Power Steering Fluid: Inspection

CHECK FLUID LEVEL

Fig 1: Identifying Hot And Cold Fluid Level Range
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
1. Keep the vehicle level.
2. With the engine stopped, check the fluid level in the oil reservoir.
  If necessary, add fluid.
  1. Fluid: ATF DEXRON® II or III
  NOTE: If the fluid is hot, check that the fluid level is within the HOT LEVEL range on the reservoir. If the fluid is cold, check that it is within the COLD LEVEL range.
3. Start the engine and run it at idle.
4. Turn the steering wheel from lock to lock several times to boost fluid temperature.
  1. Fluid temperature: 80°C (176°F)
5. Check for foaming or emulsification.
  
  Fig 2: Checking Brake Fluid Foaming Or Emulsification
  Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
  
  If there is foaming or emulsification, bleed power steering system (See BLEEDING )
6. With the engine idling, measure the fluid level in the oil reservoir.
7. Stop the engine.
8. Wait a few minutes and remeasure the fluid level in the oil reservoir.
  1. Maximum fluid level rise: 5 mm (0.20 in.)
  If a problem is found, bleed power steering system (See BLEEDING )
9. Check the fluid level.
CHECK STEERING FLUID PRESSURE
1. Disconnect the pressure feed tube from the PS vane pump (See REMOVAL )
2. Connect SST, as shown in the illustration below.
  SST 09640-10010 (09641-01010, 09641-01030, 09641-01060)
3. Bleed the power steering system (See BLEEDING )
4. Start the engine and run it at idle.
5. Turn the steering wheel from lock to lock several times to boost fluid temperature.
  1. Fluid temperature: 80°C (176°F)
6. With the engine idling, close the valve of the SST and observe the reading on the SST.
  
  Fig 4: Checking Power Steering Fluid Pressure While Valve Close
  Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
  1. Minimum fluid pressure:
  2. 7,400 kPa (75 kgf/cm ² , 1,067 psi)
  NOTE:
  - Do not keep the valve closed for more than 10 seconds.
  - Do not let the fluid temperature become too high.
7. With the engine idling, open the valve fully.
8. Measure the fluid pressure at engine speeds of 1,000 RPM and 3,000 RPM.
  
  Fig 5: Measuring Steering Fluid Pressure Between 1,000 RPM & 3,000 RPM
  Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
  1. Difference fluid pressure:
  2. 490 kPa (5 kgf/cm ² , 71 psi) or less
  NOTE: Do not turn the steering wheel.
9. With the engine idling and valve fully opened, turn the steering wheel to full lock.
  
  Fig 6: Checking Power Steering Fluid Pressure While Steering Wheel To Full Lock
  Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002
  1. Minimum fluid pressure:
  2. 7,400 kPa (75 kgf/cm ² ,1,067 psi)
  NOTE:
  - Do not maintain lock position for more than 10 seconds.
  - Do not let the fluid temperature become too high. (j) Disconnect the SST.
10. Disconnect the SST.
  SST 09640-10010 (09641-01010, 09641-01030, 09641-01060)
11. Connect the pressure feed tube to the PS vane pump (See INSTALLATION )
12. Bleed the power steering system (See BLEEDING )
NOTE: Check that the valve of the SST is in the open position.

Fig 7: Connecting Special Tool To Pressure Feed Tube
Courtesy of © TOYOTA, LICENSE AGREEMENT TMS1002