Malfunction Indicator Lamp (MIL)
The MIL is required by on-board diagnostics (EOBD) that it illuminates under a strict set of guide lines.
Basically, the MIL is turned ON when the ECM detects a DTC that will impact the vehicle emissions.
The MIL is under the control of the diagnostic executive. The MIL will be turned ON if an emissions-related diagnostic test indicates a malfunction has occurred. It will stay ON until the system or component passes the same test, for 3 consecutive trips, with no emissions related faults.