Functional Description - Engine Coolant Temperature (ECT) Sensor

The ECT sensor is used to sense engine coolant temperature. The sensor protrudes into the thermostat housing. The ECT sensor is a two-wire Negative Thermal Coefficient (NTC) sensor. Meaning, as engine coolant temperature increases, resistance (voltage) in the sensor decreases. As temperature decreases, resistance (voltage) in the sensor increases. With the ignition switch in the ON position, the PCM sends out a regulated 5 volt signal to the ECT sensor. The PCM then monitors the signal as it passes through the ECT sensor to the sensor ground (sensor return). When the engine is cold, the PCM will operate in open loop cycle. It will demand slightly richer air-fuel mixtures and higher idle speeds. This is done until normal operating temperatures are reached.