.0L Escape)
          • Firing Order (3.3L)
          • Firing Order & Timing Marks (3.8L)
          • Spark Plug Wire Routing (3.8L)
          • Firing Order (4.0L - Explorer & Mountaineer)
          • Spark Plug Wire Routing (4.0L - Explorer & Mountaineer)
          • Firing Order & Timing Marks (4.0L - Ranger)
          • Spark Plug Wire Routing (4.0L - Ranger)
          • Firing Order & Timing Marks (4.2L - E-Series)
          • Spark Plug Wire Routing (4.2L - E-Series)
          • Firing Order & Timing Marks (4.2L - F-Series)
          • Spark Plug Wire Routing (4.2L - F-Series)
          • Firing Order & Timing Marks (4.6L & 5.4L)
          • Spark Plug Coils & Firing Order (4.6L) (Not Coil On Plug)
          • Spark Plug Coils (4.6L & 5.4L)
          • Spark Plug Coils (5.4L)
          • Firing Order (6.8L)
          • Spark Plug Coils (6.8L)
          • Firing Order (7.3L Diesel)
        • Ignition Timing
      • Fuel Systems
        • Fuel Pump
        • Idle Mixture
        • Idle Speed
          • Villager
        • Throttle Position Sensor
          • Notes
          • TP Sensor Output (Villager)
          • TP Sensor Output (Except Villager)
    • Firing Order & Cylinder Identification
      • Firing Order & Cylinder Identification
        • Notes
        • 3 Cylinder Engine
        • 4 Cylinder Engine
        • 5 Cylinder Engine
        • V6 Engine
          • 3.3L (VIN T) Engines
          • 3.0L Villager Engine
          • All Other V6 Engines Except 3.3L (VIN T) & 3.0L Villager Engine
        • V8 Engine
          • 3.9L (VIN A) V8 Engines
          • 5.2L V8 Engines
          • 5.0L (Mustang Only) & 6.2L V8 Engines
          • All Other Gasoline V8 Engines Except 3.9L (VIN A), 5.0L (Mustang Only), 5.2L & 6.2L
          • Diesel V8 Engine (To 2010)
          • 6.7L Diesel V8 Engine (From 2011)
        • V10 Engine
    • Fuel System Pressure Specifications
      • Fuel Systems
        • Fuel Pressure - Cars
        • Fuel Pressure - Trucks
  • Engine Controls - System & Component Tests - EEC-V - Gasoline
    • Introduction
      • Notes
      • Engine Cover
        • Removal & Installation
    • Air Induction Systems
      • Intake Air Control
        • Intake Manifold Runner Control Solenoid
        • Intake Manifold Swirl Control Solenoid
        • Intake Manifold Tuning Valve Solenoid
    • Computerized Engine Controls
      • Powertrain Control Module
        • Ground Circuits
        • Power Circuits
    • Engine Sensors & Switches
      • Switches
        • Brake Pedal Applied/Brake Pedal Position Switch
        • Clutch Pedal Position Switch
        • Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch
        • Park/Neutral Position Or Clutch Pedal Position Switch
        • Power Steering Pressure Switch
        • Reverse Switch
        • Transmission Control Switch
      • Sensors
        • Notes
        • Air Conditioning Evaporator Temperature Sensor
        • Air Conditioning Pressure Sensor
        • Barometric Pressure Sensor
        • Camshaft Position Sensor
        • Crankshaft Position Sensor
        • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
        • Engine Oil Temperature Sensor
        • Engine Fuel Temperature Sensor
        • Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor
        • Heated Oxygen Sensor
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
        • Intake Air Temperature 2 Sensor (F150 Lightning 5.4L SC Only)
        • Knock Sensor
        • Mass Airflow Sensor
        • Output Shaft Speed Sensor
        • Power Steering Pressure Sensor
        • Thermal Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor
        • Throttle Position Sensor
        • Transfer Case Speed Sensor
        • Vehicle Speed Sensor
    • Relays & Solenoids
      • Relays
        • Notes
        • Cooling Fan Control, Fuel Pump & PCM Power Relay
      • Solenoids
        • Air Injection By-Pass Solenoid
        • Air Injection Diverter Solenoid
        • Canister Vent Solenoid
        • EGR Vacuum Regulator Solenoid
        • Fuel Rail Solenoid
        • Idle Air Control Solenoid
        • Intake Manifold Runner Control Solenoid
        • Intake Manifold Swirl Control Solenoid (Ranger 2.3L Only)
        • Intake Manifold Tuning Valve Solenoid
        • Supercharger (Boost) By-Pass Solenoid
        • Variable Cam Timing Solenoid
    • Fuel Systems
      • Fuel Delivery
        • Fuel Pressure Regulator
        • Fuel Pump Relay
        • Fuel System Pressure Check
      • Fuel Control
        • Fuel Injector
    • Idle Control System
      • Idle Air Control Solenoid
    • Ignition Systems
    • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
      • Catalytic Converter
      • Emissions Compliance
        • Notes
        • Diagnostic Routines
      • Fuel Evaporation
        • Notes
        • Canister Vent Solenoid
        • EVAP Canister (All Models)
        • EVAP Canister Purge Valve
      • Secondary Air Injection
      • EGR Systems
        • Electric Exhaust Gas Recirculation (Ranger 2.3L Only)
        • Exhaust Gas Recirculation
      • Positive Crankcase Ventilation
    • Evaporative Emission System Tests
      • Notes
      • Canister Vent Solenoid Closing Procedure
      • Evaporative Emissions System Leak Test
      • Hissing Sound When Removing Fuel Cap
        • Notes
        • Blackwood, Econoline, Escape, Excursion, Expedition, Explorer, F250-550 Super Duty Pickup, Mountaineer, Navigator, Ranger & Windstar
        • Continental
        • Crown Victoria, Grand Marquis & Town Car
        • Escort, Escort ZX2 & Focus
        • F150 Pickup
        • LS & Thunderbird
        • Mustang
        • Sable & Taurus
      • Excessive Fuel Odor
        • Notes
        • Blackwood, Econoline, Escape, Expedition, Excursion, Explorer, F250-550 Super Duty Pickup, Mountaineer, Navigator, Ranger & Windstar
        • Continental, Escort, Escort ZX2, Focus, Crown Victoria, Grand Marquis, Sable, Taurus & Town Car
        • F150 Pickup
        • LS & Thunderbird
        • Mustang
      • Unable To Refuel Vehicle
        • Notes
        • Continental, Crown Victoria, Escape, Grand Marquis & Town Car
        • Escort, Escort ZX2, Focus, Ranger, Sable & Taurus (With ORVR Only)
        • LS & Thunderbird
        • Mustang
        • Windstar
  • Testing & Diagnosis
    • Engine Controls - System & Component Tests - EEC-V - Gasoline
      • Introduction
        • Notes
        • Engine Cover
          • Removal & Installation
      • Air Induction Systems
        • Intake Air Control
          • Intake Manifold Runner Control Solenoid
          • Intake Manifold Swirl Control Solenoid
          • Intake Manifold Tuning Valve Solenoid
      • Computerized Engine Controls
        • Powertrain Control Module
          • Ground Circuits
          • Power Circuits
      • Engine Sensors & Switches
        • Switches
          • Brake Pedal Applied/Brake Pedal Position Switch
          • Clutch Pedal Position Switch
          • Inertia Fuel Shutoff Switch
          • Park/Neutral Position Or Clutch Pedal Position Switch
          • Power Steering Pressure Switch
          • Reverse Switch
          • Transmission Control Switch
        • Sensors
          • Notes
          • Air Conditioning Evaporator Temperature Sensor
          • Air Conditioning Pressure Sensor
          • Barometric Pressure Sensor
          • Camshaft Position Sensor
          • Crankshaft Position Sensor
          • Cylinder Head Temperature Sensor
          • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensor
          • Engine Oil Temperature Sensor
          • Engine Fuel Temperature Sensor
          • Fuel Rail Pressure Sensor
          • Heated Oxygen Sensor
          • Intake Air Temperature Sensor
          • Intake Air Temperature 2 Sensor (F150 Lightning 5.4L SC Only)
          • Knock Sensor
          • Mass Airflow Sensor
          • Output Shaft Speed Sensor
          • Power Steering Pressure Sensor
          • Thermal Manifold Absolute Pressure Sensor
          • Throttle Position Sensor
          • Transfer Case Speed Sensor
          • Vehicle Speed Sensor
      • Relays & Solenoids
        • Relays
          • Notes
          • Cooling Fan Control, Fuel Pump & PCM Power Relay
        • Solenoids
          • Air Injection By-Pass Solenoid
          • Air Injection Diverter Solenoid
          • Canister Vent Solenoid
          • EGR Vacuum Regulator Solenoid
          • Fuel Rail Solenoid
          • Idle Air Control Solenoid
          • Intake Manifold Runner Control Solenoid
          • Intake Manifold Swirl Control Solenoid (Ranger 2.3L Only)
          • Intake Manifold Tuning Valve Solenoid
          • Supercharger (Boost) By-Pass Solenoid
          • Variable Cam Timing Solenoid
      • Fuel Systems
        • Fuel Delivery
          • Fuel Pressure Regulator
          • Fuel Pump Relay
          • Fuel System Pressure Check
        • Fuel Control
          • Fuel Injector
      • Idle Control System
        • Idle Air Control Solenoid
      • Ignition Systems
      • Emission Systems & Sub-Systems
        • Catalytic Converter
        • Emissions Compliance
          • Notes
          • Diagnostic Routines
        • Fuel Evaporation
          • Notes
          • Canister Vent Solenoid
          • EVAP Canister (All Models)
          • EVAP Canister Purge Valve
        • Secondary Air Injection
        • EGR Systems
          • Electric Exhaust Gas Recirculation (Ranger 2.3L Only)
          • Exhaust Gas Recirculation
        • Positive Crankcase Ventilation
      • Evaporative Emission System Tests
        • Notes
        • Canister Vent Solenoid Closing Procedure
        • Evaporative Emissions System Leak Test
        • Hissing Sound When Removing Fuel Cap
          • Notes
          • Blackwood, Econoline, Escape, Excursion, Expedition, Explorer, F250-550 Super Duty Pickup, Mountaineer, Navigator, Ranger & Windstar
          • Continental
          • Crown Victoria, Grand Marquis & Town Car
          • Escort, Escort ZX2 & Focus
          • F150 Pickup
          • LS & Thunderbird
          • Mustang
          • Sable & Taurus
        • Excessive Fuel Odor
          • Notes
          • Blackwood, Econoline, Escape, Expedition, Excursion, Explorer, F250-550 Super Duty Pickup, Mountaineer, Navigator, Ranger & Windstar
          • Continental, Escort, Escort ZX2, Focus, Crown Victoria, Grand Marquis, Sable, Taurus & Town Car
          • F150 Pickup
          • LS & Thunderbird
          • Mustang
        • Unable To Refuel Vehicle
          • Notes
          • Continental, Crown Victoria, Escape, Grand Marquis & Town Car
          • Escort, Escort ZX2, Focus, Ranger, Sable & Taurus (With ORVR Only)
          • LS & Thunderbird
          • Mustang
          • Windstar
  • Vacuum Diagrams - Trucks
    • Introduction
      • Notes
      • Pcm Calibrations
      • Protocol 3 Code Descriptions
    • Vacuum Hose Diagram(S)
      • BLACKWOOD, Expedition, F150 Pickup & Navigator
      • ECONOLINE
      • Escape
      • Excursion & F250-550 Super Duty Pickup
      • Explorer & Mountaineer
      • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC
      • Ranger
      • Villager
      • WINDSTAR
  • Engine Performance - Wiring Diagrams
    • Wiring Diagrams
      • BLACKWOOD
      • Continental
      • Cougar
      • Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis
      • ECONOLINE
      • Escape
      • Escort
      • Escort ZX2
      • Excursion & Pickup (F250/F550)
      • Expedition & Navigator
      • Explorer & Mountaineer
      • Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport TRAC
      • Focus
      • LS
      • Mustang
      • Pickup (F150)
      • Ranger
      • Sable & TAURUS
      • THUNDERBIRD
      • Town Car
      • Villager
      • WINDSTAR
• General Information
  • Abbreviations
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "J"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "Q"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
  • Basic Trouble Shooting
    • Basic Trouble Shooting - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Accessories & Electrical
        • Charging System Trouble Shooting
        • Ignition System Trouble Shooting
        • Starter Trouble Shooting
      • Air Conditioning & Heat
        • Air Conditioning Trouble Shooting
        • Heater System Trouble Shooting
      • Brakes
        • Brake System Trouble Shooting
      • Engine Mechanical
        • Cooling System Trouble Shooting
        • Gasoline Engine - Mechanical Trouble Shooting
      • Engine Performance
        • Carburetor Trouble Shooting:
        • Diesel Engine Trouble Shooting
        • Fuel Injection Trouble Shooting
        • Ignition System Trouble Shooting
        • Starter Trouble Shooting
        • Tune-Up Trouble Shooting - Gas Engine Vehicles
        • Vacuum Pump - Diesel Trouble Shooting
      • Manual Transmission
        • Manual Transmission Trouble Shooting
      • Powertrain
        • Clutch Trouble Shooting
        • Drive Axle - Noise Diagnosis
          • Unrelated Noises
          • Non-Drive Axle Noises
          • Gear Noise
          • Chuckle
          • Knock
          • Clunk
          • Bearing Whine
          • Bearing Rumble
          • Chatter On Turns
          • Axle Shaft Noise
          • Vibration
        • Drive Axle - RWD Trouble Shooting
        • Fwd Axle Shafts & CV Joints Trouble Shooting
      • Steering & Suspension
        • Manual Steering Gear Trouble Shooting
        • Power Steering Trouble Shooting
        • Steering Column Trouble Shooting
        • Suspension Trouble Shooting
        • Wheel Alignment Trouble Shooting
    • Commonly Used Abbreviations - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "J"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "Q"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Emission Control Abbreviations
      • "A"
      • "B"
      • "C"
      • "D"
      • "E"
      • "F"
      • "G"
      • "H"
      • "I"
      • "K"
      • "L"
      • "M"
      • "N"
      • "O"
      • "P"
      • "R"
      • "S"
      • "T"
      • "V"
      • "W"
    • Engine Performance - Trouble Shooting - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Engine Performance
  • Brakes
    • Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Anti-Lock Brake Safety Precautions
    • Map - Brake Systems
      • Brake Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Accelerometers
        • Accumulators
        • Anchor Pins
        • Anti-Lock Brake Control Assembly(Module)
        • Anti-Lock Brake Controller
        • Anti-Lock Brake Systems
        • Axle Seal
        • Backing Plates
        • Bleeder Screw
        • Brake Abs Active Light (Blue)
        • Brake Fluid
        • Brake Friction Material
        • Brake On - Off Switch
        • Brake Pads
        • Brake Pedals
        • Brake Shoe Hardware
        • Brake Shoes
        • Brake Stoplight Switches
        • Brake Warning Light (Amber)
        • Brake Warning Light (Red)
        • Bulb Sockets
        • Bulbs And LEDS
        • Caliper Hardware
        • Caliper Mounting Pin
        • Caliper Piston
        • Caliper Shim
        • Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt) Dust Boot
        • Caliper Slider Pin (Bolt)
        • Calipers
        • Combination Valve
        • Controllers
        • Digital Ratio Axle Controllers And Buffers (Drab And Dram)
        • Disable Switches
        • Drums
        • Electrical Brake Pumps
        • Electrical Park Motor
        • Electrical Pumps And Motors
        • Electro-Magnetic Interference
        • Electronic Brake Control Modulator
        • Electronic Brake Distribution
        • Electronic Brake Traction Control Module
        • Electronic Controllers
        • Electronic Traction Control
        • External Brake Cable
        • Flow Control Valve
        • Fluid Level Sensor Switches
        • Fluid
        • Four Wheel Drive Switches
        • Friction Material
        • G Sensors
        • Gaskets
        • Gravitational Switches
        • Grease Seal
        • Height Sensing Proportioning Valve
        • High Pressure Accumulator
        • Hoses
        • Hub
        • Hydraulic Control Unit
        • Hydraulic Modulators
        • Hydro-Boosters
        • Hydro-Electric Boosters (POWERMASTER)
        • Ignition Disable Switches
        • Lamp Driver Relay
        • Lateral Acceleration Switches
        • LEDS
        • Lenses
        • Low Pressure Accumulator
        • Lug Nut
        • Master Cylinder Cover Gasket
        • Master Cylinders
        • Modulators
