Crankshaft Position Sensor
WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2014 Nissan Pathfinder. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.
The crankshaft position sensor is located on the cylinder block facing the gear teeth (cogs) of the signal plate. It detects the fluctuation of the engine revolution.
The sensor consists of a permanent magnet and Hall IC.
When the engine is running, the high and low parts of the teeth cause the gap with the sensor to change.
The changing gap causes the magnetic field near the sensor to change.
Due to the changing magnetic field, the voltage from the sensor changes.
The ECM receives the voltage signal and detects the fluctuation of the engine revolution.