Diagnostic Method
Purge control solenoid valve stuck open fault diagnosis
DTC
P0457 Evaporative Emission Control System Leak Detected (Fuel Cap Loose/Off)
Purpose of Mode Z
When performing the leakage diagnosis of EVAP system, the purge control solenoid valve must operate normally. Therefore, mode Z is used to diagnose the purge control solenoid valve stuck open condition. Note that if a purge control solenoid valve stuck open fault is detected, the EVAP system leakage diagnosis is cancelled.
DIAGNOSTIC METHOD
Purge control solenoid valve functional diagnosis is performed by monitoring the tank pressure in mode Z.
- Abnormality Judgment
If OK judgment cannot be made, extend Mode Z, and Judge as NG when the following conditions are established after predetermined amount of time.
Judgment Value
MALFUNCTION CRITERIA AND THRESHOLD VALUE REFERENCEMalfunction criteria Threshold value DTC evptez - evptezha > 0.6 kPa (4.5 mmHg, 0.2 inHg) P0457 evptezini ≤ 0.4 kPa (2.9 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) Time of 2 l (0.53 US gal, 0.44 lmp gal) or more fuel no sloshing ≥ 40000 ms Time Needed for Diagnosis: 5000 ms + 3000 ms + 13000 ms
Malfunction Indicator Light Illumination: Illuminates when malfunction occurs in 2 continuous driving cycles.
When judgment for purge control solenoid valve stuck open NG is made, end the evaporative diagnosis.
Cancel the evaporative diagnosis when the OK/NG judgment for purge control solenoid valve stuck open cannot be made in Mode Z.
- Normality Judgment
Judge as OK and change to Mode A when the following conditions are established after predetermined time has passed since Mode Z started.
Judgment Value
MALFUNCTION CRITERIA AND THRESHOLD VALUE REFERENCEMalfunction criteria Threshold value DTC evptez - evptezha ≤ 0.4 kPa (3 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) P0457 Normal
evptez - evptezha ≤ 0.4 kPa (3 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) Normal when above is established
Time Needed for Diagnosis: 5000 ms + 3000 ms
Purge control solenoid valve Open Fixation
- evptezini ≤ 0.4 kPa (2.9 mmHg, 0.1 inHg)
- evptez - evptezha > 0.6 kPa (4.5 mmHg, 0.2 inHg)
- No fuel sloshing of over 2 l (0.53 US gal, 0.44 lmp gal) lasts for more than 40000 ms. Judge as abnormal when all are established.
Leak Diagnosis
DTC
P0442 Evaporative Emission Control System Leak Detected (Small Leak)
P0457 Evaporative Emission Control System Leak Detected (Fuel Cap Loose/Off)
- The diagnostic consists of creating a sealed vacuum in the fuel tank and then determining the presence of leakage from the speed at which the tank internal pressure returns to barometric pressure.
- The diagnosis is divided into the following five phases.
Mode A: (Estimated evaporation gas amount)
Calculate the tank pressure change amount (P1) when using mode A. After calculating P1, switch to mode B.
Mode B: (Negative pressure sealed)
Introduce negative pressure in the intake manifold to the tank.
Approx. 0 → -1.4 kPa (0 → -10.5 mmHg, 0 → -0.4 inHg)
When the pressure above (desired negative pressure) is reached, enters Mode C.
In this case, if the tank pressure does not reach the target negative pressure, judge that there is a large leakage in the system and terminate the evaporative emission control system diagnosis.
Abnormality Judgment
Judge as NG (large leakage) when the following conditions are established.
Judgment Value
| Malfunction criteria | Threshold value | DTC |
|---|---|---|
| Time to reach target negative pressure or |
≥ 10000 ms + 25000 ms | P0457 |
| Mode B time | ≥ 10000 ms | |
| (Min. pressure value in tank when in mode B) - (Tank pressure when mode B started) | > -0.5 kPa (-4 mmHg, -0.2 inHg) |
Time Needed for Diagnosis: 5000 ms + 3000 ms + 10000 ms + 10000 ms + 25000 ms
Mode C: (Check pressure rise)
Stop the introduction of negative pressure. (Wait until the tank pressure returns to the start level of P2 calculation.)