        • Motor Pack
        • Motors
        • Pads
        • Parking Brake Cable
        • Parking Brake Mechanism
        • Parking Brake Shoes
        • Parking Brake Switches
        • Parking Brake Systems
        • Pedal Travel Switches
        • Pedals
        • Power Distribution Center
        • POWERMASTER
        • Pressure Differential Switches
        • Pressure Switches
        • Pressure Transducers
        • Proportioning Valve
        • Pumps
        • Relays
        • RELUCTOR (Speed) Ring
        • Rotors
        • Self-Adjusting Systems
        • Shoe Hardware
        • Shoes
        • Sockets
        • Speed Sensor (RELUCTOR) Ring
        • Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
        • Star Wheel
        • Steel Brake Lines
        • Stoplight Switches
        • Stroke Sensor
        • Switches
        • Tires
        • Tone Ring
        • Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
        • Traction Control System (TCS)
        • Transfer Tubes
        • Vacuum Boosters
        • Vacuum Hoses
        • Valves
        • Wear Indicator
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
        • Wheel Cylinders
        • Wiring Harnesses
        • Yaw Rate Sensor
      • Brake System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Map - Routine Inspection Reference Guide
      • Routine Inspection Reference Guide
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Maintenance Overview
          • Antifreeze/Coolant
          • Visual Inspection
          • Radiator Cap Test
          • Engine Fan
          • Cooling System Power Flush And Refill
          • Belts (Except Timing Belts)
          • Belt TENSIONER
          • Automatic Transmission Fluid
          • Automatic Transmission Fluid Exchange & Filter Replacement
          • Engine Oil
          • Air Filters
          • Cabin Air Filter
          • Brake Fluid
          • Battery
          • Battery Cables
          • Power Steering
          • Power Steering Fluid
          • Wiper Blades
        • Routine Inspection CHECKSHEET
        • Routine Inspection - UICS
          • Brake Systems
            • Notes
            • Brake Fluid
            • Bulbs And LEDS
            • Hoses
            • Lenses
            • Lug Nut
            • Master Cylinder Cover Gasket
            • Parking Brake Cable
            • Vacuum Hoses
            • Wheel Attachment Hardware
            • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
          • Drivetrain And Transmission
            • Notes
            • Automatic Transmission Fluid
            • Clutch Master Cylinders
            • Cooler Lines
            • Coolers
            • Differential Fluid
            • Drain Plugs And Gaskets
            • Filters And Screens
            • Fluids And Lubricants
            • Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
            • Hydraulic Fluid
            • Lubricants
            • Manual Transmission Fluid
            • Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
            • Transfer Case Fluid
            • Vacuum Hoses
          • Electrical Systems
            • Batteries
            • Battery Cables
            • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
            • Bulbs, Sealed Beams And LEDS
            • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
            • Ground Cables And Straps
            • Ground Straps
            • Lenses
            • Sealed Beams
            • Washer Pumps
            • Wiper Arms And Blades
            • Wiper Hoses And Nozzles
            • Wiper Pump Reservoirs
          • Engine Performance And Maintenance
            • Notes
            • Accessory Belts
            • Air Filter Elements
            • Air Filter Gaskets
            • Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
            • Air Pump Belts
            • Batteries
            • Battery Connectors
            • Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
            • Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
            • Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
            • Combustion Chamber Cleaning
            • Coolant Recovery Tanks
            • Coolant
            • Distributor Caps
            • Distributor Rotors
            • Engine Cooling Systems
            • Engine DECARBONIZATION
            • Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
            • Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
            • Engine Oil
            • Fuel Filters
            • Fuel Injector Cleaning
            • Fuel Injectors
            • Fuel System Cleaning Service
            • Hose Clamps
            • Hose Connectors
            • Hose Couplers
            • Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
            • Ignition Wires (Secondary)
            • Intake Cleaning
            • O2 Sensors
            • PCV Breather Elements
            • PCV Valves
            • Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
            • Spark Plugs
            • Thermostats And Housings
            • Throttle Body Cleaning
            • Timing Belts
            • Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
          • Exhaust Systems
            • Notes
            • Exhaust And Tail Pipes
          • Heating, Ventilation And Air Conditioning Systems
            • Notes
            • Belts
            • Cabin Air Filters
            • Coolant
            • Evaporator Drain Tubes
            • Evaporator Filters
            • In-Line Filters
            • Vacuum Hoses And Tubes
          • Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
            • Notes
            • Hydraulic Hoses
            • Power Steering Belts
            • Power Steering Fluid
            • Power Steering Hoses
            • Shock Absorbers, Strut Cartridges And Strut Assemblies
            • Strut Rods
            • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
            • Tire Pressure Sensors
            • Tires
            • Valve Stems
            • Wheel Attachment Hardware
            • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
      • Wheel & Tire Supplement
        • Notes
        • Tires
        • Mounting Tires
        • Vehicle Tire Placard
        • Tire Rotation
        • Wheel Lug Nut Torque & Clamping Force
        • Popular Tire Rotation Patterns
        • Wheels And Rims
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems
        • Wheels & Tires CHECKSHEET
        • Wheel & Tire - UICS
          • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
          • Tire Pressure Sensors
          • Tires
          • Wheel Alignment
          • Wheel Attachment Hardware
          • Wheels (Rims)
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
  • Check Lists
    • Symptom Check List Worksheet - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Purpose
        • Notes
        • Why Use the Symptom Check List Worksheets?
        • Making the Worksheets a Part of Your Normal Routine
      • Symptom Check List Worksheets
        • Condensed Version - All On One Page
        • Full Version - All On Four Pages
        • Individual System-Based Check Lists
  • Computer Relearn Procedures
    • Introduction
      • Body Controls
      • Engine Controls
    • CHRYSLER Corp.
      • A/C Calibration (Caravan, Town & Country, & Voyager)
        • Description
        • Procedure
      • A/C Calibration (CONCORDE, Intrepid & 300M)
      • Body Control Module (CONCORDE, Intrepid, SEBRING Convertible, SEBRING Sedan, Stratus Sedan & 300M)
      • Drive Learn Procedure (DAKOTA - 4.7L, DURANGO - 4.7L & Ram Pickup 1500 - 4.7L)
        • Notes
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth 1st Neutral To Drive Shift
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth Neutral To Drive Garage Shift
        • Procedure To Learn The 1st 2-3 Shift After A Restart Or Shift To Reverse
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth 2-3 & 3-4 Upshift
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth 4-3 Coastdown & Part Throttle 4-3 Kickdown
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth 1-2 Upshift & 3-2 Kickdown
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth Manual 2-1 Pulldown Shift As Well As A Neutral To Reverse Shift
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth Neutral To Reverse Shift
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth 4-5 Upshift for 545RFE
      • Engine Control Module Programming (Diesel)
      • Immobilizer System (SEBRING Coupe & Stratus Coupe)
        • Notes
        • Encrypted Code Registration
        • Key ID Registration
      • Instrument Cluster (Ram Van & Ram Wagon)
      • Pinion Factor Procedure
        • Except Concorde, Durango - With NGC, Intrepid & 300M
        • Concorde, Durango - With NGC, Intrepid & 300M
      • Power Liftgate Learn Cycle (Caravan & Town & Country)
        • Description
        • Procedure
      • Power Sliding Door Learn Cycle (Caravan & Town & Country)
        • Description
        • Procedure
      • Powertrain Control Module Programming (Except Ram Pickup 2500 & 3500 - Gasoline, Ram Van & Ram Wagon)
      • Powertrain Control Module Programming (Ram Pickup 2500 & 3500 - Gasoline, Ram Van & Ram Wagon)
      • Sentry Key Immobilizer Module Programming
      • Programming Ignition Keys To Sentry Key Immobilizer Module
        • Using Scan Tool
        • Programming Ignition Keys Using Customer Learn Method
      • Torque Converter Clutch Break-In Procedure (CONCORDE, Intrepid & 300M)
        • Description
        • Break-In Procedure
      • Transmission Shift Quality Quick Learn Procedure (DAKOTA - 4.7L, DURANGO - 4.7L & Ram Pickup 1500 - 4.7L)
      • Transaxle Shift Quality Quick Learn Procedure
      • Vehicle DRIVEABILITY Computer Relearn Procedure
    • Ford Motor Co.
      • Notes
      • Control Module Programming
        • Notes
        • Programmable Module Installation Procedure
        • Steering Column Lock Actuator Module Parameter Reset (LS - Manual Transmission Only)
      • Customer Preferences
      • Instrument Cluster Programming
        • Notes
        • Instrument Cluster Programming Procedure "A"
        • Instrument Cluster Programming Procedure "B"
        • Security Access Procedure
      • Power Sliding Door Initialization (WINDSTAR Only)
      • Programming Powertrain Control Module (All Models)
        • Notes
        • Description
        • Flash Vehicle Identification (VID) Block Procedure
      • Rear Ride Height Initializing Procedure (BLACKWOOD Only)
        • Calibration Procedure
    • General Motors (Cars)
      • Notes
      • Crankshaft Position Sensor System Variation Learn Procedure
        • Alero, Aurora - 4.0L, Bonneville, Cavalier - 2.2L, Century, Corvette, Deville, Eldorado, Grand Am, Grand Prix, Impala, LeSabre, Malibu, Monte Carlo, Park Avenue, Regal, Seville & Sunfire - 2.2L
        • Camaro & Firebird - 3.8L
        • Camaro & Firebird - 5.7L
        • Cavalier & Sunfire - 2.4L
        • Intrigue - 3.5L
        • Saturn - 1.9L
        • Saturn - 2.2L
      • Engine Control Module
        • Saturn - 3.0L
      • Idle Air Control Valve Learn Procedure
        • Deville, Eldorado & Seville
      • Powertrain Control Module
        • Alero - 2.2L, Cavalier, Grand Am - 2.2L, Saturn - 1.9L & Sunfire
        • Remote Programming (Alero - 3.4L, Aurora, Bonneville, Camaro, Century, Deville, Eldorado, Firebird, Grand Am, Grand Prix, Impala, Intrigue, LeSabre, Malibu, Monte Carlo, Park Avenue, Regal & Seville)
        • Off-Board Programming (Alero - 3.4L, Aurora, Bonneville, Camaro, Century, Deville, Eldorado, Firebird, Grand Am, Grand Prix, Impala, Intrigue, LeSabre, Malibu, Monte Carlo, Park Avenue, Regal & Seville)
        • Remote Programming (Corvette)
        • Off-Board Programming (Corvette)
      • Theft Deterrent System Components
        • 10-Minute Learn Procedure (Alero, Cavalier, Century, Corvette, Grand Am, Impala, Malibu, Monte Carlo, Regal & Sunfire)
        • 30-Minute Learn Procedure (Alero, Cavalier, Century, Corvette, Grand Am, Impala, Malibu, Monte Carlo, Regal & Sunfire)
        • Set Up A New Theft Deterrent Control Module (Aurora, Bonneville, Deville, Eldorado, Intrigue, LeSabre, Park Avenue & Seville)
        • 10-Minute Learn Procedure (Aurora, Bonneville, Deville, Eldorado, Intrigue, LeSabre, Park Avenue & Seville)
        • 30-Minute Learn Procedure (Aurora, Bonneville, Deville, Eldorado, Intrigue, LeSabre, Park Avenue & Seville)
        • Passlock™ Anti-Theft Seed & Key Method (Saturn - 1.9L)
        • Passlock™ Anti-Theft Auto Learn Method (Saturn - 1.9L)
        • Auto Learn Method (Saturn - 2.2L & 3.0L)
        • Saturn Service Stall Method (Saturn - 2.2L & 3.0L)
      • Throttle Body Relearn Procedure
        • Saturn - 3.0L
      • Throttle Position Sensor Learn Procedure
        • Deville, Eldorado & Seville
    • General Motors (Trucks & Vans)
      • Notes
      • Crankshaft Position Sensor System Variation Learn Procedure
        • Avalanche, Astro, Aztek, Blazer, Bravada, Cab & Chassis - 8.1L, Chevy Express - 4.3L, 5.0L, 5.7L & 8.1L, Cutaway - 5.7L & 8.1L, Envoy, Envoy XL, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Jimmy Canadian, Montana, Rendezvous, RV Cutaway - 5.7L & 8.1L, S10 Pickup, Safari, Savana - 4.3L, 5.0L, 5.7L & 8.1L, Savana Camper Special -5.7L & 8.1L, Savana Special - 5.7L & 8.1L, Sierra - 4.3L, 4.8L, 5.3L, 6.0L & 8.1L, Silhouette, Silverado - 4.3L, 4.8L, 5.3L, 6.0L & 8.1L, Sonoma, Suburban, Tahoe, Trailblazer, Venture, Yukon & Yukon XL
        • Vue - 2.2L
      • Engine Control Module Programming
        • Remote Programming (Sierra & Silverado - 6.6L)
        • Off-Board Programming (Sierra & Silverado - 6.6L)
        • Vue - 2.2L
        • Vue - 3.0L
      • Fuel Injection Pump Top Dead Center Offset Adjustment
        • Learning A TDC Offset (Cab & Chassis, Chevy Express, Cutaway, RV Cutaway, Savana, Savana Camper Special & Savana Special - 6.5L)
      • Glow Plug System Relearn Procedure
        • Cab & Chassis, Chevy Express, Cutaway, RV Cutaway, Savana, Savana Camper Special & Savana Special - 6.5L
      • Powertrain Control Module
        • Remote Programming (Avalanche, Astro, Aztek, Blazer, Bravada, Cab & Chassis - 8.1L, Chevy Express - 5.0L, 5.7L & 8.1L, Cutaway - 5.7L & 8.1L, Envoy, Envoy XL, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Jimmy Canadian, Montana, Rendezvous, RV Cutaway - 5.7L & 8.1L, S10 Pickup - 4.3L, Safari, Savana - 5.0L, 5.7L & 8.1L, Savana Camper Special - 5.7L & 8.1L, Savana Special - 5.7L & 8.1L, Sierra - 4.3L, 4.8L, 5.3L, 6.0L & 8.1L, Silhouette, Silverado - 4.3L, 4.8L, 5.3L, 6.0L & 8.1L, Sonoma - 4.3L, Suburban, Tahoe, Trailblazer, Venture, Yukon & Yukon XL)
        • Off-Board Programming (Avalanche, Astro, Aztek, Blazer, Bravada, Cab & Chassis - 8.1L, Chevy Express - 5.0L, 5.7L & 8.1L, Cutaway - 5.7L & 8.1L, Envoy, Envoy XL, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Jimmy Canadian, Montana, Rendezvous, RV Cutaway - 5.7L & 8.1L, S10 Pickup - 4.3L, Safari, Savana - 5.0L, 5.7L & 8.1L, Savana Camper Special - 5.7L & 8.1L, Savana Special - 5.7L & 8.1L, Sierra - 4.3L, 4.8L, 5.3L, 6.0L & 8.1L, Silhouette, Silverado - 4.3L, 4.8L, 5.3L, 6.0L & 8.1L, Sonoma - 4.3L, Suburban, Tahoe, Trailblazer, Venture, Yukon & Yukon XL)
        • PCM Programming (Cab & Chassis, Chevy Express, Cutaway, RV Cutaway, Savana, Savana Camper Special & Savana Special - 6.5L)
        • Programming TDC Offset (Cab & Chassis, Chevy Express, Cutaway, RV Cutaway, Savana, Savana Camper Special & Savana Special - 6.5L)
        • PCM Programming (S10 Pickup - 2.2L, Sonoma - 2.2L & Tracker)
      • Theft Deterrent System Components
        • 10-Minute Learn Procedure (Avalanche, Astro, Blazer, Cab & Chassis, Chevy Express, Cutaway, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Jimmy Canadian, RV Cutaway, S10 Pickup, Safari, Savana, Savana Camper Special & Savana Special, Sierra, Silverado, Sonoma, Suburban, Tahoe, Yukon & Yukon XL)
        • 30-Minute Learn Procedure (Avalanche, Astro, Blazer, Cab & Chassis, Chevy Express, Cutaway, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Jimmy Canadian, RV Cutaway, S10 Pickup, Safari, Savana, Savana Camper Special & Savana Special, Sierra, Silverado, Sonoma, Suburban, Tahoe, Yukon & Yukon XL)
        • Set Up a New Theft Deterrent Control Module (Aztek, Montana, Rendezvous, Silhouette & Venture)
        • 10-Minute Learn Procedure (Aztek, Montana, Rendezvous, Silhouette & Venture)
        • 30-Minute Learn Procedure (Aztek, Montana, Rendezvous, Silhouette & Venture)
