Brief component description
An AGM battery can be recognized by its black housing and the lack of a so-called "Magic Eye".
| Index | Explanation |
|---|---|
| 1 | Positive grille with silver alloy |
| 2 | Positive plate |
| 3 | Negative grille |
| 4 | Negative plate |
| 5 | Separator made of glass-fibre fleece |
| 6 | Set of positive plates |
| 7 | Set of negative plates |
| 8 | Block of plates |
| 9 | Block box with base strips |
Construction
The AGM battery differs from the conventional lead calcium battery as follows:
- larger plates: Larger plates allow a 25% larger power density.
- Separators made of glass-fibre fleece: These can cause an up to 3-times higher cycle stability to be reached. This improves the cold starting capability, the power consumption and service life.
- Airtight housing with pressure relief valve:
The inspection plugs are sealed and can not be opened.
- Battery acid bound in glass-fibre fleece: Battery acid is not found free in the housing as before, but is rather bound 100% in the glass-fibre fleece. This gives increased security against the acid escaping and thus reduces the environmental risk.
Operating principle
The AGM battery differs from conventional batteries in its non-polluting and substance-retaining behavior during charging.
When a battery is charged, the electrolysis process emits the gases oxygen and hydrogen.
- In a conventional wet lead calcium battery, the two gases hydrogen and oxygen are dissipated into the atmosphere.
- In an AGM battery, the two gases are converted back into water: The oxygen which is created at the positive electrode during charging passes through the permeable glass fibre fleece to the negative electrode. At the negative electrode the oxygen reacts with the arriving hydrogen ions in the electrolyte to form water (oxygen cycle).
In this manner, the gas, and thus the electrolyte, is not lost.
Only in the event of an excessively heavy build-up of gas, i.e. excessively high pressure build-up (20 to 200 mbar), does the pressure relief valve discharge the gas. In this process, the pressure relief valve does not allow any oxygen in the air to enter. Because the pressure in the battery is regulated by a valve, the AGM battery is also known as the VRLA battery (valve-regulated lead acid).