Fuel Injector
WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2018 Infiniti Q60. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.
Fuel injector actuator contains piezo element. The special property of the piezo ceramics is that the structure (length) changes within a microsecond under electrical voltage.
The distinctive feature of this injector is its inverse actuation. Inverse means that the injection nozzle opens when a voltage drop is performed at the injector. For this reason, the electrical injector connector may never be disconnected or switched to ground when the engine is running. An uncontrolled injection would be triggered by this.
WARNING:
During operation, 200 V of high voltage are present at the injector. This is to be noted during testing and repair work at the vehicle.