        • 10 Minute Learn Procedure With Standard Key (Bravada, Envoy, Envoy XL & Trailblazer)
        • 30 Minute Learn Procedure With Standard Key (Bravada, Envoy, Envoy XL & Trailblazer)
        • Procedure To Set Up New Theft Deterrent Control Module With Transponder Key (Bravada, Envoy, Envoy XL & Trailblazer)
        • 10 Minute Re-Learn Procedure (Bravada, Envoy, Envoy XL & Trailblazer)
        • Auto Learn Method (Vue)
        • Saturn Service Stall Method (Vue)
      • Throttle Body Relearn Procedure
        • Vue - 3.0L
    • Jeep
      • Drive Learn Procedure (Grand CHEROKEE & Liberty)
        • Notes
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth 1st Neutral To Drive Shift
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth Neutral To Drive Garage Shift
        • Procedure To Learn The 1st 2-3 Shift After A Restart Or Shift To Reverse
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth 2-3 & 3-4 Upshift
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth 4-3 Coastdown & Part Throttle 4-3 Kickdown
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth 1-2 Upshift & 3-2 Kickdown
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth Manual 2-1 Pulldown Shift As Well As A Neutral To Reverse Shift
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth Neutral To Reverse Shift
        • Procedure To Learn A Smooth 4-5 Upshift for 545RFE
      • Powertrain Control Module Programming
        • Notes
        • Updating Secret Key Data
      • Sentry Key Immobilizer Module Programming
      • Programming Ignition Keys To Sentry Key Immobilizer Module
        • Using Scan Tool
        • Using Customer Learn Method
      • Shift Quality Quick-Learn Procedure (Grand CHEROKEE & Liberty)
        • Overview
        • Quick-Learn Procedure
  • OBD-II Drive Cycles
    • 1996-99 Gasoline Models (Except Villager)
      • Introduction
      • Vehicle Preparation for OBD-II or Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycle
      • OBD-II Drive Cycle
      • Monitor Repair Verification Drive Cycles
    • 1996 Villager
      • OBD-II Drive Cycle Test Procedure
      • Misfire Detection Repair Verification Drive Cycle
    • 1997-99 Villager
      • OBD-II Drive Cycle
    • 2000-04 Gasoline Models
      • Introduction
      • Drive Cycle Recommendations
      • Drive Cycle Procedures
    • 2005-09 Gasoline Models
      • Description of On Board Diagnostic (OBD) Drive Cycle
        • Notes
        • Drive Cycle Recommendations
    • 2010-12 Gasoline Models (Except Fiesta)
      • Description of On Board Diagnostic (OBD) Drive Cycle
      • Drive Cycle Recommendations
    • 2011-12 Fiesta
      • Description of On Board Diagnostic (OBD) Drive Cycle
      • Drive Cycle Recommendations
    • 2003-07 6.0L Diesel
      • Description
      • Drive Cycle Procedure:
    • 2008-10 6.4L Diesel
      • Description
      • Drive Cycle Procedure:
    • 2011-12 6.7L Diesel
      • Description
      • Drive Cycle Procedure
    • 1996-03 7.3L Diesel
      • Description
      • Performing Drive Cycle
    • 2005-09 Hybrid
      • Description
      • Drive Cycle Recommendations
    • 2005-12 Escape Hybrid
      • Description
      • Drive Cycle
    • 2011-12 Fusion Hybrid
      • Description
      • Drive Cycle Recommendations
  • Driveline/Axles
    • Drive Axle Noise Diagnosis - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Unrelated Noises
      • Non-Drive Axle Noises
      • Gear Noise
      • Chuckle
      • Knock
      • Clunk
      • Bearing Whine
      • Bearing Rumble
      • Chatter On Turns
      • Axle Shaft Noise
      • Vibration
    • Gear Tooth Contact Patterns - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Inspection
        • Notes
        • Gear Tooth Contact Pattern
      • Adjustments
        • Notes
        • Gear Backlash & Pinion Shim Changes
    • Map - Drive Train & Transmission
      • Drive Train & Transmission Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Drivetrain And Transmission
        • Notes
        • Actuators (Electrical)
        • Actuators (Vacuum)
        • Automatic Transmission / Transaxle Assemblies/CVTS
        • Automatic Transmission Fluid
        • Axles
        • Bearings And Races
        • Bell Cranks
        • Bell Housings
        • Bushings (External)
        • Cables (Speedometer)
        • Cables (TV, Detent And Shift)
        • Carrier Bearings
        • Clutch Cables And Cable Housings
        • Clutch Discs (Manual Transmissions)
        • Clutch Forks
        • Clutch Linkages (Mechanical)
        • Clutch Master Cylinders
        • Clutch Pedals
        • Clutch Pivots
        • Clutch Pressure Plates
        • Clutch Release Bearings
        • Clutch Slave Cylinders (Concentric)
        • Clutch Slave Cylinders (Conventional Or External)
        • Companion Flanges
        • Connectors
        • Cooler Bypass Valves
        • Cooler Lines
        • Coolers
        • CV Joints
        • Differential And Final Drive Assemblies
        • Differential Fluid
        • Dip Stick Tubes
        • Dip Sticks (Fluid Level Indicators)
        • Dowel Pins, Guides And Pilot Holes
        • Drain Plugs And Gaskets
        • Drive Shaft Flanges
        • Drive Shafts And Half Shafts
        • Dust Boots
        • Engine Mounts
        • Exciter Rings
        • Filler Tubes
        • Filters And Screens
        • Flanges
        • Flex Plates
        • Fluid Level Indicators
        • Fluids And Lubricants
        • Flywheels
        • Force Motors
        • Gaskets
        • Guides
        • Half Shafts
        • Hoses, Lines, And Tubes
        • Housings (Bell, Case, Tail(Extension) And Auxiliary)
        • Hydraulic Fluid
        • Intermediate Shaft Support Bearings
        • Key Interlock Systems
        • Limited Slips
        • Lines
        • Linkages (External)
        • Locking Hub Assemblies
        • Locking Hub Control Knobs
        • Lubricants
        • Manual Transmission Fluid
        • Manual Transmission/Transaxle Assemblies
        • Metal Clad Seals
        • METALASTIC Joints
        • Modulator Pins
        • Modulators
        • Mounts (Engine, Transaxle And Transmission)
        • Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
        • Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
        • Oil Pans
        • Pans
        • Pilot Holes
        • Pressure Plates
        • Pressure Switches
        • Races
        • Rubber Joints (METALASTIC)
        • Screens
        • Seals (Metal Clad)
        • Seals
        • Selector Interlock Systems
        • Sensors
        • Servos
        • Shift Interlock Systems (Selector And Key Interlock Systems)
        • Side Covers
        • Slip Yokes
        • Solenoids
        • Speed Sensors (Electronic Wheel And Vehicle)
        • Speedometer- Driven Gear Housing
        • Speedometer/Odometer Drives (Mechanical)
        • Speedometer/Odometer Heads (Mechanical)
        • Speedometers/Odometers (Electronic)
        • Switches
        • Tone Wheels
        • Toothed Rings (Tone Wheel)
        • Torque Converters
        • Transaxle Mounts
        • Transducers (Transmission)
        • Transfer Case Assemblies
        • Transfer Case Fluid
        • Transmission Coolers
        • Transmission Mounts
        • Transmission Pans
        • Transmission Range Indicators (PRNDL)
        • Tubes
        • Universal Joints (CARDAN Or Cross Type)
        • Vacuum Controls
        • Vacuum Hoses
        • Vacuum Motors
        • Vacuum-Operated Switches
        • Vehicle Speed Sensors
        • Vents
        • Vibration Dampers
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Speed Sensors
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
        • Yokes And Slip Yokes
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Trouble Shooting - Clutches - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • All Models
  • DTC Index
    • A/C-Heater System DTCS
    • Air Bag Restraint DTCS
    • Anti-Lock Brakes DTCS
    • Anti-Theft Systems DTCS
    • Automatic Transmission DTCS
    • Handles, Locks, Latches And Entry Systems DTCS
    • Instrument Cluster DTCS
    • Lighting (Interior) DTCS
    • MULTIFUNCTION Electronic Module DTCS
    • Power Windows DTCS
    • Self-Diagnostics DTCS
    • Steering Column Switches DTCS
    • Transfer Case DTCS
    • Warning Devices
    • Wiper/Washer System DTCS
  • Electrical
    • Map - Electrical Systems
      • Electrical Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Actuator Motors (Electric)
        • Actuator Motors (Vacuum)
        • Air Bags
        • Alternators And Generators
        • Amplifiers
        • Antennas
        • Batteries
        • Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
        • Battery Cables
        • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
        • Battery Wires
        • Belts
        • Bulb Sockets
        • Bulbs, Sealed Beams And LEDS
        • Cd Players
        • Cigarette Lighter Assemblies
        • Circuit Breakers
        • Clutch Switches
        • Connectors
        • Control Modules
        • Cruise Control Brake Switches
        • Cruise Control Cables
        • Cruise Control Clutch Switches
        • Cruise Control Linkages And Cables
        • Cruise Control Reservoirs
        • Cruise Control Tubes
        • Cruise Control Vacuum Dump Release Valves
        • Cruise Control Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And
        • Cruise Control Vehicle Speed Sensors
        • Defoggers
        • Defrosters
        • Delays
        • Dimmers
        • Electric Heaters
        • Equalizers
        • Fuse Blocks
        • Fuse Boxes And Blocks
        • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
        • Fusible Links
        • Gauges
        • Generators
        • Ground Cables And Straps
        • Ground Straps
        • Headlight Adjusters
        • Heating Elements (Defrosters, Defoggers, Electric Heaters And Seats)
        • Horns And Sirens
        • Ignition Switches
        • Indicator Lights
        • Keyless Entry Keypads And Transmitters
        • Keyless Entry Transmitters
        • LEDS
        • Lenses
        • Microphones
        • Mirrors (ELECTROCHROMATIC And Heated)
        • Motors
        • Neutral Safety Switches
        • Odometers, Speedometers And Tachometers (Cable Driven)
        • Odometers
        • Power Distribution Center
        • Pulleys
        • Receivers, Amplifiers, Equalizers And Sub-Woofer Volume Controls
        • Relay Boxes
        • Relays
        • Sealed Beams
        • Seat Heaters
        • Security Alarm Sensors
        • Sirens
        • Solenoids
        • Speakers And Microphones
        • Speedometer And Tachometer Linkages And Cables
        • Speedometer Cables
        • Speedometers
        • Starters
        • Sub-Woofer Volume Control
        • Switches
        • Tachometer Cables
        • Tachometers
        • Tape Players And Cd Players
        • TENSIONERS
        • Timers
        • Transceivers
        • Transducers
        • Vacuum Accumulators (Reservoirs)
        • Voltage Regulators
        • Washer Fluid Level Senders
        • Washer Pumps
        • Wiper Arms And Blades
        • Wiper Blades
        • Wiper Hoses And Nozzles
        • Wiper Linkages
        • Wiper Nozzles
        • Wiper Pump Reservoirs
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Battery, Starting & Charging System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Using lemon2025'S System Wiring Diagrams
      • Introduction
      • Wiring Diagram Features And Controls
      • Wiring Diagram Color Abbreviations
      • Wiring Diagram Symbols
      • Wiring Diagram Ground Number Locations
      • Wiring Diagram Component Locations
  • Engine
    • Engine Overhaul Procedures - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Description
      • Engine Identification
      • Inspection Procedures
        • * Please Read This First *
        • General
        • Magnetic Particle Inspection
          • Notes
          • Magnaflux & Magnaglo
        • Penetrant Inspection
          • Notes
          • Zyglo
          • Dye Check
        • Ultrasonic Inspection
        • X-Ray Inspection
        • Pressure Testing
      • Cleaning Procedures
        • * Please Read This First *
        • General
        • Bead Blasting
        • Chemical Cleaning
      • Component Cleaning
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Sheet Metal Parts
        • Intake & Exhaust Manifolds
      • Cylinder Head Replacement
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Removal
        • Installation
        • Valve Adjustment
      • Cylinder Head Overhaul
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Cylinder Head Disassembly
        • Cylinder Head Cleaning & Inspection
        • Valve Springs
        • Valve Guide
          • Notes
          • Measuring Valve Guide Clearance
          • Reaming Valve Guide
          • Replacing Valve Guide
        • Valves & Valve Seats
          • Notes
          • Valve Grinding
          • Valve Lapping
          • Valve Seat Grinding
          • Valve Seat Replacement
          • Valve Seat Concentricity
        • Cylinder Head Reassembly
          • Notes
          • Valve Stem Installed Height
        • Valve Stem Oil Seals
          • Notes
          • Replacement (On-Vehicle)
        • Valve Spring Installed Height
        • Rocker Arms & Assemblies
          • Notes
          • Rocker Studs
          • Rocker Arms & Shafts
        • Push Rods
        • Lifters
          • Notes
          • Hydraulic Lifters
          • Mechanical Lifters
      • Pistons, Connecting Rods & Bearings
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Ridge Removal
        • Piston & Connecting Rod Removal
        • Piston & Connecting Rod
          • Notes
          • Disassembly
          • Cleaning
          • Inspection
        • Piston & Cylinder Bore Fit
        • Assembling Piston & Connecting Rod
        • Checking Piston Ring Clearances
        • Piston & Connecting Rod Installation
        • Connecting Rod Side Clearance
        • Main & Connecting Rod Bearing Clearance
          • Notes
          • Plastigage Method
          • Micrometer & Telescopic Gauge Method
      • Crankshaft & Main Bearings
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Removal
        • Cleaning & Inspection
        • Installation
        • Crankshaft End Play
          • Notes
          • Dial Indicator Method
          • Feeler Gauge Method
        • Cylinder Block
          • Notes
          • Block Cleaning
          • Block Inspection
          • Cylinder Bore Inspection
          • Cylinder Honing
          • Deck Warpage
          • Deck Height
          • Main Bearing Bore & Alignment
          • Expansion Plug Removal
          • Expansion Plug Installation
          • Oil Gallery Plug Removal
          • Oil Gallery Plug Installation
      • Camshaft
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Cleaning & Inspection
        • Camshaft Bearings
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Camshaft Installation
        • Camshaft End Play
      • Timing Chains & Belts
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Timing Chains
        • Timing Belts
        • Tension Adjustment
      • Timing Gears
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Timing Gear Backlash & RUNOUT
        • Rear Main Oil Seal Installation
          • Notes
          • One-Piece Type Seal
          • Rope Type Seal
          • Split-Rubber Type Seal
      • Oil Pump
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Rotor Type
        • Gear Type
      • Break-In Procedure
        • * Please Read This First *
        • Engine Pre-Oiling
        • Initial Start-Up
        • Camshaft
        • Piston Rings
        • Final Adjustments
    • General Cooling System Service - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Description
      • Maintenance
        • Draining
        • Flushing
          • Notes
          • Radiator
          • Engine Block
        • Refilling
      • Testing
        • Thermostat
        • Pressure Testing
          • Notes
          • Radiator Cap
          • Cooling System
  • Engine Performance
    • Electrostatic Discharge Warning - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Introduction
      • Handling Static-Sensitive Circuits/Devices
      • Checking Static-Sensitive Circuits/Devices
    • Engine Performance Diagnostic Routine Outline - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Where Does DRIVEABILITY Diagnosis Start?
