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Home >> Ford >> 2015 >> Transit-350 HD Base, Van Cargo Extended >> Repair and Diagnosis >> External Pages >> Different car >> Section 138 (Anti-Lock Brake System Component Testing) >> Pinpoint Tests >> Pinpoint Tests N: Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Electrical Faults >> Normal Operation and Fault Conditions

Normal Operation and Fault Conditions

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Active wheel speed sensors generate a square wave signal proportional to wheel speed which is sent to the ABS module. Each wheel speed sensor is connected to the ABS module through 2 wires and a connector at each wheel speed sensor. One wire is for sensor voltage supply from the ABS module and the other wire is for the signal return to the ABS module. When the ignition is set to ON, the ABS module carries out a self-test by sending a reference voltage through the wheel speed sensors and their circuitry. 

PPT N ABS MODULE DTC FAULT TRIGGER CONDITIONS

DTC Description Fault Trigger Conditions
C0037:01 Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor: General Electrical Failure Sets when the ABS module does not receive a signal from the wheel speed sensor.
C003A:01 Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor: General Electrical Failure Sets when the ABS module does not receive a signal from the wheel speed sensor.
C0037:11 Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor: Circuit Short to Ground Sets when the ABS module detects a short to ground from the sensor signal return circuit or if the sensor has an internal short to ground.
C003A:11 Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor: Circuit Short to Ground Sets when the ABS module detects a short to ground from the sensor signal return circuit or if the sensor has an internal short to ground.
C0037:12 Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor: Circuit Short to Battery Sets when the ABS module detects a short to voltage from the sensor signal return circuit. A short to voltage may be due to the sensor signal return and sensor voltage supply circuits shorted together or a short internal to the sensor itself.
C003A:12 Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor: Circuit Short to Battery Sets when the ABS module detects a short to voltage from the sensor signal return circuit. A short to voltage may be due to the sensor signal return and sensor voltage supply circuits shorted together or a short internal to the sensor itself.
C0037:14 Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor: Circuit Short to Ground or Open Sets when the ABS module detects a short to ground or an open from the sensor signal return circuit or if the sensor has an internal short to ground or open.
C003A:14 Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor: Circuit Short to Ground or Open Sets when the ABS module detects a short to ground or an open from the sensor signal return circuit or if the sensor has an internal short to ground or open.

Possible Causes 

Visual Inspection and Diagnostic Pre-checks 

NOTE: Use the correct probe adapter(s) when making measurements. Failure to use the correct probe adapter(s) may cause damage to the connector.
Fig 1: Antilock Braking System (ABS) Module Connector - C135
G11682038Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
CONNECTOR PIN REFERENCE (HARNESS SIDE)

Circuit Pin
LR WSS LO (Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Low) - RCA18 18 (BROWN/GREEN)
LR WSS HI (Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor High) - VCA04 31 (BLUE/ORANGE)
RR WSS LO (Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Low) - RCA20 29 (BROWN)
RR WSS HI (Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor High) - VCA06 17 (WHITE/ORANGE)
Fig 2: Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Connector - C440
G11682039Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
CONNECTOR PIN REFERENCE (HARNESS SIDE)

Circuit Pin
LR WSS LO (Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Low) - RCA18 2 (YELLOW)
LR WSS HI (Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor High) - VCA04 1 (BROWN)
Fig 3: Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Connector - C426
G11682040Courtesy of FORD MOTOR CO.
CONNECTOR PIN REFERENCE (HARNESS SIDE)

