Engine Will Not Crank: Testing

WARNING: Ensure battery negative cable is disconnected and 2 minutes have passed before proceeding with diagnostics.

Attempt to rotate engine crankshaft by hand to ensure engine is not seized. If crankshaft is able to rotate, go to next step. If crankshaft is unable to rotate, repair engine mechanical fault. See appropriate article in ENGINES.
Ensure ignition is off. Disconnect Powertrain Control Module (PCM) connectors. PCM is located at passenger's side front corner of engine compartment on inner fender panel. Inspect connectors for damaged pins, corrosion and loose terminals. Repair connectors necessary. Using DVOM, measure resistance between ground and PCM harness connector C1 terminal No. 6 (Black/White wire). See Figure . Move gearshift lever through all positions, starting in "P" position and going to "1" position. Resistance should decrease smoothly from more than 10 ohms to less than 10 ohms while moving gearshift lever through all positions. If resistance changes as specified, go to next step. If resistance does not change as specified, replace TR sensor.
Ensure ignition is off. Check battery cables for excessive resistance by checking voltage drop on each battery cable. If voltage drop on battery cables is .2 volt or less, go to next step. If voltage drop on any battery cable is more than .2 volt, repair battery cable for excessive resistance.

WARNING: Ensure all components are positioned away from engine components, as engine may crank over when performing the following step.

Ensure parking brake is applied. Remove starter relay from Power Distribution Center (PDC). See Figure or Figure . PDC is located at driver's side front corner of engine compartment, near battery. Note cavities for starter relay in PDC. Momentarily connect jumper wire between starter relay cavities No. 30 (Red/Tan wire) and No. 87 (Brown wire) in PDC. If starter does not operate and engine does not crank over, go to step 7 . If starter operates and engine cranks over, go to next step.
Using 12-volt test light, check for voltage between ground and starter relay cavity No. 86 (Red/Yellow wire) in PDC with ignition switch in START position. See Figure or Figure . This is the fused ignition switch output circuit. If test light illuminates brightly, go to next step. If test light does not illuminate brightly, check for open or high resistance in Red/Yellow wire between ignition switch and cavity No. 86 in PDC, or for blown fuse No. 12 (10-amp) in PDC. Repair wiring or replace fuse as necessary.
Turn ignition off. Ensure starter relay is removed from PDC. Ensure PCM connectors are still disconnected. Using DVOM, measure resistance of Black/White wire between starter relay cavity No. 85 and PCM harness connector C1 terminal No. 6. See Figure , Figure and Figure . If resistance is less than 5 ohms, replace starter relay. If resistance is 5 ohms or more, repair open in Black/White wire between starter relay in PDC and PCM.
Ensure ignition is off and starter relay is removed from PDC. Disconnect starter relay output connector from starter solenoid. Using DVOM, measure resistance of Brown wire between starter relay cavity No. 87 and starter solenoid harness connector. This is the starter relay output circuit. If resistance is less than 5 ohms, go to next step. If resistance is 5 ohms or more, repair open in Brown wire between starter relay and starter solenoid.
Ensure starter relay is removed from PDC. Using 12-volt test light connected to ground, probe starter relay cavity No. 30 (Red/Tan wire) in PDC. See Figure or Figure . This is the fused B+ circuit to starter relay. If test light illuminates brightly, replace starter motor. If test light does not illuminate brightly, check for open on Pink/Black wire between cavity No. 30 in PDC, or for blown fuse No. 16 (50-amp) in PDC. Repair wiring or replace fuse as necessary.