Change to Mode D when the tank pressure returns to the start level of P2 calculation.
Judge immediate OK and change to Mode E when it does not return in spite of spending the specified time.
| Tank pressure when starting calculation of P2 | Time for advanced OK judgment |
|---|---|
| -1.3 kPa (-9.75 mmHg, -0.4 inHg) | 14000 ms |
Time Needed for Diagnosis: 5000 ms + 3000 ms + 10000 ms + 10000 ms + 25000 ms + 14000 ms
Mode D: (Measure amount of negative pressure change)
Monitor the tank pressure change amount when using mode D. In this case, the tank pressure increases, (nears barometric pressure) because evaporation occurs. However, if any leakage exists, the pressure increases additionally in proportion to this leakage. The pressure variation of this tank is P2. After calculating P2, perform a small leak diagnosis according to the items below.
When Mode D is ended
Assign tank variations measured in Mode A and Mode D, P1 and P2, to the formula below, judge small leaks in the system. If the measured judgment value exceeds the threshold value, it is judged to be a malfunction.
Abnormality Judgment
Judge as NG when the following conditions are established within the predetermined time. Judge as OK and clear the NG if the following conditions are not established within the predetermined time.
Judgment Value
| Malfunction Criteria | Threshold Value | DTC |
|---|---|---|
| P2 - 1.5 - x P1 P2: Tank pressure that changes every 10000 ms in mode D P1: Tank pressure that changes every 10000 ms in mode A |
> Value of Map 5 | P0442 |
*1.5 -: Evaporation amount compensation value when below negative pressure (Amount of evaporation occurrence increases as a vacuum condition increases.)
Map 5 Malfunction criteria limit for evaporation diagnosis
| Fuel temperature vs. Fuel level | 25°C (77°F) | 30°C (86°F) | 35°C (95°F) | 40°C (104°F) | 45°C (113°F) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 l (0 US gal, 0 lmp gal) | 0.3 kPa (2.1 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.3 kPa (2.2 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.3 kPa (2.3 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.3 kPa (2.35 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.3 kPa (2.4 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) |
| 10 l (2.64 US gal, 2.2 lmp gal) | 0.3 kPa (2.1 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.3 kPa (2.2 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.3 kPa (2.3 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.3 kPa (2.35 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.3 kPa (2.4 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) |
| 20 l (5.28 US gal, 4.4 lmp gal) | 0.3 kPa (2.3 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.3 kPa (2.4 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.3 kPa (2.5 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.3 kPa (2.6 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.4 kPa (2.7 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) |
| 30 l (7.93 US gal, 6.6 lmp gal) | 0.4 kPa (2.9 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.4 kPa (3.05 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.4 kPa (3.15 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.4 kPa (3.25 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.4 kPa (3.35 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) |
| 40 l (10.57 US gal, 8.8 lmp gal) | 0.4 kPa (2.9 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.4 kPa (3.15 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.4 kPa (3.3 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.5 kPa (3.4 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.5 kPa (3.5 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) |
| 50 l (13.21 US gal, 11 lmp gal) | 0.4 kPa (3.2 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.4 kPa (3.3 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.5 kPa (3.5 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.5 kPa (3.6 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.5 kPa (3.7 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) |
| 60 l (15.85 US gal, 13.2 lmp gal) | 0.4 kPa (3.2 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.4 kPa (3.3 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.5 kPa (3.5 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.5 kPa (3.6 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) | 0.5 kPa (3.7 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) |
Time Needed for Diagnosis: 5000 ms + 3000 ms +10000 ms +10000 ms + 25000 ms +14000 ms +10000 ms
Malfunction Indicator Light Illumination: Illuminates when malfunction occurs in 2 continuous driving cycles.