        • Perform Basic Inspection
        • Check For Trouble Codes
        • Diagnose Symptom
        • Test System
    • Engine Performance Safety Precautions
      • Engine Performance Safety Precautions
    • Map - Engine Performance & Maintenance
      • Engine Performance And Maintenance (Including Exhaust Systems)
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Engine Performance & Maintenance CHECKSHEET
      • Engine Performance And Maintenance
        • Notes
        • Accelerator Pedal Position Sensor
        • Accessory Belts
        • Accessory Pulleys
        • Air Conditioning Cycling Switches
        • Air Conditioning Pressure Sensors
        • Air Ducts And Tubes
        • Air Filter Elements
        • Air Filter Gaskets
        • Air Filter Housings And Gaskets
        • Air Fuel Ratio Sensors
        • Air Injection Control Solenoids
        • Air Plenums
        • Air Pump Belts
        • Air Pumps (Electric Driven)
        • Air Tubes
        • Aspirator, Check And DECEL Valves
        • Baffles
        • Ballast Primary Supply Resistor Wires
        • Ballast Resistors And Primary Supply Resistors
        • Barometric Pressure Sensors
        • Batteries
        • Battery Cables, Wires And Connectors
        • Battery Connectors
        • Battery Trays And Hold Down Hardware
        • Battery Wires
        • Belt Idler Assemblies (Accessory And Cam Belts)
        • Belt TENSIONERS (Accessory And Cam Belt)
        • Belt-Driven Air Pumps
        • Boost Control Mechanism
        • Camshaft Position Sensors
        • Carburetors And Chokes
        • Casting Core Plugs And Expansion Plugs
        • Charge Air Coolers ""INTERCOOLERS"" (CAC)
        • Check Valves
        • Chemical Engine DECARBONIZATION
        • Chokes
        • Clutch Pedal Position Switches
        • Cold Start Injectors
        • Combustion Chamber Cleaning
        • Connectors
        • Coolant Recovery Tanks
        • Coolant
        • Cooling Fan Motor Modules
        • Cooling Fan Motor Relays And Modules
        • Cooling Fan Motor Resistors
        • Cooling Fan Motor Sensors And Switches
        • Cooling Fan Motor Switches
        • Cooling Fan Motors
        • Crankshaft Position Sensors
        • Cylinder Deactivation Solenoid
        • Cylinder Head Assemblies
        • DECEL Valves
        • Deflectors
        • Dip Stick Tubes
        • Dip Sticks And Tubes
        • Distributor Advances And Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
        • Distributor Boots And Shields
        • Distributor Caps
        • Distributor Retarders (Mechanical And Vacuum)
        • Distributor Rotors
        • Distributor Shields
        • Distributors
        • Early Fuel Evaporation Valves (Heat Riser Assemblies)
        • EGR Coolers
        • EGR Exhaust Manifold Passages
        • EGR Intake And Exhaust Manifold Passages
        • EGR Plates And Coolers
        • Electronic Spark Control Modules
        • Electronic Transmission Control Devices
        • Electronic Transmission Feedback Devices
        • Engine Coolant Temperature Sensors
        • Engine Cooling Systems
        • Engine Covers (Oil Pan, Valve Cover, Timing Cover)
        • Engine DECARBONIZATION
        • Engine Oil Canisters
        • Engine Oil Coolers (External)
        • Engine Oil Drain Plugs And Gaskets
        • Engine Oil Filters And Canisters
        • Engine Oil Gaskets
        • Engine Oil Pressure Gauges (Mechanical)
        • Engine Oil
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Filters
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canister Purge Devices
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Canisters
        • Evaporative Emissions (EVAP) Feedback Devices
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Devices
        • Exhaust Gas RECIRCULATION Feedback Devices
        • Expansion Plugs
        • Fan Control Sensor
        • Fuel Accumulators And Dampers
        • Fuel And Cold Start Injectors
        • Fuel Caps
        • Fuel Dampers
        • Fuel Delivery Check Valves
        • Fuel Distributors (BOSCH Cis)
        • Fuel Filler Necks And RESTRICTORS
        • Fuel Filters
        • Fuel Injector Cleaning
        • Fuel Injectors
        • Fuel Level Senders
        • Fuel Pressure Regulators
        • Fuel Pumps (In-Tank, External, Electrical Or Mechanical)
        • Fuel Rails
        • Fuel RESTRICTORS
        • Fuel System Cleaning Service
        • Fuel Tanks
        • Fuel
        • Gaskets
        • Grommets (Valve Cover)
        • Harmonic Dampers
        • Heater Control Valves
        • Heater Cores
        • Hose Clamps
        • Hose Connectors
        • Hose Couplers
        • Hoses And Tube Couplers, Connectors And Clamps
        • Hoses And Tubes (Fuel Lines, Radiator, Vacuum, By-Pass, Heater, Recovery Tank And Oil Coolers)
        • Housings
        • Idle Air Controls
        • Idle Speed Control Actuators
        • Ignition Boots
        • Ignition Coil Towers
        • Ignition Coils
        • Ignition Control Modules (ICM)
        • Ignition Switches
        • Ignition Terminals
        • Ignition Wires (Secondary)
        • Inertia Fuel Shut-Off Switches
        • Intake Air Temperature Sensors
        • Intake Cleaning
        • Intake Manifolds
        • In-Tank Fuel Strainers
        • INTERCOOLERS
        • Knock Sensors
        • Liquid Vapor Separators
        • Long Block Assemblies
        • Manifold Absolute Pressure (Map) Sensors
        • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensors
        • Metal Air Manifolds And Pipes
        • Metal Air Pipes
        • Mix Control Solenoids
        • Motor Mounts
        • O2 Sensors
        • Oil Pans
        • Oil Pressure Sending Units
        • Oil Pump Pick-Up Screens
        • Oil Pumps
        • O-Rings, Gaskets, Seals And Spring Locks
        • Park Neutral Position Switches
        • PCV Breather Elements
        • PCV Orifices
        • PCV Valves
        • Pick-Up Assemblies (Includes Magnetic, Hall Effect And Optical)
        • Power Steering Pressure Sensors
        • Powertrain Control Modules (Pcm) And Prom
        • Powertrain Control Prom
        • Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
        • Radiator / Cooling Fan Blades
        • Radiator / Cooling Fan Clutches
        • Radiator Caps And Pressurized Expansion Tank Caps
        • Radiators
        • Roll Over Valves
        • Sealing Compounds
        • Seals
        • Secondary Air Injection System Management Devices
        • Sensors
        • Short Block Assemblies
        • Shrouds, Baffles And Deflectors
        • Spark Plugs
        • Spring Locks
        • Super Chargers
        • Switches
        • Thermal Vacuum Valves
        • Thermostatic Air Door Assemblies
        • Thermostats And Housings
        • Throttle Bodies
        • Throttle Body Cleaning
        • Throttle Cables
        • Throttle Linkages And Cables
        • Throttle Position Sensors
        • Throttle Position Switches
        • Timing Belt Sprockets
        • Timing Belts
        • Timing Covers
        • Torque Struts
        • Transmission Range Switches
        • Tube Clamps
        • Tube Connectors
        • Tube Couplers
        • Tubes
        • Turbo Chargers
        • Vacuum Connections
        • Vacuum Hoses, Tubes And Connections (Non-Metallic)
        • Vacuum Regulator Solenoids
        • Vacuum Tubes
        • Valve Covers
        • Vehicle Speed Senors
        • Volume Air Flow Sensors
        • Waste Gate And Boost Control Mechanisms
        • Waste Gate Control Solenoids
        • Water Pumps (Electric)
        • Water Pumps (Non-Electric)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Parasitic Load Explanation & Test Procedures - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • General Information
      • Testing For Parasitic Load
        • Notes
        • CHRYSLER Ignition Off Draw (IOD) Test
        • Test Procedure Using Test Switch
        • Intermittent Parasitic Load Problems
        • Diode Check & Solenoid Test
        • Quad Driver Test
    • State Emission Standards - Diesel
      • ARIZONA
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • IDAHO
      • KENTUCKY
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • New YORK
      • OHIO
      • RHODE Island
      • UTAH
      • WASHINGTON
    • State Emission Standards - Gas
      • ALASKA
      • ARIZONA
      • CALIFORNIA
        • California Emission Standards ASM Tests
        • Legend
        • Pass/Fail Emission Standards = A+B / VTW
      • Colorado
      • CONNECTICUT
      • DELAWARE
      • District Of COLUMBIA
      • GEORGIA
      • IDAHO
      • ILLINOIS
      • INDIANA
      • KENTUCKY
      • MARYLAND
      • MASSACHUSETTS
      • MISSOURI
      • NEVADA
      • New Jersey
      • New MEXICO
      • New YORK
      • North CAROLINA
      • OHIO
      • OREGON
      • PENNSYLVANIA
      • RHODE Island
      • TENNESSEE
      • TEXAS
      • UTAH
      • VIRGINIA
      • WASHINGTON
      • WISCONSIN
      • U. S. EPA ASM2525 & ASM5015 Start-Up Emission Standards
      • U. S. EPA Revised Final ASM Emission Standards (ASM5015 & ASM2525)
      • U.S. EPA Im240 Emission Standards
        • Start-Up Standards
        • Final Standards
    • Waveforms - Injector Pattern Tutorial - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Purpose Of This Article
        • Notes
        • Scope Of This Article
      • Is A Lab Scope Necessary?
        • Introduction
        • Overview Of NOID Light
          • Notes
          • Use the Right Noid Light
        • Overview Of DVOM
          • Notes
          • Checking Injector Resistance
          • Checking Available Voltage At the Injector
          • Checking Injector On-Time With Built-In Function
          • Checking Injector On-Time With Dwell Or Duty
          • How A Duty Cycle Meter and Dwell Meter Work
          • Strengths of Dwell/Duty Meter
          • Weaknesses of Dwell/Duty Meter
      • The Two Types Of Injector Drivers
        • Notes
        • Overview
        • Voltage Controlled Circuit ("Saturated Switch")
        • Current Controlled Circuit ("Peak & Hold")
      • The Two Ways Injector Circuits Are Wired
      • Interpreting Injector Waveforms
        • Notes
        • Interpreting A Voltage Controlled Pattern
        • Interpreting A Current Controlled Pattern
      • Current Waveform Samples
        • Notes
        • Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
      • Voltage Waveform Samples
        • Notes
        • Example #1 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #2 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #3 - Voltage Controlled Driver
        • Example #4 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #5 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #6 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #7 - Current Controlled Driver
        • Example #8 - Current Controlled Driver
  • Map - Exhaust Systems
    • Exhaust Systems
      • Notes
      • Map Standards Of Service
      • The Map Process - Overview
      • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Catalytic Converters
      • Exhaust And Tail Pipes
      • Exhaust Connections
      • Hangers
      • Heat Risers (Mechanical EFE Devices)
      • Heat Shields
      • Manifolds (Cast And Tube Type)
      • Mechanical EFE Devices
      • Muffler Valve
      • Mufflers And Resonators
    • Reason Code Explanation
  • Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
    • Map - Heating, Ventilation, & Air Conditioning
      • Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
        • Accumulators
        • Actuators (Electrical)
        • Actuators (Vacuum)
        • Air Conditioning Fittings
        • Air Conditioning Hoses
        • Air Conditioning Metal Lines
        • Air Control Doors
        • Air Dams (External)
        • Air Distribution System
        • Belts
        • Blend Doors
        • Blower Fans (Blower Wheel Or Squirrel Cage)
        • Blower Motors
        • Blower Resistors
        • Blower Switches
        • Cabin Air Filters
        • Circuit Breakers
        • Compressor Clutch Assemblies
        • Compressors
        • Condenser Air Seals
        • Condenser Fan Motors
        • Condensers
        • Connectors
        • Control Cables
        • Control Heads (Function Selectors)
        • Control Linkages
        • Control Modules
        • Coolant
        • Cooling Fan Blades
        • Cooling Fan Clutches
        • Cooling Fan Motors
        • Evaporator Drain Tubes
        • Evaporator Filters
        • Evaporator Pressure Regulators (EPRS)
        • Evaporators
        • Expansion Valves
        • Function Selectors
        • Fuses, Fusible Links And Circuit Breakers
        • Fusible Links
        • Gaskets
        • Heater Cases
        • Heater Control Valves
        • Heater Cores
        • Heater Hoses
        • High Pressure Relief Valves (HPRV)
        • Idlers
        • In-Line Filters
        • Metal Fittings
        • Metal Lines
        • Mix And Air Control Doors (Blend Doors)
        • ORIFACE Tubes
        • O-Rings
        • Pilot-Operated Absolutes (POAS)
        • Plenums
        • Pressure Control Valves
        • Pressure Sensors
        • Pulleys
        • Radiators
        • Receiver-DRIERS
        • Refrigerant Oil
        • Refrigerant
        • Relays
        • Seals
        • Service Ports
        • Spring Lock Couplings
        • Suction Throttling Valves (STVS)
        • Switches (Electrical)
        • TENSIONERS
        • Thermistors And Pressure Sensors
        • Thermostats And Housings
        • Vacuum Hoses And Tubes
        • Vacuum Reservoirs
        • Vacuum Tubes
        • Valves In Receiver (VIRS)
        • Water Pumps (Electric Auxiliary)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Heating, Ventilation & Air Conditioning System CHECKSHEET
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
  • Identification
    • CANADIAN Model Cross-Reference
      • * Please Read This First *
      • ACURA
      • ASUNA
      • AUDI
      • BMW
      • CHRYSLER Corp.