Circuit Pin
RR WSS LO (Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor Low) - RCA20 2 (YELLOW)
RR WSS HI (Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor High) - VCA06 1 (BROWN)
  1. N1: CHECK FOR FAULT REPEATABILITY 
    • Ignition ON, engine OFF.
    • Clear the ABS DTCs.
    • Ignition OFF.
    • Ignition ON, engine OFF.
    • Test drive the vehicle above 20 km/h (12 mph).
    • Carry out the ABS self-test.
    • Is one or more of the DTCs shown in the ABS DTC Fault Trigger Conditions table present? 
      Yes No
      Go to  N3. The system is operating correctly at this time. INSPECT both front wheel speed sensor electrical connectors and the ABS module electrical connector. REPAIR or CLEAN the connector as necessary. ADDRESS the root cause of any connector or pin issues.
  2. N2: CHECK THE ABS MODULE DTCS 
    • Review the results from the ABS module self-test.
    • Is DTC C003x:01, C003x:12 or C003x:15 present? 
      Yes No
      Go to  N3. Go to  N4.
  3. N3: CHECK THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TO BATTERY VOLTAGE 
    • Ignition OFF.
    • ABS Module connector disconnected. (C135)
    • Disconnect the suspect wheel speed sensor.
    • Ignition ON, engine OFF.
    • For the left rear wheel speed sensor:
    • Measure the voltage between:
      (+)
      Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (C440) Connector, Harness Side      		 (-)
      LR WSS LO - RCA18 (YELLOW) - Pin 2 Ground
      LR WSS HI - VCA04 (BROWN) - Pin 1 Ground
    • For the right rear wheel speed sensor:
    • Measure the voltage between:
      (+)
      Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (C426) Connector, Harness Side      		 (-)
      RR WSS LO - RCA20 (YELLOW) - Pin 2 Ground
      RR WSS HI - VCA06 (BROWN) - Pin 1 Ground
    • Is any voltage present? 
      Yes No
      REPAIR the circuit in question. Go to  N4.
  4. N4: CHECK THE WHEEL SPEED CIRCUITS FOR AN OPEN 
    • Ignition OFF.
    • ABS Module connector disconnected. (C135) (if not previously disconnected)
    • Disconnect the suspect wheel speed sensor (if not previously disconnected).
    • For the left rear wheel speed sensor:
    • Measure the resistance between:
      (+)
      ABS Module (C135) Connector, Harness Side      		 (-)
      Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (C440) Connector, Harness Side
      LR WSS LO - RCA18 (BROWN/GREEN) - Pin 18 LR WSS LO - RCA18 - Pin 2
      LR WSS HI - VCA04 (BLUE/ORANGE) - Pin 31 LR WSS HI - VCA04 - Pin 1
    • For the right rear wheel speed sensor:
    • Measure the resistance between:
      (+)
      ABS Module (C135) Connector, Harness Side      		 (-)
      Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (C426) Connector, Harness Side
      RR WSS LO - RCA20 (BROWN) - Pin 29 RR WSS LO - RCA20 - Pin 2
      RR WSS HI - VCA06 (WHITE/ORANGE) - Pin 17 RR WSS HI - VCA06 - Pin 1
    • Are the resistances less than 3 ohms? 
      Yes No
      Go to  N5. REPAIR the circuit in question.
  5. N5: CHECK FOR SHORTED WHEEL SPEED SENSOR CIRCUITS 
    • Ignition OFF.
    • For the left rear wheel speed sensor:
    • Measure the resistance between:
      (+)
      Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (C440) Connector, Harness Side      		 (-)
      Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (C440) Connector, Harness Side
      LR WSS HI - VCA04 (BROWN) - Pin 1 LR WSS LO - RCA18 - Pin 2
    • For the right rear wheel speed sensor:
    • Measure the resistance between:
      (+)
      Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (C426) Connector, Harness Side      		 (-)
      Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (C426) Connector, Harness Side
      RR WSS HI - VCA06 (BROWN) - Pin 1 RR WSS LO - RCA20 - Pin 2
    • Is the resistance greater 10, 000 ohms? 
      Yes No
      Go to  N6. REPAIR the circuits.
  6. N6: CHECK THE WHEEL SPEED SENSOR CIRCUITS FOR A SHORT TO GROUND 
    • For the left rear wheel speed sensor:
    • Measure the resistance between:
      (+)
      ABS Module (C135) Connector, Harness Side      		 (-)
      LR WSS LO - RCA18 (BROWN/GREEN) - Pin 18 Ground
      LR WSS HI - VCA04 (BLUE/ORANGE) - Pin 31 Ground
    • For the right rear wheel speed sensor:
    • Measure the resistance between:
      (+)
      ABS Module (C135) Connector, Harness Side      		 (-)
      RR WSS LO - RCA20 (BROWN) - Pin 29 Ground
      RR WSS HI - VCA06 (WHITE/ORANGE) - Pin 17 Ground
    • Are the resistances greater than 10, 000 ohms? 
      Yes No
      Go to  N7. REPAIR the circuit in question.
  7. N7: CHECK THE ABS MODULE OUTPUT 
    • Ignition ON, engine OFF.
    • For the left rear wheel speed sensor:
    • Measure the voltage between:
      (+)
      Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (C440) Connector, Harness Side      		 (-)
      Left Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (C440) Connector, Harness Side
      LR WSS HI - VCA04 (BROWN) - Pin 1 LR WSS LO - RCA18 - Pin 2
    • For the right rear wheel speed sensor:
    • Measure the voltage between:
      (+)
      Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (C426) Connector, Harness Side      		 (-)
      Right Rear Wheel Speed Sensor (C426) Connector, Harness Side
      RR WSS HI - VCA06 (BROWN) - Pin 1 RR WSS LO - RCA20 - Pin 2
    • Is the voltage greater 10 volts? 
      Yes No
      INSTALL a new wheel speed sensor for the one in question.
      REFER to Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) And Stability Control .      		 Go to  N8.
  8. N8: VERIFY ALL WIRING CONNECTIONS 
    • Ignition OFF.
    • Disconnect all in-line electrical connectors between the ABS module and the suspect wheel speed sensor.
    • Using a good light source, inspect all disconnected electrical connectors for the following:
      • corrosion - install new connector or terminal and clean the module pins
      • damaged or bent pins - install new terminals or pins
      • pushed-out pins - install new pins as necessary
      • spread terminals - install new terminals as necessary
    • Are the connectors free of corrosion, damaged pins, bent pins, pushed-out pins and spread terminals? 
      Yes No
      Go to  N9. REPAIR the affected connectors or terminals.
      REFER to OEM Connector Repair Procedures for schematic and connector information.
  9. N9: CHECK FOR CORRECT ABS MODULE OPERATION 
    • Connect all in-line electrical connectors between the ABS module and the suspect wheel speed sensor. Make sure the connectors seat and latch correctly.
    • Connect the suspect wheel speed sensor. Make sure the connector seats and latches correctly.
    • ABS Module connector connected. (C135) Make sure the connector seats and latches correctly.
    • Operate the system and determine if the concern is still present.
    • Is the concern still present? 
      Yes No
      INSTALL a new ABS module.
      CHECK OASIS for any applicable Technical Service Bulletins TSBs.
      If a TSB exists for this concern, DISCONTINUE this test and FOLLOW the TSB instructions.
      If no TSBs address this concern, INSTALL a new ABS module.
      REFER to Anti-Lock Brake System (ABS) And Stability Control .
      ORDER a replacement ABS module and INCLUDE the RVC on the form.
      If this is a Ford paid repair, INCLUDE the RVC on the warranty claim form.
      When complete, SELECT the "X" in the top right corner to CLOSE this procedure.      		 The system is operating correctly at this time. The concern may have been caused by a loose or corroded connector. ADDRESS the root cause of any connector or pin issues.
      If this is a Ford paid repair, INCLUDE the RVC on the warranty claim form.
      When complete, SELECT the "X" in the top right corner to CLOSE this procedure.
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