Leak Diagnosis
DTC
P0456 Evaporative Emission Control System Leak Detected (very small leak)
- The diagnostic consists of creating a sealed vacuum in the fuel tank and then determining the presence of leakage from the speed at which the tank internal pressure returns to barometric pressure.
- The diagnosis is divided into the following five phases.
Mode A: (0 point compensation)
When the pressure in the tank is not near 0 mmHg, wait until it returns to 0 point (near 0 mmHg). Shift to mode B when returned to the 0 point. Cancel the diagnosis when 0 point does not return in the specified time.
Mode B: (Negative pressure introduced)
Introduce negative pressure in the intake manifold to the tank.
Approx. 0 → -2 kPa (0 → -15 mmHg, 0 → -0.6 inHg)
When the pressure above (desired negative pressure) is reached, enters Mode C.
When the tank internal pressure does not reach the target negative pressure, the diagnosis is cancelled.
Mode C: (Negative pressure maintained)
Stop the introduction of negative pressure. (Wait until the tank pressure returns to the start level of P2 calculation.)
Change to Mode D either when the tank pressure returns to the start level of P2 calculation, or when the predetermined amount of time has passed.
Mode D: (Calculate the amount of negative pressure change)
Monitor the tank pressure in mode D, calculate the pressure change in the tank (P2), and measure the time (evpdset) for the tank pressure to change to the Mode E shifting pressure. When the Mode E shifting pressure is reached, Mode E is entered. If it does not change to the Mode E shifting pressure after the predetermined amount of time has passed, make advanced OK judgment or cancel the diagnosis according to the value of P2.
Normality Judgment
Judge as OK when the following conditions are established.
Judgment Value
| Malfunction criteria | Threshold value |
|---|---|
| Advanced OK judgment 1 | |
| Mode D time | ≥ 0 ms + 20000 ms |
| Tank internal pressure | ≤ Value of Map 6 |
| Advanced OK judgment 2 | |
| Mode D time | ≥ 0 ms + 200000 ms |
| P2 | ≤ Value of Map 7 |
Map6
| Fuel level (l , US gal, lmp gal) | 0,0,0 | 10,2.64, 2.2 | 20, 5.28, 4.4 | 30, 7.93, 6.6 | 40,10.57, 8.8 | 50,13.21, 11 | 60, 15.85, 13.2 |
| Tank pressure (kPa, mmHg, inHgl) | -1.9, -13.9, -0.5 | -1.9,-13.9, -0.5 | -1.8,-13.8, -0.5 | -1.8,-13.7, -0.5 | -1.8,-13.6, -0.5 | -1.8,-13.5, -0.5 | -1.8,-13.5, -0.5 |
Map7
| Fuel level (l , US gal, lmp gal) | 0, 0, 0 | 10,2.64, 2.2 | 20, 5.28, 4.4 | 30, 7.93, 6.6 | 40, 10.57, 8.8 | 50,13.21, 11 | 60, 15.85, 13.2 |
| Tank pressure (kPa, mmHg, inHgl) | 0.9, 7, 0.3 | 0.9, 7, 0.3 | 0.9, 7.05, 0.3 | 0.9, 7.1, 0.3 | 1.1, 8.2, 0.3 | 1.3, 9.6, 0.4 | 1.3, 9.6, 0.4 |
Mode E: (Evaporation occurrence amount calculation)
Calculate the change of tank pressure with the time evpdset (P1) to judge as NG/OK according to the value of P1. (ambiguous determination acceptable).
- Abnormality Judgment
Judge as NG when the following conditions are established.
