Normal Operation

WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2013 Ford F-550 Super Duty, 2013 Ford F-450 Super Duty, 2013 Ford F-350 Super Duty, and 2013 Ford F-250 Super Duty. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.

The engine cooling system functions to maintain engine temperatures during operation. Correct coolant flow through the engine, radiator and remainder of cooling system passages and components is essential to maintaining a correct engine temperature.

Engine coolant flows primarily from the engine to the radiator circuit and back to the coolant pump. From the coolant pump, coolant is sent through the engine block and cylinder heads. A separate circuit from the engine also feeds the heater core with coolant. The coolant pump is operated by engine rotation through a pulley which is driven by the accessory drive belt to circulate the coolant. The coolant thermostat is a control valve actuated by coolant temperature. When the thermostat is closed, coolant flow bypasses the radiator circuit and returns to the coolant pump. When the thermostat is opened, coolant is allowed to flow through the radiator circuit in order to transfer engine-generated heat to the outside air.

Concerns of engine inability to reach normal operating temperature typically occur when the rate of coolant flow through some coolant circuits (radiator, heater core) is more than expected given the conditions, or the fan clutch is always engaged (engine driven fans). Heat is not allowed to build in the engine because a heat exchanger is removing too much heat, including the radiator, heater core and oil cooler. In addition, perceived concerns that the engine does not reach normal operating temperature can be related to a low coolant level or trapped air which does not allow for hot coolant to be available at the heater core, an inoperative climate control system or for concerns perceived or related to an incorrect engine temperature gauge indication.

For the coolant flow diagrams, refer to ENGINE COOLING in the Description and Operation portion.

DTC P0125 (Insufficient Coolant Temperature For Closed Loop Fuel Control) - Indicates the Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) sensor - primary cooling system has not achieved the required temperature level to enter closed loop operating conditions within a specified amount of time after starting the engine.
DTC P0128 (Coolant Thermostat [Coolant Temperature Below Thermostat Regulating Temperature]) - Indicates that the thermostat monitor has not achieved the required engine operating temperature within a specified amount of time after starting the engine.

This pinpoint test is intended to diagnose the following:

Low coolant level
Thermostat
Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) gauge
Electronically actuated fan clutch
ECT sensor - primary cooling system