Checking Toe-In

Fig 1: Identifying Wheel Symmetry Line, Thrust Line And Thrust Angle

Courtesy of VOLVO CARS OF NORTH AMERICA.

Check that the instruments are adjusted in relation to each other on the front and rear axles. This is important so that the front wheel toe-in can be adjusted in relation to the car's thrust line. Thrust line is the line created when the rear wheels toe-in angles are equally divided, see illustration.

NOTE:

The difference between the wheel symmetry line and the thrust line is called the thrust angle. This angle may deviate by a maximum of 15° from the symmetry line.

A. Wheel symmetry line

B. Thrust line

C. Thrust angle

NOTE:

The differences in the adjacent diagram are exaggerated in order to illustrate the differences.

To set the rear wheel toe-in, see Checking and adjusting the alignment of the rear wheels .

Fig 2: Identifying Toe-In Measurements Between Front And Rear Edges Of Wheel

Courtesy of VOLVO CARS OF NORTH AMERICA.

Toe-in

Correct value: 0.33°' 0.1° measured over both wheels.

The deviation between the wheels must not exceed 0.1° .

Measurements are taken at the height of the hub as an angular measurement or as the difference in mm between the front and rear edges of the wheel at points A, B, or C (tread of the tire, inner shoulder and flare of the rim, respectively).

Example. The measurement at A must be 3.6 1 mm greater than at a.

A - a	B - b	C - c
15" Wheel	3.6 1.0 mm (0.14" 0.04")	2.9 0.9 mm (0.11" 0.04")	2.4 0.7 mm (0.09" 0.03")
16" Wheel	3.6 1.0 mm (0.14" 0.04")	2.9 0.9 mm (0.11" 0.04")	2.5 0.8 mm (0.10" 0.03 mm)
17" Wheel	3.6 1.0 mm (0.14" 0.04")	2.9 0.9 mm (0.11" 0.04")	2.7 0.8 mm (0.11" 0.03")