Judgment Value
MALFUNCTION CRITERIA AND THRESHOLD VALUE REFERENCEMalfunction criteria Threshold value P1 < Value of Map 8 Map 8 Malfunction criteria limit for evaporation diagnosis
MALFUNCTION CRITERIA LIMIT FOR EVAPORATION DIAGNOSISTime (evpdset) vs. Fuel level 0 ms 50000 ms 65000 ms 120000 ms 150000 ms 200000 ms 0 l (0 US gal, 0 lmp gal) 0 kPa (0 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.4 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.84 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.84 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.84 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.84 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 10 l (2.64 US gal, 2.2 lmp gal) 0 kPa (0 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.4 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.84 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.84 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.84 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.84 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 20 l (5.28 US gal, 4.4 lmp gal) 0 kPa (0 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.54 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.76 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.76 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.76 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.76 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 30 l (7.93 US gal, 6.6 lmp gal) 0 kPa (0 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.68 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.68 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.68 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.68 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.68 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 40 l (10.57 US gal, 8.8 lmp gal) 0 kPa (0 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.315 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.315 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.315 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.315 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.315 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 50 l (13.21 US gal, 11 lmp gal) 0 kPa (0 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0.1 kPa (0.95 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0.1 kPa (0.95 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0.1 kPa (0.95 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0.1 kPa (0.95 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0 kPa (0 mmHg, 0 inHg) 60 l (15.85 US gal, 13.2 lmp gal) 0 kPa (0 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0.1 kPa (0.95 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0.1 kPa (0.95 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0.1 kPa (0.95 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0.1 kPa (0.95 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0 kPa (0 mmHg, 0 inHg) Time Needed for Diagnosis: Value of Map1+ Value of Map2 + 20000 ms + 0 + Value of Map2 + 0 ms + 200000 ms + Value of Map3 + 0 ms + 200000 ms
Malfunction Indicator Light Illumination: Illuminates when malfunction occurs in 2 continuous driving cycles.
- Normality Judgment
Judge as OK when the following conditions are established.
Judgment Value
MALFUNCTION CRITERIA AND THRESHOLD VALUE REFERENCEMalfunction criteria Threshold value P1 > Value of Map 9 Map 9 Malfunction criteria limit for evaporation diagnosis
MALFUNCTION CRITERIA LIMIT FOR EVAPORATION DIAGNOSISTime (evpdset) vs. Fuel level 0 ms 50000 ms 65000 ms 120000 ms 150000 ms 200000 ms 0 l (0 US gal, 0 lmp gal) 0.1 kPa (1 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0.4 kPa (2.88 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.4 kPa (3.28 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.4 kPa (3.28 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.4 kPa (3.28 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.4 kPa (3.28 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 10 l (2.64 US gal, 2.2 lmp gal) 0.1 kPa (1 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0.4 kPa (2.88 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.4 kPa (3.28 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.4 kPa (3.28 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.4 kPa (3.28 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.4 kPa (3.28 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 20 l (5.28 US gal, 4.4 lmp gal) 0.1 kPa (1 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0.4 kPa (2.91 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.4 kPa (3.11 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.4 kPa (3.11 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.4 kPa (3.11 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.4 kPa (3.11 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 30 l (7.93 US gal, 6.6 lmp gal) 0.1 kPa (1 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0.4 kPa (2.93 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.4 kPa (2.93 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.4 kPa (2.93 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.4 kPa (2.93 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.4 kPa (2.93 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 40 l (10.57 US gal, 8.8 lmp gal) 0.1 kPa (1 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0.4 kPa (2.76 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.4 kPa (2.76 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.4 kPa (2.76 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.4 kPa (2.76 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.4 kPa (2.76 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 50 l (13.21 US gal, 11 lmp gal) 0.1 kPa (1 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0.3 kPa (2.58 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.3 kPa (2.58 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.3 kPa (2.58 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.3 kPa (2.58 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.3 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 60 l (15.85 US gal, 13.2 lmp gal) 0.1 kPa (1 mmHg, 0 inHg) 0.3 kPa (2.58 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.3 kPa (2.58 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.3 kPa (2.58 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.3 kPa (2.58 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) 0.2 kPa (1.3 mmHg, 0.1 inHg) Time Needed for Diagnosis: Value of Map1+ Value of Map2 + 20000 ms + 0 + Value of Map2 + 0 ms + 200000 ms + Value of Map3 + 0 ms + 200000 ms