Three Way Catalyst Function
WARNING: This page is about a different car, the 2018 Infiniti Q50. However, it is still accessible from the selected car via links, so may be relevant.
Exhaust emissions emitted from engine cause chemical change (conversion) the most effectively when having the theoretical air-fuel ratio by three-way catalyst. Due to the oxidation, carbon monoxide changes to carbon dioxide and hydrocarbon changes to water and carbon dioxide. Nitrogen oxides changes to nitrogen and carbon dioxide by the reduction.