General Information

At the beginning of each part, Precautions that pertain to repair operations contained in that information are given. Read these precautions before starting any repair work.

The TROUBLESHOOTING tables are included for each system. Be sure to read the fundamentals of how to proceed with troubleshooting. See HOW TO PROCEED WITH TROUBLESHOOTING .

The Preparation article lists the Special Service Tools (SST), recommended tools, equipment, lubricants and Special Service Materials (SSM) that should be prepared before beginning. It also explains the purpose of each one.

Most repair operations begin with an overview illustration. It identifies the components and shows how the parts fit together.

Example:

Fig 1: Identifying Components

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The procedures are presented in a step-by-step format:

• The illustration shows what to do and where to do it.
• The task heading briefly describes what you will be doing.
• The detailed text tells how to perform the task and gives information such as specifications and warnings.

Example:

Fig 2: Identifying Illustration

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Fig 3: Checking Piston Stroke Flow

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This format provides the experienced technician with a FAST TRACK to the information needed. The upper case task headings are easy to read and the text below it provides detailed information. Important specifications and warnings are always written in bold-faced text.

References are instances where you are given a link to refer to for more information. They have been kept to a minimum.

Specifications are printed in bold-faced text throughout the text where needed. They are also found in Service Specifications article for quick reference.

• CAUTIONS are in bold type text, and indicate there is a possibility of injury to you or other people.
• NOTICES are also presented in bold-faced text, and indicate the possibility of damage to the components being repaired.
• HINTS are separated from the detailed text but are not in bold-faced text. HINTS provide additional information to help you perform repairs.

The UNITS used in this article comply with the SI UNITS (International System of Units) standard. For you convenience, we also provide units from the metric system and the English system.

Example: 

Torque: 30 N.m (310 kgf.cm, 22 ft.lbf)