        • CHRYSLER
        • Dodge
        • Eagle
        • PLYMOUTH
      • General Motors
        • BUICK
        • CHEVROLET
        • GMC
        • OLDSMOBILE
        • Optima
        • PONTIAC
      • HYUNDAI
      • Jaguar
      • KIA
      • MAZDA
      • MERCEDES-BENZ
      • Mercury
      • MERKUR
      • MITSUBISHI
      • NISSAN
      • RENAULT
      • SATURN
      • Smart
      • SUBARU
      • SUZUKI
      • TOYOTA
      • VOLKSWAGEN
      • VOLVO
      • All Others
    • Engine Introduction - Trucks
      • Engine Introduction - Trucks
        • Notes
        • Vehicle Identification Number Description
          • Notes
          • World Manufacturer Identifier - Position 1
          • Brake Type & Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) - Position 2
          • Line, Series & Body Type Code - Position 3
          • Engine Code - Position 4
          • Computer-Generated Check Digit - Position 5
          • Model Year Code - Position 6
          • Assembly Plant Code - Position 7
          • Production Sequence Number - Position 8
        • Model/Year VIN Code Applications
        • Engine Code Location
  • Metric Conversions
    • Engine Displacement Conversion Table - ECAT
      • Conversion Table
    • Metric Conversions
      • Metric Conversions
        • Notes
        • Length
        • Volume
        • Torque
        • Pressure
      • Conversion Factors
  • OEM General Information
    • Engine Introduction - Trucks
      • Engine Introduction - Trucks
        • Notes
        • Vehicle Identification Number Description
          • Notes
          • World Manufacturer Identifier - Position 1
          • Brake Type & Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR) - Position 2
          • Line, Series & Body Type Code - Position 3
          • Engine Code - Position 4
          • Computer-Generated Check Digit - Position 5
          • Model Year Code - Position 6
          • Assembly Plant Code - Position 7
          • Production Sequence Number - Position 8
        • Model/Year VIN Code Applications
        • Engine Code Location
    • How To Use The Engine Performance Section
      • * Please Read This First *
      • How To Use The Engine Performance Section
      • Application
        • Notes
        • Introduction/Engine/VIN Id
      • Emission Applications
        • Notes
        • Emission Application Tables
      • Specifications
        • Notes
        • Service & Adjustment Specifications
      • Adjustment
        • Notes
        • On-Vehicle Adjustments
      • Theory & Operation
      • Testing & Diagnostics
        • Notes
        • Basic Diagnostic Procedures/Basic Testing
        • Self-Diagnostics/Tests W/Codes
        • Trouble Shooting - No Codes/Tests W/O Codes
        • System & Component Testing
      • Pin Voltage Charts
      • Sensor Range Charts
        • Notes
        • Sensor Operating Range Charts
      • Vacuum Hose Diagram(S)
      • Removal, Overhaul & Installation
      • Wiring Diagrams - Engine Performance
        • Notes
        • 2002 & Earlier
        • 2003 & Later
  • Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
    • A/C Filter Service Reminder
      • Notes
      • A/C Filter Service Reminder Reset Procedure
    • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder
      • Notes
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
        • Oil Life Reset - Base Instrument Cluster
        • Oil Life Reset - Message Center Instrument Cluster
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 06
        • Non-Hybrid
        • Hybrid
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 07
        • Owner's Manual 1
        • Owner's Manual 2
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 08
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 09
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 10
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 11
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 12
        • With Base Instrument Cluster
        • With Message Center Instrument Cluster
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 13
        • With Message Center Instrument Cluster
        • With Base Instrument Cluster
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 14
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 15
        • Base Message Center
        • Uplevel Message Center
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 16
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 17
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 18
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 19
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 20
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 21
        • Notes
        • Without Message Center
        • With Message Center
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 22
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 23
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 24
        • Path 1
        • Path 2
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 25
        • Base Cluster
        • High Series Cluster
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 26
        • Resetting The Engine Oil Change Reminder - Vehicles With: 2.3 Inch Screen/4.2 Inch Screen
        • Resetting The Engine Oil Change Reminder - Vehicles With: 8 Inch Screen
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 27
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 28
    • Maintenance Service Reminder (Overhead Warning Lights)
      • Notes
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset Procedure
    • Maintenance Service Reminder (Sri)
      • Notes
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
    • Maintenance Service Reminder (VMM)
      • Notes
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
    • Tire Pressure Monitor System Reminder
      • Notes
      • Tire Pressure Sensor Types
        • Notes
        • Banded Sensor
        • Valve Mounted Bolt-On Sensor
        • Valve Mounted Snap-In Sensor
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
        • Notes
        • Vehicles With Message Center
        • Vehicles Without Message Center
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 07
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 08
        • Notes
        • Performing the System Reset Procedure - Single Rear Wheel
        • Performing the System Reset Procedure - Dual Rear Wheel
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 09
        • Overview
        • Carrying Out the System Reset Procedure
        • To reset the tire pressure monitoring system for vehicles equipped with 2.3" information display, scroll to:
        • To reset the tire pressure monitoring system for vehicles equipped with 4.2" information display, scroll to:
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 10
  • Specifications Index
    • Common Specs & Procedures
      • Specifications Index
  • Steering
    • Map - Steering, Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels & Tires
      • Steering & Suspension Systems
        • Notes
        • Map Standards Of Service
        • The Map Process - Overview
        • The Map Process - Overview Of Service Requirements And Suggestions
      • Wheel And Tire
        • Notes
        • Tires
        • Mounting Tires
        • Vehicle Tire Placard
        • Tire Rotation
        • Wheel Lug Nut Torque & Clamping Force
        • Popular Tire Rotation Patterns
        • Wheels And Rims
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems
      • Steering & Suspension CHECKSHEET
      • Wheels & Tires CHECKSHEET
      • Steering And Suspension, Wheel Alignment, Wheels And Tires
        • Notes
        • Active Handling
        • Active Suspension Control Modules
        • Active Variable Ratio Steering
        • Active Yaw Control
        • Adaptive Cruise Control
        • Advance TRAC
        • Air Bags
        • Air Ride Control Modules
        • Air Ride Suspension Torsion Springs (Counter Balancing)
        • Air Ride Suspension
        • Air Ride Tubes
        • Air Shocks And Air Struts
        • Air Spring Valves
        • Air Springs
        • Air Suspension Control Valves
        • Air Suspension DRIERS
        • Axle Acceleration Sensor
        • Ball Joints
        • Body Acceleration Sensor
        • Bushings
        • Center Links
        • Compressors
        • Continuous Damping Control
        • Control Arm Shafts
        • Control Arms
        • Control Modules
        • Distance Regulation Control Module
        • Distance Regulation Sensor
        • Drag Links
        • Dynamic Stability Control
        • Dynamic Stability Traction Control
        • Electronic Ride Control Shocks And Struts
        • Electronic Stability Control
        • Electronic Suspension System
        • Flex Couplers
        • Gaskets
        • Height Sensors
        • Hydraulic Hoses
        • Hydraulic Power Steering Pumps
        • Hydraulic Suspension Hoses
        • Hydraulic Suspension Pumps
        • Idler Arms
        • Intermediate Shaft U-Joints
        • King Pins
        • Modules
        • Pitman Arms
        • Power Steering Belts
        • Power Steering Coolers
        • Power Steering Fluid
        • Power Steering Hoses
        • Power Steering Lines (Steel)
        • Power Steering Pumps - Electric
        • Power Steering Pumps
        • Radar Sensor
        • Radius Arms
        • Relay Rods
        • Relays
        • Sensors
        • Shock Absorbers, Strut Cartridges And Strut Assemblies
        • Spindles
        • Springs, Coil, Leaf And Torsion Bars
        • STABILITRAC
        • Stability Management System
        • Steering Angle Sensor
        • Steering Arms
        • Steering Couplers
        • Steering Dampers
        • Steering Gears (Except Rack And Pinion)
        • Steering Gears, Rack And Pinion
        • Steering Knuckles
        • Strike Out Bumpers
        • Strut Bearing Plate Assemblies
        • Strut Rods
        • Suspension Pumps (Hydraulic)
        • Sway Bar Links
        • Sway Bar Mounting Bushings
        • Sway Bars
        • Switches
        • Tie Rod Ends (Inner And Outer)
        • Tire Pressure Monitoring System
        • Tire Pressure Sensors
        • Tires
        • Torque Sensor
        • Torsion Springs
        • Track Bar Bushings
        • Track Bars
        • Trailing Arm Bushings
        • Trailing Arms
        • Valve Stems
        • Vehicle Dynamics Control
        • Vehicle Speed Sensor
        • Vehicle Stability Assist
        • Vehicle Stability/Skid Control
        • Warning Lamps
        • Wheel Alignment
        • Wheel Attachment Hardware
        • Wheel Bearings, Races And Seals
        • Wheels (Rims)
        • Wiring Harnesses And Connectors
      • Reason Code Explanation
      • Automotive Terminology & Definitions
    • Wheel Alignment Theory & Operation - General Information
      • * Please Read This First *
      • Pre-Alignment Instructions
        • Notes
        • General Alignment Checks
      • Adjustments
        • Notes
        • Camber
        • Caster
        • Toe-In Adjustment
        • Toe-Out On Turns
        • Steering Axis Inclination
  • Trouble Shooting - Manual Transmission - General Information
    • * Please Read This First *
    • Introduction
• Heating, Ventilation & A/C (HVAC)
  • A/C Compressor
    • HVAC Systems - Compressor Servicing
      • Ford FS-10 10-Cylinder
        • Notes
        • Clutch & Clutch Field Coil
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Ford SC115 Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
      • General Motors DELPHI-Thermal (HARRISON) CVC- 6/CVC-7, Hd6/Ht6/HU6, Hd6/Hr-6HE 6, V5 & V7.
        • Compressor Clutch Plate & Hub Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Compressor Control Valve (Variable Displacement Compressors Only)
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Compressor Pressure Relief Valve
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Clutch Rotor/Bearing
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • High Pressure Switch
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Identifying Compressor Components
        • Shaft Seal
      • MITSUBISHI ASTT
      • MITSUBISHI Scroll
      • NIPPONDENSO 10-Cylinder
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Shaft Seal
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • NIPPONDENSO 10S15/10S17/10S20
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
      • NIPPONDENSO 10PA17 10-Cylinder
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal (All Models Except Grand Cherokee)
          • Installation (All Models Except Grand Cherokee)
          • Removal (Grand Cherokee)
          • Installation (Grand Cherokee)
        • Shaft Seal
      • SANDEN Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal & Installation (General Motors)
      • SANDEN SD-7H15 7-Cylinder
        • Notes
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal (All Models)
          • Installation (Cherokee)
          • Installation (Dakota, Durango & Ram Pickup)
      • SANDEN TRS-90 Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • SANDEN TRS-105 Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
      • ZEXEL (SATURN - Variable Displacement Type)
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal ("S" Series)
          • Installation ("S" Series)
          • Removal ("L" Series)
          • Installation ("L" Series)
          • Removal (VUE)
          • Installation (VUE)
        • Pressure Relief Valve
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
  • General Servicing
    • Air Distribution & Filtering
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Air Distribution
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Air Distribution
      • Removal & Installation
        • Register - LH
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Register - RH
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Center Registers
          • Removal & Installation
        • Nozzle - Windshield Defroster & Side Window Demister
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Floor Duct
          • Removal & Installation
        • Plenum Chamber
          • Removal & Installation
    • Cabin Air Filter (Special Applications) - General Information
      • Cabin Air Filter Applications
    • HVAC Systems - Compressor Servicing
      • Ford FS-10 10-Cylinder
        • Notes
        • Clutch & Clutch Field Coil
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Ford SC115 Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
      • General Motors DELPHI-Thermal (HARRISON) CVC- 6/CVC-7, Hd6/Ht6/HU6, Hd6/Hr-6HE 6, V5 & V7.
        • Compressor Clutch Plate & Hub Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Compressor Control Valve (Variable Displacement Compressors Only)
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Compressor Pressure Relief Valve
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Clutch Rotor/Bearing
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • High Pressure Switch
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Identifying Compressor Components
        • Shaft Seal
      • MITSUBISHI ASTT
      • MITSUBISHI Scroll
      • NIPPONDENSO 10-Cylinder
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Shaft Seal
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • NIPPONDENSO 10S15/10S17/10S20
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
      • NIPPONDENSO 10PA17 10-Cylinder
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal (All Models Except Grand Cherokee)
          • Installation (All Models Except Grand Cherokee)
          • Removal (Grand Cherokee)
          • Installation (Grand Cherokee)
        • Shaft Seal
      • SANDEN Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal & Installation (General Motors)
      • SANDEN SD-7H15 7-Cylinder
        • Notes
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal (All Models)
          • Installation (Cherokee)
          • Installation (Dakota, Durango & Ram Pickup)
      • SANDEN TRS-90 Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • SANDEN TRS-105 Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
      • ZEXEL (SATURN - Variable Displacement Type)
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal ("S" Series)
          • Installation ("S" Series)
          • Removal ("L" Series)
          • Installation ("L" Series)
          • Removal (VUE)
          • Installation (VUE)
        • Pressure Relief Valve
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
    • HVAC Systems - General Servicing
      • USING R-134a REFRIGERANT
        • Handling/Safety Precautions
        • IDENTIFYING R-134a SYSTEMS & COMPONENTS
          • Notes
          • Fittings & "O" Rings
          • Underhood A/C Specification Labels
        • Refrigerant Oils
      • System Service Valves
        • SCHRADER-Type Valves
        • Special Valve Connectors
        • R-134a SERVICE VALVES/PORTS
        • Service Valve Locations
      • Service Equipment
      • Manifold Gauge Set
        • Notes
        • Connecting Gauge Set
          • Notes
          • Schrader-Type Valves
        • Stabilizing A/C System
      • Pressure-Temperature Relationship
      • Pressure Gauge Readings
      • Recovery/Evacuation & Recharging
        • DAIMLERCHRYSLER Corp.
          • Notes
          • Refrigerant System Service Equipment
          • Manifold Gauge Set Connections
          • Refrigerant Recovery
          • Refrigerant System Evacuate
          • Refrigerant System Charge
        • Ford Motor Co.
          • Notes
          • Refrigerant System Recovery
          • Refrigerant System Evacuation
          • Refrigerant System Charging
        • General Motors
        • Jeep
      • Filtering Procedures (Ford)
        • A/C System Filtering (Focus)
        • A/C System Filtering (Villager)
        • A/C System Filtering (Except Focus & Villager)
      • Flushing Procedures
        • DAIMLERCHRYSLER Corp.
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
        • Jeep
      • Leak Testing
        • Notes
        • Types Of Leak Detectors
          • Bubble Solution Detector
          • Dye Solution
          • Fluorescent Leak Detection
          • Electronic Leak Detector
        • Preparation For Leak Testing
        • Bubble Detector Leak Testing Procedure
        • Electronic Leak Testing Procedure
        • Dye Solution Leak Testing Procedures
        • Fluorescent Dye Leak Testing Procedures
  • HVAC Control Systems
    • Air Conditioning
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Air Conditioning
          • Notes
          • Refrigeration System Components
          • A/C Compressor & Clutch Assembly
          • A/C Compressor Pressure Relief Valve
          • A/C Condenser Core
          • Refrigerant Lines
          • A/C Evaporator Core
          • A/C Evaporator Core Orifice
          • Suction Accumulator
          • A/C Cycling Switch
          • A/C Pressure Cutoff Switch
          • Spring Lock Coupling
          • Peanut Fitting
          • Service Gauge Port Valves
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Air Conditioning
      • Removal & Installation
        • Air Conditioning (A/C) Compressor
          • Removal & Installation
        • Clutch & Clutch Field Coil
          • Special Tools
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Evaporator Core
          • Removal & Installation
        • Evaporator Core Orifice
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Suction Accumulator
          • Removal & Installation
        • Condenser Core
          • Removal & Installation
        • Compressor Manifold & Tube Assembly
          • Removal & Installation
        • Condenser To Evaporator Line
          • Removal & Installation
    • Climate Control System - General Information
      • Specifications
        • General Specification
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Climate Control System
          • Notes
          • Principles Of Operation
          • Heat Transfer
          • Latent Heat Of Vaporization
          • Relative Humidity
          • Effects Of Pressure On Boiling Or Condensation
          • Compressor Anti-Slugging Strategy
          • The Refrigerant Cycle
          • System Airflow Description - Manual Climate Control
            • Max A/C
            • A/C
            • Panel
            • Off
            • Panel/Floor
            • Floor
            • Floor/Defrost
            • Defrost
            • Manual A/C Electrical Components
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Climate Control System
          • Notes
          • Special Tools
          • Vacuum Schematic - Manual Climate Control System
          • Vacuum Connector End View - Manual A/C
          • Vacuum Application Chart - Manual A/C
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: Incorrect/Erratic Direction Of Airflow From Outlet(s)
            • Pinpoint Test B: Insufficient, Erratic, Or No Heat
            • Pinpoint Test C: The Air Conditioning (A/C) Is Inoperative/Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test D: The Air Conditioning (A/C) Is Always On
            • Pinpoint Test E: Insufficient Air Conditioning (A/C) Cooling
            • Pinpoint Test F: No Operation In All The Temperature Settings
            • Pinpoint Test G: The Blower Motor Is Inoperative
            • Pinpoint Test H: The Blower Motor Does Not Operate Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test I: The Blower Motor Operates Continuously In High Speed
            • Pinpoint Test J: No Operation In High Blower Setting
            • Pinpoint Test K: No Operation In Lower Speeds
            • Pinpoint Test L: The Console Blower Motor Is Inoperative
          • Component Tests
            • Heater Core
            • Heater Core - Plugged
            • Heater Core - Pressure Test
            • Heater Core - Bench Test
            • A/C Evaporator/Condenser Core - On-Vehicle Leak Test
            • A/C Compressor - External Leak Test
      • General Procedures
        • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Check - Retail Procedure
        • Spring Lock Coupling
          • Special Tools
          • Disconnect
          • Cleaning
          • Connect
        • Air Conditioning Line (Peanut) Fitting
          • Disconnect
          • Connect
        • Refrigerant System Tests
          • Special Tools
          • Refrigerant System Tests
        • Air Conditioning (A/C) Clutch Air Gap Adjustment
        • Manifold Gauge Set Connection
          • Special Tools
          • Manifold Gauge Set Connection
        • Electronic Leak Detection
          • Special Tools
          • Electronic Leak Detection
        • Tracer Dye Leak Detection
          • Special Tools
          • Tracer Dye Leak Detection
        • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Flushing
          • Special Tools
          • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Flushing
        • Air Conditioning (A/C) System Recovery, Evacuation & Charging
          • Special Tools
          • Refrigerant System Recovery
          • Refrigerant System Evacuation
        • Refrigerant System Charging
        • Refrigerant System Filtering Following Air Conditioning (A/C) Component Installation
          • Special Tools
          • Refrigerant System Filtering Following Air Conditioning (A/C) Component Installation
        • Refrigerant Oil Adding
        • Inspection & Assembly Requirements - Following An A/C Compressor Failure
        • Refrigerant Identification Testing
          • Special Tools
          • Refrigerant Identification Testing
        • Contaminated Refrigerant Handling
        • Vacuum Hose Repair - Mini-Tube
          • Special Tools
          • Vacuum Hose Repair - Mini-Tube
    • Heating & Ventilation
      • Specifications
        • General Specification
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Heating/Defrosting
          • Notes
          • Evaporator Core Housing
          • Heater Core
          • Blower Motor
          • Floor Console
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Heating/Defrosting
      • Removal & Installation
        • Blower Motor - Front
          • Removal & Installation
        • Blower Motor - Second Row
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Evaporator Core Housing
          • Removal & Installation
        • Heater Core
          • Removal & Installation
        • Heater Control Valve
          • Removal & Installation
        • Temperature Blend Door Actuator
          • Removal and Installation
    • HVAC Systems - Compressor Servicing
      • Ford FS-10 10-Cylinder
        • Notes
        • Clutch & Clutch Field Coil
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Ford SC115 Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
      • General Motors DELPHI-Thermal (HARRISON) CVC- 6/CVC-7, Hd6/Ht6/HU6, Hd6/Hr-6HE 6, V5 & V7.
