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Torque Converter, Basic Function - GF27.20-P-1000A

Model all with transmission 725 

Automatic transmission with torque converter 

Fig 1: Torque Converter Components Location - Model All With Transmission 725
G14472102Courtesy of MERCEDES-BENZ USA

Overview 

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General 

With a stationary vehicle and idle speed, the torque converter (2) reduces the power flow between the engine and the automatic transmission to a minimum. When driving off, it effects the engine torque increase as well as the stepless RPM and torque alignment.

IMPORTANT The fuel consumption is reduced by using the torque converter (2) with integrated centrifugal pendulum. Changes in the control system area and the vibration absorption also help to achieve an increase in the service life of the torque converter components.

Torque converter power flow 

G14472103Courtesy of MERCEDES-BENZ USA

Sectional view of torque converter 

G14472104Courtesy of MERCEDES-BENZ USA

The impeller (4) is connected to the engine and the turbine wheel (3) is connected to the drive shaft (6). The stator (5) is connected to the transmission housing (1) via the overrunning clutch and stator shaft.

IMPORTANT The oil in the torque converter (2) is continuously circulated so that heat generated during the operation phase can be dissipated via the oil cooler.

Function 

The impeller (4) pumps the oil through the impeller blades outward to the turbine wheel (3) as a result of the centrifugal force and thus drives the turbine wheel. The turbine wheel blades direct the oil onto the blades of the stator, which in turn push the oil to the impeller (4). This deflection of the oil at the stator (5), which is supported against the transmission housing by the overrunning clutch, induces an increase in torque.

Torque conversion is at its maximum value in the stall point, with rotating impeller (4) and stationary turbine wheel (3).

During the acceleration phase, the rotational speed of the turbine wheel (3) increasingly converges with the rotational speed of the impeller (4), meaning that the RPM difference grows smaller until the rotational speed at the coupling point is almost equal. Once the coupling point has been reached, the stator (5) rotates freely.