        • Compressor Clutch Plate & Hub Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Compressor Control Valve (Variable Displacement Compressors Only)
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Compressor Pressure Relief Valve
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Clutch Rotor/Bearing
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • High Pressure Switch
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Identifying Compressor Components
        • Shaft Seal
      • MITSUBISHI ASTT
      • MITSUBISHI Scroll
      • NIPPONDENSO 10-Cylinder
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Shaft Seal
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • NIPPONDENSO 10S15/10S17/10S20
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
      • NIPPONDENSO 10PA17 10-Cylinder
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal (All Models Except Grand Cherokee)
          • Installation (All Models Except Grand Cherokee)
          • Removal (Grand Cherokee)
          • Installation (Grand Cherokee)
        • Shaft Seal
      • SANDEN Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal & Installation (General Motors)
      • SANDEN SD-7H15 7-Cylinder
        • Notes
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal (All Models)
          • Installation (Cherokee)
          • Installation (Dakota, Durango & Ram Pickup)
      • SANDEN TRS-90 Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • SANDEN TRS-105 Scroll
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shaft Seal
      • ZEXEL (SATURN - Variable Displacement Type)
        • Clutch Assembly
          • Removal ("S" Series)
          • Installation ("S" Series)
          • Removal ("L" Series)
          • Installation ("L" Series)
          • Removal (VUE)
          • Installation (VUE)
        • Pressure Relief Valve
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
    • HVAC Systems - General Servicing
      • USING R-134a REFRIGERANT
        • Handling/Safety Precautions
        • IDENTIFYING R-134a SYSTEMS & COMPONENTS
          • Notes
          • Fittings & "O" Rings
          • Underhood A/C Specification Labels
        • Refrigerant Oils
      • System Service Valves
        • SCHRADER-Type Valves
        • Special Valve Connectors
        • R-134a SERVICE VALVES/PORTS
        • Service Valve Locations
      • Service Equipment
      • Manifold Gauge Set
        • Notes
        • Connecting Gauge Set
          • Notes
          • Schrader-Type Valves
        • Stabilizing A/C System
      • Pressure-Temperature Relationship
      • Pressure Gauge Readings
      • Recovery/Evacuation & Recharging
        • DAIMLERCHRYSLER Corp.
          • Notes
          • Refrigerant System Service Equipment
          • Manifold Gauge Set Connections
          • Refrigerant Recovery
          • Refrigerant System Evacuate
          • Refrigerant System Charge
        • Ford Motor Co.
          • Notes
          • Refrigerant System Recovery
          • Refrigerant System Evacuation
          • Refrigerant System Charging
        • General Motors
        • Jeep
      • Filtering Procedures (Ford)
        • A/C System Filtering (Focus)
        • A/C System Filtering (Villager)
        • A/C System Filtering (Except Focus & Villager)
      • Flushing Procedures
        • DAIMLERCHRYSLER Corp.
        • Ford Motor Co.
        • General Motors
        • Jeep
      • Leak Testing
        • Notes
        • Types Of Leak Detectors
          • Bubble Solution Detector
          • Dye Solution
          • Fluorescent Leak Detection
          • Electronic Leak Detector
        • Preparation For Leak Testing
        • Bubble Detector Leak Testing Procedure
        • Electronic Leak Testing Procedure
        • Dye Solution Leak Testing Procedures
        • Fluorescent Dye Leak Testing Procedures
• Maintenance
  • Maintenance Reminder Light (Reset Procedures)
    • A/C Filter Service Reminder
      • Notes
      • A/C Filter Service Reminder Reset Procedure
    • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder
      • Notes
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
        • Oil Life Reset - Base Instrument Cluster
        • Oil Life Reset - Message Center Instrument Cluster
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 06
        • Non-Hybrid
        • Hybrid
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 07
        • Owner's Manual 1
        • Owner's Manual 2
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 08
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 09
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 10
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 11
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 12
        • With Base Instrument Cluster
        • With Message Center Instrument Cluster
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 13
        • With Message Center Instrument Cluster
        • With Base Instrument Cluster
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 14
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 15
        • Base Message Center
        • Uplevel Message Center
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 16
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 17
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 18
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 19
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 20
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 21
        • Notes
        • Without Message Center
        • With Message Center
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 22
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 23
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 24
        • Path 1
        • Path 2
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 25
        • Base Cluster
        • High Series Cluster
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 26
        • Resetting The Engine Oil Change Reminder - Vehicles With: 2.3 Inch Screen/4.2 Inch Screen
        • Resetting The Engine Oil Change Reminder - Vehicles With: 8 Inch Screen
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 27
      • Engine Oil Replacement Reminder Reset - Procedure 28
    • Maintenance Service Reminder (Overhead Warning Lights)
      • Notes
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset Procedure
    • Maintenance Service Reminder (Sri)
      • Notes
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
    • Maintenance Service Reminder (VMM)
      • Notes
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
      • Maintenance Service Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
    • Tire Pressure Monitor System Reminder
      • Notes
      • Tire Pressure Sensor Types
        • Notes
        • Banded Sensor
        • Valve Mounted Bolt-On Sensor
        • Valve Mounted Snap-In Sensor
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 01
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 02
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 03
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 04
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 05
        • Notes
        • Vehicles With Message Center
        • Vehicles Without Message Center
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 07
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 08
        • Notes
        • Performing the System Reset Procedure - Single Rear Wheel
        • Performing the System Reset Procedure - Dual Rear Wheel
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 09
        • Overview
        • Carrying Out the System Reset Procedure
        • To reset the tire pressure monitoring system for vehicles equipped with 2.3" information display, scroll to:
        • To reset the tire pressure monitoring system for vehicles equipped with 4.2" information display, scroll to:
      • TPMS Reminder Reset - Procedure 10
• Restraints
  • Air Bag, SRS
    • Air Bag Restraint Systems
      • Description & Operation
        • Notes
        • Back-Up Power Supply
        • CLOCKSPRING
        • Driver-Side Air Bag Module
        • Passenger-Side Air Bag Module
        • Restraints Control Module (RCM)
        • Side Air Bag Module
        • Side Crash Sensor
      • Component Locations
      • System Operation Check
      • Air Bag Safety Precautions
      • Adjustments
        • CLOCKSPRING Centering
      • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
        • Notes
        • Disabling System
          • Notes
          • Component Replacement Disabling Procedure
          • Diagnostics Disabling Procedure (Seats Removed)
          • General Disabling Procedure (Seats Installed)
        • Activating System
          • Component Replacement Activating Procedure (Seats Installed)
          • Diagnostics Activating Procedure (Seats Removed)
          • General Activating Procedure (Seats Installed)
        • Air Bag Simulator (Seats Installed)
      • Disposal Procedures
        • Notes
        • Deployed Air Bag (Seats Installed)
        • UNDEPLOYED Air Bag-Faulty Unit (Seats Installed)
        • Scrapped Vehicle (Seats Installed)
          • Notes
          • Remote Deployment Of AIR Bag (Seats Installed)
      • Post-Collision Inspection
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • CLOCKSPRING
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Driver-Side Air Bag Module
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Front Seat
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Generic Electronic Module (Gem)
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Instrument Cluster
          • Removal & Installation
        • Passenger-Side Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Restraints Control Module (RCM)
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Side Crash Sensors
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Side Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Side Air Bag Delete Resistor
          • Removal & Installation
        • Steering Wheel
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
      • Diagnostics
        • Notes
        • Self-Diagnostics
        • Diagnostic Procedure
        • Inspection & Verification
        • Using Scan Tool
        • Retrieving Fault Codes
        • Clearing Fault Codes
        • On-Demand Self-Test
        • Active Commands
        • PID/Data Monitor & Record
      • Diagnostic Tests
        • Test A: Air Bag Warning Light On Continuously-RCM Disconnected, Inoperative Or Lost/Low Ignition Feed
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test B: RCM Internal Fault (DTC B1342)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test C: Crash Data Memory Full (DTC B1231)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test D: RCM Bracket Ground Resistance High (DTC B1921)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test E: Incorrect Vehicle Identification Code (DTC C1414)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test F: Driver-Side Air Bag Circuit Short To Ground (DTC B1887)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test G: Passenger-Side Air Bag Circuit Short To Ground (DTC B1888)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test H: Driver-Side Air Bag Circuit Short To Battery Or Ignition (DTC B1916)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test I: Passenger-Side Air Bag Circuit Short To Battery Or Ignition (DTC B1925)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test J: Driver-Side Air Bag Resistance High (DTC B1932)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test K: Passenger-Side Air Bag Resistance High (DTC B1933)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test L: Driver-Side Air Bag Low Resistance (DTC B1934)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test M: Passenger-Side Air Bag Resistance Low (DTC B1935)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test N: Left Side Crash Sensor Internal Fault (DTC B2444)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test O: Right Side Crash Sensor Internal Fault (DTC B2445)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test P: Left Side Crash Sensor Mounting Failure (DTC B2441)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test Q: Right Side Crash Sensor Mounting Failure (DTC B2440)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test R: Left Side Crash Sensor Communication Fault (DTC U2017)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test S: Right Side Crash Sensor Communication Fault (DTC U2018)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test T: Left Side Air Bag Circuit Short To Ground (DTC B1993)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test U: Left Side Air Bag Circuit Short To Battery Or Ignition (DTC B1992)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test V: Left Side Air Bag Circuit Resistance High (DTC B1994)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test W: Left Side Air Bag Circuit Resistance Low (DTC B1995)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test X: Right Side Air Bag Circuit Short To Ground (DTC B1997)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test Y: Right Side Air Bag Circuit Short To Battery Or Ignition (DTC B1996)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test Z: Right Side Air Bag Circuit Resistance High (DTC B1998)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test Aa: Right Side Air Bag Circuit Resistance Low (DTC B1999)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test Ab: Air Bag Tone Warning Indicator Circuit Short To Ground Or Open (DTC B1892)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test Ac: Air Bag Tone Warning Indicator Circuit Short To Battery Or Ignition (B1891)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test Ad: Air Bag Warning Light Inoperative (DTC B1869)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test AE: Air Bag Warning Light Short To Battery Voltage (DTC B1870)
          • Notes
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
        • Test AF: No Communication With RCM
          • Description
          • Possible Causes
      • Wire Repair
        • Notes
        • Repair Procedure
      • Torque Specifications
      • Wiring Diagrams
    • Supplemental Inflatable Restraint System -- Air Bag/SRS Component Inspection & Replacement Tables
      • Ford Motor Co. (1988-04)
    • Supplemental Inflatable Restraint System Deactivation Procedures
      • Special Care During Mechanical Repairs
      • CHRYSLER
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
          • Caravan, Concord, Intrepid, Neon, Prowler, PT Cruiser, Sebring Convertible, Sebring Sedan, Stratus Sedan, Town & Country, Viper, Voyager & 300M
          • Dakota, Durango, Ram Pickup, Ram Van & Ram Wagon
          • Sebring Coupe & Stratus Coupe
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System
          • Activating System
      • Ford Motor Co.
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System (Blackwood)
          • Activating System (Blackwood)
          • Disabling System (Continental)
          • Activating System (Continental)
          • Disabling System (Cougar)
          • Activating System (Cougar)
          • Disabling System (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
          • Activating System (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
          • Disabling System (Econoline)
          • Activating System (Econoline)
          • Disabling System (Escape)
          • Activating System (Escape)
          • Disabling System (Escort & ZX2)
          • Activating System (Escort & ZX2)
          • Disabling System (Excursion & F250/350 Super Duty)
          • Activating System (Excursion & F250/350 Super Duty)
          • Disabling System (Expedition & Navigator)
          • Activating System (Expedition & Navigator)
          • Disabling System (Explorer & Mountaineer)
          • Activating System (Explorer & Mountaineer)
          • Disabling System (Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport Trac)
          • Activating System (Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport Trac)
          • Disabling System (Focus)
          • Activating System (Focus)
          • Disabling System (F150)
          • Activating System (F150)
          • Disabling System (LS & Thunderbird)
          • Activating System (LS & Thunderbird)
          • Disabling System (Mustang)
          • Activating System (Mustang)
          • Disabling System (Ranger)
          • Activating System (Ranger)
          • Disabling System (Sable & Taurus)
          • Activating System (Sable & Taurus)
          • Disabling System (Town Car)
          • Activating System (Town Car)
          • Disabling System (Villager)
          • Activating System (Villager)
          • Disabling System (Windstar)
          • Activating System (Windstar)
        • Air Bag Simulator
        • Driver Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Blackwood, Econoline, Excursion, Expedition, Explorer, Explorer Sport, Explorer Sport Trac, F150, F250/350 Super Duty, Mountaineer & Navigator)
          • Removal & Installation (Continental, Cougar, Escort, Focus, LS, Mustang, Ranger, Thunderbird, Town Car & ZX2)
          • Removal & Installation (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
        • Passenger Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Cougar)
          • Removal & Installation (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
          • Removal & Installation (Escort & ZX2)
          • Removal & Installation (Expedition & Navigator)
          • Removal & Installation (Explorer Sport, Explorer Sport Trac & Ranger)
          • Removal & Installation (Sable & Taurus)
          • Removal & Installation (Town Car)
        • Side Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Cougar)
        • Torque Specifications
      • General Motors
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
          • Prizm
          • Pickups With Passenger Air Bag
          • All Models Except Prizm & Pickups With Passenger Air Bag
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System (Alero, Grand Am & Malibu)
          • Activating System (Alero, Grand Am & Malibu)
          • Disabling System (Astro & Safari)
          • Activating System (Astro & Safari)
          • Disabling System (Aurora, Bonneville, LeSabre & Park Avenue)
          • Activating System (Aurora, Bonneville, LeSabre & Park Avenue)
          • Disabling System (Avalanche, Bravada, Envoy, Envoy XL, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Sierra, Silverado, Suburban, Tahoe, TrailBlazer, TrailBlazer XL, Yukon & Yukon XL)
          • Activating System (Avalanche, Bravada, Envoy, Envoy XL, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Sierra, Silverado, Suburban, Tahoe, TrailBlazer, TrailBlazer XL, Yukon & Yukon XL)
          • Disabling System (Aztek & Rendezvous)
          • Activating System (Aztek & Rendezvous)
          • Disabling System (Blazer, Jimmy Canadian, Sonoma & S10 Pickup)
          • Activating System (Blazer, Jimmy Canadian, Sonoma & S10 Pickup)
          • Disabling System (Camaro & Firebird)
          • Activating System (Camaro & Firebird)
          • Disabling System (Cavalier & Sunfire)
          • Activating System (Cavalier & Sunfire)
          • Disabling System (Century, Grand Prix, Intrigue & Regal)
          • Activating System (Century, Grand Prix, Intrigue & Regal)
          • Disabling System (Chevy Express & Savana)
          • Activating System (Chevy Express & Savana)
          • Disabling System (Corvette)
          • Activating System (Corvette)
          • Disabling System (DeVille & Seville)
          • Activating System (DeVille & Seville)
          • Disabling System (Eldorado)
          • Activating System (Eldorado)
          • Disabling System (Impala & Monte Carlo)
          • Activating System (Impala & Monte Carlo)
          • Disabling System (Montana, Silhouette & Venture)
          • Activating System (Montana, Silhouette & Venture)
          • Disabling System (Prizm)
          • Activating System (Prizm)
          • Disabling System (Saturn, L Series)
          • Activating System (Saturn, L Series)
          • Disabling System (Saturn, S Series)
          • Activating System (Saturn, S Series)
          • Disabling System (Saturn Vue)
          • Activating System (Saturn Vue)
          • Disabling System (Tracker)
          • Activating System (Tracker)
      • Jeep
        • System Operation Check
          • Grand Cherokee, Liberty & Wrangler
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System
          • Activating System
  • Restraints Control Systems
    • Supplemental Inflatable Restraint System -- Air Bag/SRS Component Inspection & Replacement Tables
      • Ford Motor Co. (1988-04)
    • Supplemental Inflatable Restraint System Deactivation Procedures
      • Special Care During Mechanical Repairs
      • CHRYSLER
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
          • Caravan, Concord, Intrepid, Neon, Prowler, PT Cruiser, Sebring Convertible, Sebring Sedan, Stratus Sedan, Town & Country, Viper, Voyager & 300M
          • Dakota, Durango, Ram Pickup, Ram Van & Ram Wagon
          • Sebring Coupe & Stratus Coupe
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System
          • Activating System
      • Ford Motor Co.
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System (Blackwood)
          • Activating System (Blackwood)
          • Disabling System (Continental)
          • Activating System (Continental)
          • Disabling System (Cougar)
          • Activating System (Cougar)
          • Disabling System (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
          • Activating System (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
          • Disabling System (Econoline)
          • Activating System (Econoline)
          • Disabling System (Escape)
          • Activating System (Escape)
          • Disabling System (Escort & ZX2)
          • Activating System (Escort & ZX2)
          • Disabling System (Excursion & F250/350 Super Duty)
          • Activating System (Excursion & F250/350 Super Duty)
          • Disabling System (Expedition & Navigator)
          • Activating System (Expedition & Navigator)
          • Disabling System (Explorer & Mountaineer)
          • Activating System (Explorer & Mountaineer)
          • Disabling System (Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport Trac)
          • Activating System (Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport Trac)
          • Disabling System (Focus)
          • Activating System (Focus)
          • Disabling System (F150)
          • Activating System (F150)
          • Disabling System (LS & Thunderbird)
          • Activating System (LS & Thunderbird)
          • Disabling System (Mustang)
          • Activating System (Mustang)
          • Disabling System (Ranger)
          • Activating System (Ranger)
          • Disabling System (Sable & Taurus)
          • Activating System (Sable & Taurus)
          • Disabling System (Town Car)
          • Activating System (Town Car)
          • Disabling System (Villager)
          • Activating System (Villager)
          • Disabling System (Windstar)
          • Activating System (Windstar)
        • Air Bag Simulator
        • Driver Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Blackwood, Econoline, Excursion, Expedition, Explorer, Explorer Sport, Explorer Sport Trac, F150, F250/350 Super Duty, Mountaineer & Navigator)
          • Removal & Installation (Continental, Cougar, Escort, Focus, LS, Mustang, Ranger, Thunderbird, Town Car & ZX2)
          • Removal & Installation (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
        • Passenger Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Cougar)
          • Removal & Installation (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
          • Removal & Installation (Escort & ZX2)
          • Removal & Installation (Expedition & Navigator)
          • Removal & Installation (Explorer Sport, Explorer Sport Trac & Ranger)
          • Removal & Installation (Sable & Taurus)
          • Removal & Installation (Town Car)
        • Side Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Cougar)
        • Torque Specifications
      • General Motors
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
          • Prizm
          • Pickups With Passenger Air Bag
          • All Models Except Prizm & Pickups With Passenger Air Bag
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System (Alero, Grand Am & Malibu)
          • Activating System (Alero, Grand Am & Malibu)
          • Disabling System (Astro & Safari)
          • Activating System (Astro & Safari)
          • Disabling System (Aurora, Bonneville, LeSabre & Park Avenue)
          • Activating System (Aurora, Bonneville, LeSabre & Park Avenue)
          • Disabling System (Avalanche, Bravada, Envoy, Envoy XL, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Sierra, Silverado, Suburban, Tahoe, TrailBlazer, TrailBlazer XL, Yukon & Yukon XL)
          • Activating System (Avalanche, Bravada, Envoy, Envoy XL, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Sierra, Silverado, Suburban, Tahoe, TrailBlazer, TrailBlazer XL, Yukon & Yukon XL)
          • Disabling System (Aztek & Rendezvous)
          • Activating System (Aztek & Rendezvous)
          • Disabling System (Blazer, Jimmy Canadian, Sonoma & S10 Pickup)
          • Activating System (Blazer, Jimmy Canadian, Sonoma & S10 Pickup)
          • Disabling System (Camaro & Firebird)
          • Activating System (Camaro & Firebird)
          • Disabling System (Cavalier & Sunfire)
          • Activating System (Cavalier & Sunfire)
          • Disabling System (Century, Grand Prix, Intrigue & Regal)
          • Activating System (Century, Grand Prix, Intrigue & Regal)
          • Disabling System (Chevy Express & Savana)
          • Activating System (Chevy Express & Savana)
          • Disabling System (Corvette)
          • Activating System (Corvette)
          • Disabling System (DeVille & Seville)
          • Activating System (DeVille & Seville)
          • Disabling System (Eldorado)
          • Activating System (Eldorado)
          • Disabling System (Impala & Monte Carlo)
          • Activating System (Impala & Monte Carlo)
          • Disabling System (Montana, Silhouette & Venture)
          • Activating System (Montana, Silhouette & Venture)
          • Disabling System (Prizm)
          • Activating System (Prizm)
          • Disabling System (Saturn, L Series)
          • Activating System (Saturn, L Series)
          • Disabling System (Saturn, S Series)
          • Activating System (Saturn, S Series)
          • Disabling System (Saturn Vue)
          • Activating System (Saturn Vue)
          • Disabling System (Tracker)
          • Activating System (Tracker)
      • Jeep
        • System Operation Check
          • Grand Cherokee, Liberty & Wrangler
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System
          • Activating System
  • Seat Belts
    • Supplemental Inflatable Restraint System -- Air Bag/SRS Component Inspection & Replacement Tables
      • Ford Motor Co. (1988-04)
    • Supplemental Inflatable Restraint System Deactivation Procedures
      • Special Care During Mechanical Repairs
      • CHRYSLER
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
          • Caravan, Concord, Intrepid, Neon, Prowler, PT Cruiser, Sebring Convertible, Sebring Sedan, Stratus Sedan, Town & Country, Viper, Voyager & 300M
          • Dakota, Durango, Ram Pickup, Ram Van & Ram Wagon
          • Sebring Coupe & Stratus Coupe
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System
          • Activating System
      • Ford Motor Co.
        • System Operation Check
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System (Blackwood)
          • Activating System (Blackwood)
          • Disabling System (Continental)
          • Activating System (Continental)
          • Disabling System (Cougar)
          • Activating System (Cougar)
          • Disabling System (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
          • Activating System (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
          • Disabling System (Econoline)
          • Activating System (Econoline)
          • Disabling System (Escape)
          • Activating System (Escape)
          • Disabling System (Escort & ZX2)
          • Activating System (Escort & ZX2)
          • Disabling System (Excursion & F250/350 Super Duty)
          • Activating System (Excursion & F250/350 Super Duty)
          • Disabling System (Expedition & Navigator)
          • Activating System (Expedition & Navigator)
          • Disabling System (Explorer & Mountaineer)
          • Activating System (Explorer & Mountaineer)
          • Disabling System (Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport Trac)
          • Activating System (Explorer Sport & Explorer Sport Trac)
          • Disabling System (Focus)
          • Activating System (Focus)
          • Disabling System (F150)
          • Activating System (F150)
          • Disabling System (LS & Thunderbird)
          • Activating System (LS & Thunderbird)
          • Disabling System (Mustang)
          • Activating System (Mustang)
          • Disabling System (Ranger)
          • Activating System (Ranger)
          • Disabling System (Sable & Taurus)
          • Activating System (Sable & Taurus)
          • Disabling System (Town Car)
          • Activating System (Town Car)
          • Disabling System (Villager)
          • Activating System (Villager)
          • Disabling System (Windstar)
          • Activating System (Windstar)
        • Air Bag Simulator
        • Driver Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Blackwood, Econoline, Excursion, Expedition, Explorer, Explorer Sport, Explorer Sport Trac, F150, F250/350 Super Duty, Mountaineer & Navigator)
          • Removal & Installation (Continental, Cougar, Escort, Focus, LS, Mustang, Ranger, Thunderbird, Town Car & ZX2)
          • Removal & Installation (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
        • Passenger Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Cougar)
          • Removal & Installation (Crown Victoria & Grand Marquis)
          • Removal & Installation (Escort & ZX2)
          • Removal & Installation (Expedition & Navigator)
          • Removal & Installation (Explorer Sport, Explorer Sport Trac & Ranger)
          • Removal & Installation (Sable & Taurus)
          • Removal & Installation (Town Car)
        • Side Air Bag Module
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation (Cougar)
        • Torque Specifications
      • General Motors
        • Notes
        • System Operation Check
          • Prizm
          • Pickups With Passenger Air Bag
          • All Models Except Prizm & Pickups With Passenger Air Bag
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System (Alero, Grand Am & Malibu)
          • Activating System (Alero, Grand Am & Malibu)
          • Disabling System (Astro & Safari)
          • Activating System (Astro & Safari)
          • Disabling System (Aurora, Bonneville, LeSabre & Park Avenue)
          • Activating System (Aurora, Bonneville, LeSabre & Park Avenue)
          • Disabling System (Avalanche, Bravada, Envoy, Envoy XL, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Sierra, Silverado, Suburban, Tahoe, TrailBlazer, TrailBlazer XL, Yukon & Yukon XL)
          • Activating System (Avalanche, Bravada, Envoy, Envoy XL, Escalade, Escalade EXT, Sierra, Silverado, Suburban, Tahoe, TrailBlazer, TrailBlazer XL, Yukon & Yukon XL)
          • Disabling System (Aztek & Rendezvous)
          • Activating System (Aztek & Rendezvous)
          • Disabling System (Blazer, Jimmy Canadian, Sonoma & S10 Pickup)
          • Activating System (Blazer, Jimmy Canadian, Sonoma & S10 Pickup)
          • Disabling System (Camaro & Firebird)
          • Activating System (Camaro & Firebird)
          • Disabling System (Cavalier & Sunfire)
          • Activating System (Cavalier & Sunfire)
          • Disabling System (Century, Grand Prix, Intrigue & Regal)
          • Activating System (Century, Grand Prix, Intrigue & Regal)
          • Disabling System (Chevy Express & Savana)
          • Activating System (Chevy Express & Savana)
          • Disabling System (Corvette)
          • Activating System (Corvette)
          • Disabling System (DeVille & Seville)
          • Activating System (DeVille & Seville)
          • Disabling System (Eldorado)
          • Activating System (Eldorado)
          • Disabling System (Impala & Monte Carlo)
          • Activating System (Impala & Monte Carlo)
          • Disabling System (Montana, Silhouette & Venture)
          • Activating System (Montana, Silhouette & Venture)
          • Disabling System (Prizm)
          • Activating System (Prizm)
          • Disabling System (Saturn, L Series)
          • Activating System (Saturn, L Series)
          • Disabling System (Saturn, S Series)
          • Activating System (Saturn, S Series)
          • Disabling System (Saturn Vue)
          • Activating System (Saturn Vue)
          • Disabling System (Tracker)
          • Activating System (Tracker)
      • Jeep
        • System Operation Check
          • Grand Cherokee, Liberty & Wrangler
        • Service Precautions
        • Disabling & Activating Air Bag System
          • Notes
          • Disabling System
          • Activating System
• Steering
  • Manual Steering
    • Power Steering
      • Specifications
        • General Specification
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Power Steering
        • System View
        • Steering Gear Mounting
        • Steering Gear
        • Power Steering Pump
        • Steering Gear Identification
        • Pump Identification
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Power Steering
      • Removal & Installation
        • Power Steering Pump
          • Special Tools
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Power Steering Pump Pulley
          • Removal & Installation
        • Hose
          • Special Tools
          • Removal & Installation
        • Power Steering Fluid Cooler
          • Removal & Installation
        • Steering Gear
          • Special Tools
          • Removal
          • Installation
    • Steering System - General Information
      • General Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Steering System
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Steering System
          • Special Tools
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Steering System Symptom Definitions
            • Drift/Pull
            • Excessive Steering Wheel Play
            • Feedback
            • Hard Steering Or Lack Of Assist
            • Nibble
            • Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering
            • Shimmy
            • Wander
          • Steering System Symptom Charts
          • Component Tests
            • Steering Linkage
            • Turning Effort Test
            • Pump Flow and Pressure Test
            • Tie-Rod Articulation Torque
            • Steering Gear Valve
      • General Procedures
        • Power Steering System Flushing
        • Power Steering System Purging
          • Special Tools
          • Steering System - General Information
        • Power Steering System Filling
  • Power Steering
    • Power Steering
      • Specifications
        • General Specification
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Power Steering
        • System View
        • Steering Gear Mounting
        • Steering Gear
        • Power Steering Pump
        • Steering Gear Identification
        • Pump Identification
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Power Steering
      • Removal & Installation
        • Power Steering Pump
          • Special Tools
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Power Steering Pump Pulley
          • Removal & Installation
        • Hose
          • Special Tools
          • Removal & Installation
        • Power Steering Fluid Cooler
          • Removal & Installation
        • Steering Gear
          • Special Tools
          • Removal
          • Installation
    • Steering System - General Information
      • General Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Steering System
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Steering System
          • Special Tools
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Steering System Symptom Definitions
            • Drift/Pull
            • Excessive Steering Wheel Play
            • Feedback
            • Hard Steering Or Lack Of Assist
            • Nibble
            • Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering
            • Shimmy
            • Wander
          • Steering System Symptom Charts
          • Component Tests
            • Steering Linkage
            • Turning Effort Test
            • Pump Flow and Pressure Test
            • Tie-Rod Articulation Torque
            • Steering Gear Valve
      • General Procedures
        • Power Steering System Flushing
        • Power Steering System Purging
          • Special Tools
          • Steering System - General Information
        • Power Steering System Filling
  • Steering Column
    • Specifications
      • General Specifications
      • Torque Specifications
    • Description & Operation
      • Steering Column
    • Diagnosis & Testing
      • Steering Column
    • Removal & Installation
      • Ignition Switch Lock Cylinder - Functional Lock Cylinder
        • Removal
      • Ignition Switch Lock Cylinder - Non-Functional Lock Cylinder
        • Removal & Installation
      • Wheel
        • Special Tools
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Column
        • Removal & Installation
      • Steering Column Sensor Ring
        • Removal
        • Installation
      • Steering Column Shaft
        • Removal
        • Installation
    • Disassembly & Assembly
      • Steering Column - Manual Transmission
        • Special Tools
        • Materials
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
      • Steering Column - Automatic Transmission
        • Special Tools
        • Materials
        • Disassembly
        • Assembly
• Suspension
  • Front Suspension
    • Front Suspension - 4WD Torsion Bar
      • Description
      • Adjustments & Inspection
        • Ball Joint Checking
        • Ride Height
        • Wheel Alignment
        • Wheel Bearings
      • Removal & Installation
        • Lower Control Arm & Ball Joint
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Shock Absorber
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Stabilizer Bar
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Spindle
          • Removal & Installation
        • Torsion Bar
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Upper Control Arm
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Wheel Hub
          • Removal & Installation
      • Torque Specifications
    • Suspension System-General Information
      • Specifications
        • Alignment Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Wheel Alignment Angles
          • Notes
          • Camber
            • Negative and Positive Camber
          • Caster
          • Toe
            • Positive Toe (Toe In)
            • Negative Toe (Toe Out)
          • Ride Height
            • Front Ride Height Measurement
            • Rear Ride Height Measurement
          • Wheel Track
          • Dogtracking
          • Wander
          • Shimmy
          • Nibble
          • Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering
          • Drift/Pull
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Suspension System
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Component Tests
            • Ball Joint Inspection
      • General Procedures
        • Wheel Bearing Inspection
        • Camber and Caster Adjustment
        • Toe Adjustment
  • Rear Suspension
    • Rear Suspension
      • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Notes
        • Rear Axle Bumpers
        • Rear Spring
        • Shock Absorbers
        • Stabilizer Bar
        • Suspension Fasteners
      • Removal And Installation
        • Wheel Studs
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Stabilizer Bar and Link
          • Removal and Installation
        • Spring
          • Removal and Installation
    • Suspension System-General Information
      • Specifications
        • Alignment Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Wheel Alignment Angles
          • Notes
          • Camber
            • Negative and Positive Camber
          • Caster
          • Toe
            • Positive Toe (Toe In)
            • Negative Toe (Toe Out)
          • Ride Height
            • Front Ride Height Measurement
            • Rear Ride Height Measurement
          • Wheel Track
          • Dogtracking
          • Wander
          • Shimmy
          • Nibble
          • Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering
          • Drift/Pull
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Suspension System
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Component Tests
            • Ball Joint Inspection
      • General Procedures
        • Wheel Bearing Inspection
        • Camber and Caster Adjustment
        • Toe Adjustment
  • Wheel Alignment
    • Suspension System-General Information
      • Specifications
        • Alignment Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description And Operation
        • Wheel Alignment Angles
          • Notes
          • Camber
            • Negative and Positive Camber
          • Caster
          • Toe
            • Positive Toe (Toe In)
            • Negative Toe (Toe Out)
          • Ride Height
            • Front Ride Height Measurement
            • Rear Ride Height Measurement
          • Wheel Track
          • Dogtracking
          • Wander
          • Shimmy
          • Nibble
          • Poor Returnability/Sticky Steering
          • Drift/Pull
      • Diagnosis And Testing
        • Suspension System
          • Inspection and Verification
          • Symptom Chart
          • Component Tests
            • Ball Joint Inspection
      • General Procedures
        • Wheel Bearing Inspection
        • Camber and Caster Adjustment
        • Toe Adjustment
• Transmission
  • Automatic Trans
    • Automatic Transmission
      • Specifications
        • General Specification
        • End Play Specifications
        • Torque Converter End Play
        • Band Adjustment & Torque Chart
        • Selective Snap Rings
        • Service Identification Model Chart
        • Solenoid Operation Chart
        • Band & Clutch Application Charts
        • Line Pressure Chart
        • Stall Speed
        • Shift Speed
        • Forward Clutch Pack (4.0L)
        • Direct Clutch Pack
        • Coast Clutch Pack
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Transmission Description
        • Identification Tags
        • Range Selection
          • Notes
          • Park
          • Reverse
          • Neutral
          • Overdrive
          • 2nd Position - 3rd Gear
          • Manual Low Position
        • Shift Patterns
          • Upshifts
          • Downshifts
          • Coastdown
          • Torque Demand
          • Kickdown
        • Disassembled Views
        • Bushings, Bearing & Thrust Washer
        • Seals, Rings & Gaskets
        • Torque Converter
        • GEARTRAIN
          • Notes
          • Planetary Gearset - Front
          • Planetary Gearset - Forward
          • Planetary Gearset - Low/Reverse
          • Input Shaft
          • Output Shaft
        • Apply Components
          • Band - Front
          • Band - Low/Reverse
          • Band - Intermediate
          • Clutch - Direct
          • Clutch - Forward
          • Clutch - Coast
          • One-Way Clutch - Front
          • One-Way Clutch - Low/Reverse
        • Hydraulic System
          • Fluid Pump - Bearing Type
          • Filter
        • Transmission Electronic Control System
          • Electronic System Description
          • Intake Air Temperature (IAT) Sensor
          • Throttle Position (TP) Sensor
          • Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor
          • Anti-Lock Brake Speed Sensor
          • Mass Air Flow (MAF) Sensor
          • Air Conditioning (A/C) Clutch
          • Electronic Ignition (EI) System
          • Brake Pedal Position (BPP) Switch
          • Transmission Control Switch (TCS)
          • Transmission Control Indicator Lamp (TCIL)
          • Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS) Sensor
          • 4x4 Low (4x4L) Switch
          • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) Sensor
          • Intermediate Shaft Speed (ISS) Sensor
          • Digital Transmission Range (TR) Sensor
          • Transmission Fluid Temperature (TFT) Sensor
          • Electronic Pressure Control (EPC) Solenoid
          • Shift Solenoids - A, B, C & D
          • Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) Solenoid
          • Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Diagnostic Strategy
          • Notes
          • Preliminary Inspection
          • Diagnostics
        • Diagnostic Flow Chart
        • Preliminary Inspection
          • Notes
          • Know & Understand Concern
          • Verification Of Condition
          • Determine Customer Concern
          • Check Fluid Level & Condition
            • Notes
            • High Fluid Level
            • Low Fluid Level
            • Adding Fluid
            • Fluid Condition Check
        • Road Testing Vehicle
        • Shift Point Road Test
          • Notes
          • Shift Speeds
        • Torque Converter Diagnosis
          • Notes
          • Torque Converter Operation Test
        • Visual Inspection
          • Notes
          • Shift Linkage Check
          • Check TSBs
          • Carry Out On-Board Diagnostics (KOEO, KOER)
        • Diagnostics
          • Notes
          • On-Board Diagnostics With Diagnostic Tool
        • Output State Control (OSC) Mode
          • Notes
          • Output State Control (OSC) Procedures
          • OSC - Transmission Bench Modes
          • SSA, SSB, SSC, SSD & TCC In BENCH MODE
          • EPC In BENCH MODE
          • BENCH MODE Procedure For EPC
          • OSC - Transmission DRIVE MODES
          • GR_CM in DRIVE MODE
          • DRIVE MODE Procedure for GR_CM
          • TCC In DRIVE MODE
          • Drive Mode Procedures For TCC
          • EPC in DRIVE MODE
          • Using Output State Control (OSC) & Accessing PIDs
        • Transmission Drive Cycle Test
          • Notes
          • After On-Board Diagnostics
          • Before Pinpoint Tests
        • Diagnostic Trouble Code Chart
          • Notes
          • Rotunda Transmission Tester
        • Transmission Connector Layouts
          • Notes
          • Wiggle Test Information For Open/Shorts
        • Pinpoint Tests - OSC Equipped Vehicles
          • Notes
          • Shift Solenoid Pre-Diagnosis
          • Shift Solenoid Failure Mode Chart "Always On"
          • Shift Solenoid Failure Mode Chart "Always Off"
          • Pinpoint Tests
            • Pinpoint Test A: Shift & Torque Converter Clutch (TCC) Solenoids
            • Pinpoint Test B: Transmission Fluid Temperature (TFT) Sensor
            • Pinpoint Test C: Digital Transmission Range (TR) Sensor
            • Pinpoint Test D: Electronic Pressure Control (EPC) Solenoid
            • Pinpoint Test E: Turbine Shaft Speed (TSS), Intermediate Shaft Speed (ISS) & Output Shaft Speed (OSS) Sensors
            • Pinpoint Test F: Solenoid Mechanical Failure
        • Special Testing Procedures
          • Notes
          • Engine Idle Speed Check
          • Line Pressure Test
          • Stall Speed Test
          • Air Pressure Tests
        • Leakage Inspection
          • Notes
          • External Sealing
          • Fluid Leakage In Torque Converter Area
          • Leak Check Test
          • Leak Check Test With Black Light
        • Transmission Fluid Cooler
          • Notes
          • Transmission Fluid Cooler Flow Test
          • Transmission Fluid Cooler Tube
        • Diagnosis By Symptom
          • Notes
          • Diagnosis By Symptom Chart Directions
          • Diagnosis By Symptom Index
          • Diagnostic Routines
            • Engagement Concern: No Forward
            • Engagement Concern: No Reverse
            • Engagement Concern: Harsh Reverse
            • Engagement Concern: Harsh Forward
            • Engagement Concern: Delayed/Soft Reverse
            • Engagement Concern: Delayed/Soft Forward
            • Engagement Concerns: No Forward & No Reverse
            • Engagement Concerns: No Forward In (D) Position & No Reverse
            • Engagement Concerns: Harsh Forward & Reverse
            • Engagement Concerns: Delayed/Soft Forward & Reverse
            • Shift Concerns: Some/All Shifts Missing
            • Shift Concerns: Timing Concerns - Early/Late
            • Shift Concerns: Timing Concerns - Erratic/Hunting
            • Shift Concerns: Feel - Soft/Slipping
            • Shift Concerns: Feel - Harsh
            • Shift Concerns: No 1st Gear, Engages In Higher Gear
            • Shift Concerns: No First Gear In Manual First Position
            • Shift Concerns: No Manual 2nd Gear
            • Shift Concerns: No 1-2 Shift (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: No 2-3 Shift (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: No 3-4 Shift (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: No 4-5 Shift (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: No 5-4 Shift (Manual)
            • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 1-2 Only (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 2-3 Only (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 3-4 Only (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 4-5 Only (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: Soft/Slipping 4-3 Downshifts (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: Harsh 1-2 Only (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: Harsh 2-3
            • Shift Concerns: Harsh 3-4 Shift Only (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: Harsh 4-5 Only (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: Harsh 4-3 Only (Automatic)
            • Shift Concerns: Harsh 3-2
            • Torque Converter Clutch Operation Concerns: No Clutch Apply
            • Torque Converter Operation Concerns: Clutch Always Applied/Stalls Vehicle
            • Torque Converter Clutch Concerns: Cycling/Shudder/Chatter
            • Other Concerns: Shift Lever Efforts High
            • Other Concerns: External Leaks
            • Other Concerns: Driveability Concerns
            • Other Concerns: Driveability Concerns, Wrong Gear Ratio In D, 2nd & 1st Positions
            • Other Concerns: Noise/Vibration - Forward or Reverse
            • Other Concerns: Engine Will Not Crank
            • Other Concerns: No Park Range
            • Other Concerns: Transmission Overheating
            • Other Concerns: No Engine Braking In 2nd Position
            • Other Concerns: No Engine Braking In 1st Position
            • Other Concerns: No Engine Braking With Overdrive Canceled (In 3rd & 4th)
            • Other Concerns: Fluid Venting/Foaming
            • Other Concerns: Slips/Chatters In 1st Position
            • Other Concerns: Slips/Chatters In 2nd Position
            • Other Concerns: FMEM - Harsh Engagements & Shifts
      • General Procedures
        • Transmission Fluid Cooler - BACKFLUSHING & Cleaning
        • Transmission Fluid Drain & Refill - Automated Equipment
          • Notes
          • Draining
          • Refill
        • Transmission Fluid Drain & Refill - Vehicles Not Equipped With Torque Converter Drain Plug
          • Notes
          • Draining
          • Refill
      • In-Vehicle Repair
        • Fluid Pan, Gasket & Filter
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Main Control Valve Body
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Output Shaft Speed (OSS) Sensor
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Intermediate Shaft Speed Sensor
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Extension Housing Seal & Bushing
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • EXTENSION HOUSING GASKET - 4x2
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • EXTENSION HOUSING GASKET - 4x4
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Solenoids - Shift, Torque Converter Clutch, Electronic
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Manual Control Lever Shaft & Seal
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Digital Transmission Range (Tr) Sensor
          • Special Tools
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Heat Shield
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Internal Harness Service
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Low/Reverse Servo Assembly
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Front Servo
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Intermediate Servo
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Park System
          • Materials
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Front Band Adjustment
          • Special Tool(s)
          • Front Band Adjustment
        • Intermediate Band Adjustment
        • Transmission Insulator & Retainer
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Removal
        • Transmission
          • Special Tools
          • Removal
      • Disassembly
        • Transmission
          • Notes
          • Special Tools
          • Disassembly
      • Disassembly & Assembly Of Subassemblies
        • Main Control Valve Body
          • Special Tools
          • Main Control Valve Body Components
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Converter Housing & Fluid Pump
          • Special Tools
          • Converter Housing & Fluid Pump Components
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Front Brake & Coast Clutch Drum Assembly
          • Special Tools
          • Front Brake & Coast Clutch Drum Assembly Components
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Intermediate Brake & Direct Clutch Drum Assembly
          • Special Tools
          • Intermediate Brake & Direct Clutch Drum Assembly
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Forward Clutch
          • Special Tools
          • Forward Clutch Assembly
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Forward GEARTRAIN
          • Forward Geartrain Assembly
          • Assembly
        • Front Planetary & One-Way Clutch Assembly
          • Special Tools
          • Front Planetary & One-Way Clutch
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Front Planetary Gears
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Center Support
          • Special Tools
          • Center Support
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Reverse Brake Drum
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Output Shaft Ring Gear & Hub Shaft Assembly
          • Disassembly
          • Assembly
        • Torque Converter
        • Torque Converter Cleaning & Inspection
        • Torque Converter Flushing
        • Torque Converter Leak Check
          • Special Tools
          • Torque Converter Leak Check
        • Torque Converter Impeller To Pump Stator Interference Check
        • Torque Converter End Play Check
      • Assembly
        • Transmission
          • Special Tools
          • Materials
          • Transmission Assembly
      • Installation
        • Transmission
    • Automatic Transmission Servicing
      • Application
      • Identification
        • Transmission
        • Oil Pan Gasket
      • Lubrication
        • Service Intervals
          • Transmission
          • Transfer Case
        • Checking Fluid Level
          • Notes
          • Transmission
          • Transfer Case
        • Recommended Fluids
        • Fluid Capacities
        • Draining & Refilling
        • Oil Cooler Flushing
      • On-Vehicle Repairs
      • Adjustments
        • Notes
        • Intermediate & Overdrive Bands
        • Shift Cable
        • Transmission Range Sensor
      • Removal & Installation
        • Notes
        • Control Valve Body
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Extension Housing
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Extension Housing Seal & Bushing
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Intermediate & Overdrive Servos
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Intermediate Shaft Speed Sensor
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Internal Wiring Harness
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Low-Reverse Servo
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Manual Control Lever Shaft & Seal
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Output Shaft Speed Sensor
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Parking Pawl
        • Solenoids
          • Notes
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Transmission Range Sensor
          • Removal
          • Installation
      • Torque Specifications
    • Transmission Cooling
      • Specifications
        • General Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Transmission Cooling
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Transmission Cooling
          • Inspection & Verification
          • Symptom Chart
      • Removal & Installation
        • Auxiliary Transmission Fluid Cooler
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Transmission Fluid Cooler Tubes
          • Removal
          • Installation
    • Transmission External Controls
      • Specifications
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • External Controls
          • Transmission Shift Control Linkage
          • Shift Interlock System
          • Transmission Control Switch (TCS)
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • External Controls
        • Inspection & Verification
        • Symptom Chart
        • Pinpoint Tests
          • Pinpoint Test A: The Shift Interlock System Does Not Release/Lock Correctly
          • Pinpoint Test B: The Shift Control Is Out Of Correct Gear Relationship
          • Pinpoint Test C: The Control Linkage Is Binding
          • Pinpoint Test D: The Transmission Control Switch (TCS) Does Not Operate Correctly
          • Pinpoint Test E: The Transmission Control Indicator Lamp (TCIL) Is Illuminated Continuously
      • General Procedures
        • Selector Lever Cable Adjustment
        • Selector Lever Indicator Adjustment
      • Removal & Installation
        • Brake Shift Interlock Actuator
          • Notes
          • Removal & Installation
        • Selector Lever Cable & Bracket
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Selector Lever
          • Removal & Installation
        • Transmission Control Switch
          • Removal & Installation
  • Automatic Transmission - Hydraulic Diagrams - 5R55E
    • Automatic Transmission - Hydraulic Diagrams - 5R55E
  • Transfer Case
    • Four-Wheel Drive Systems
      • Specifications
        • General Specification
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Four-Wheel Drive Systems
          • Notes
          • System Function
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Four-Wheel Drive Systems - Electronic Shift
          • Wiring Diagrams
          • Shift Special Tools
          • Principles Of Operation
            • Transfer Case - Electronic Shift
          • Inspection & Verification - Electronic Shift
          • Functional Test - Electronic Shift
            • Pinpoint Test A: Electronic Shift Functional Test
          • Symptom Chart - Electronic Shift
          • Pinpoint Tests - Electronic Shift
            • Pinpoint Test B: No Communication With Four-Wheel Drive (4WD) Control Module
            • Pinpoint Test C: Vehicle Does Not Shift Between 2WD & 4WD Modes Correctly
            • Pinpoint Test D: Vehicle Does Not Shift Between 4WD High & 4WD Low Modes Correctly
      • Removal & Installation
        • Mode Select Switch (MSS)
          • Removal & Installation
        • GEARMOTOR Encoder Assembly
          • Removal & Installation
        • Four-Wheel Drive (4WD) Control Module
          • Removal & Installation
    • Transfer Case - Automatic Shift
      • Specifications
        • General Specification
        • Torque Specifications
      • Description & Operation
        • Transfer Case
          • Electronic Shift Control System
          • Electric Shift Motor
          • Digital Transmission Range (DTR) Sensor
          • Clutch Pedal Position Switch
          • Brake Switch
          • Rotary Control Switch
          • Control Module, Electronic
          • Transfer Case Power Flow
      • Diagnosis & Testing
        • Transfer Case
      • General Procedures
        • Transfer Case Draining & Filling
      • In-Vehicle Repair
        • Transfer Case Rear Output Shaft Oil Seal
          • Special Tools
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Transfer Case Rear Output Shaft Flange
          • Special Tools
          • Removal
          • Installation
        • Transfer Case Shift Motor
          • Removal & Installation
      • Disassembly & Assembly
        • Transfer Case
          • Special Tools
          • Disassembly
            • Transfer Case Disassembled View
            • Disassembling Transfer Case
          • Assembly
      • Removal
        • Transfer Case
      • Installation
        • Transfer Case
• External Pages